Change search
Refine search result
12 1 - 50 of 57
CiteExportLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Rows per page
  • 5
  • 10
  • 20
  • 50
  • 100
  • 250
Sort
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
Select
The maximal number of hits you can export is 250. When you want to export more records please use the Create feeds function.
  • 1.
    Acs, Zoltán J.
    et al.
    George Mason University, Arlington, VA, United States.
    Lappi, Emma
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE). Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Swedish Entrepreneurship Forum, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Entrepreneurship, culture, and the epigenetic revolution: a research note2021In: Small Business Economics, ISSN 0921-898X, E-ISSN 1573-0913, Vol. 56, no 4, p. 1287-1307Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We show how the type of alcohol consumed is related to the type of entrepreneurship present for economies in Europe. We differentiate between beer-, wine-, and spirit-drinking countries and distinguish between productive, unproductive, and destructive entrepreneurship. The underlying links do not emerge from drinking per se but rather the drinking habits and taste for beverage types capture deep cultural features and cultural similarities amongst the countries. Societies that prefer to drink beer are closer to each other culturally than those which prefer drinking wine or spirits. Therefore, the taste for alcohol type is merely an instrument in explaining cultural and institutional differences across entrepreneurship. Broadly speaking, beer-drinking countries are characterized by higher shares of productive entrepreneurship, wine-drinking countries with unproductive entrepreneurship, and spirit-drinking countries with destructive entrepreneurship. We discuss mechanisms in which the results are found and highlight a new research agenda, emphasizing the potential role of epigenetics. 

  • 2.
    Ajaj, Kassem
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    kesserwan, Rawan
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the European Banking Sector2021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The main purpose of this research is to study the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the performance of the banks in some European countries. The study covers the top three banks in six European countries “France, Italy, Spain, Denmark, Finland, and Sweden” during the periods 2018, 2019, and 2020 on a quarterly basis. The data was collected from the banks’ financial statements and several websites like Bloomberg, Macrotrends, and Yahoo finance. We used multiple linear regression to study the effect of several independent variables, including a key variable that represents the severity of the lockdown “LOCKDOWN”, on the return on equity for the banks. We observed that the COVID-19 had a negative impact on the performance of the mentioned banks and that the countries that imposed lockdown got affected more than the ones with no lockdown. In particular, we conclude that Swedish banks (no lockdown) performed better than the banks of the other five countries.

  • 3.
    Akram, Muhammad N.
    et al.
    Department of Statistics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
    Amin, Muhammad
    Department of Statistics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
    Qasim, Muhammad
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    A new biased estimator for the gamma regression model: Some applications in medical sciences2023In: Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods, ISSN 0361-0926, E-ISSN 1532-415X, Vol. 52, no 11, p. 3612-3632Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Gamma Regression Model (GRM) has a variety of applications in medical sciences and other disciplines. The results of the GRM may be misleading in the presence of multicollinearity. In this article, a new biased estimator called James-Stein estimator is proposed to reduce the impact of correlated regressors for the GRM. The mean squared error (MSE) properties of the proposed estimator are derived and compared with the existing estimators. We conducted a simulation study and employed the MSE and bias evaluation criterion to judge the proposed estimator’s performance. Finally, two medical dataset are considered to show the benefit of the proposed estimator over existing estimators.

  • 4.
    Al Hemzawi, Bashir
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Umutoni, Natacha
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Impact of exports and imports on the economic growthMASTER, A case study of Rwanda from 2006 to 20202021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 5.
    Andersson, Martin
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE). Swedish Entrepreneurship Forum; Blekinge University of Technology.
    Deiaco, Enrico
    Swedish Entrepreneurship Forum.
    Eklund, Johan
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Family Entrepreneurship and Ownership (CeFEO). Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Swedish Entrepreneurship Forum; Blekinge University of Technology.
    Swedish perspectives on industrial policy: The Washington Consensus and beyond2021In: Swedish perspectives on industrial policy: The Washington Consensus and beyond / [ed] M. Andersson, E. Deiaco & J. Eklund, Örebro: Swedish Entrepreneurship Forum , 2021, p. 7-24Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 6.
    Asif, M.
    et al.
    Department of Statistics, Govt. Degree College, Qadir Pur Raan, Multan, Pakistan.
    Aslam, M.
    Department of Statistics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
    Khan, S.
    Department of Preventive Pediatrics, Children Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Multan, Pakistan.
    Altaf, S.
    Department of Statistics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
    Ahmad, S.
    Department of Statistics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
    Qasim, Muhammad
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Ali, H.
    Department of Zoology, Govt. Degree College, Qadir Pur Raan, Multan, Pakistan.
    Wyszyńska, J.
    Medical College of Rzeszów University, University of Rzeszów, ul. Kopisto 2a, Rzeszów, 35-959, Poland.
    Developing Neck Circumference Growth Reference Charts for Pakistani Children and Adolescents Using the Lambda-Mu-Sigma (LMS) and Quantile Regression Method2021In: Public Health Nutrition, ISSN 1368-9800, E-ISSN 1475-2727, Vol. 24, no 17, p. 5641-5649Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: Neck circumference (NC) is currently used as an embryonic marker of obesity and its associated risks. But its use in clinical evaluations and other epidemiological purposes requires sex and age-specific standardized cut-offs which are still scarce for the Pakistani pediatric population. We therefore developed sex and age-specific growth reference charts for NC for Pakistani children and adolescents aged 2-18 years.

    Design: Cross-sectional multi-ethnic anthropometric survey (MEAS) study.

    Setting: Multan, Lahore, Rawalpindi and Islamabad.

    Participants: The dataset of 10,668 healthy Pakistani children and adolescents aged 2 to 18 years collected in MEAS were used. Information related to age, sex and NC were taken as study variables. The lambda-mu-sigma (LMS) and quantile regression (QR) methods were applied to develop growth reference charts for NC.

    Results: The 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th and 95th smoothed percentile values of NC were presented. The centile values showed that neck size increased with age in both boys and girls. During 8 and 14 years of age, girls were found to have larger NC than boys. A comparison of NC median (50th) percentile values with references from Iranian and Turkish populations reveals substantially lower NC percentiles in Pakistani children and adolescents compared to their peers in the reference population.

    Conclusion: The comparative results suggest that the uses of NC references of developed countries are inadequate for Pakistani children. A small variability between empirical centiles and centiles obtained by QR procedure recommends that growth charts should be constructed by QR as an alternative method.

  • 7.
    Asif, M.
    et al.
    Department of Statistics, Govt. Degree College Qadir Pur Raan, Multan, Pakistan.
    Aslam, M.
    Department of Statistics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
    Qasim, Muhammad
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Altaf, S.
    Department of Statistics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
    Ismail, A.
    Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
    Ali, H.
    Department of Zoology, Govt. Degree College Qadir Pur Raan, Multan, Pakistan.
    A dataset about anthropometric measurements of the Pakistani children and adolescents using a cross-sectional multi-ethnic anthropometric survey2021In: Data in Brief, E-ISSN 2352-3409, Vol. 34, article id 106642Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Evaluation of nutritional status is necessary during childhood and the juvenile years when the level of hydration and the adipose tissues experience significant changes. Anthropometric measurements and their derived indices are valid proxies to predict body fat, obesity (general or central) and their associated cardiovascular risks. The dataset under consideration also provides the socio-demographic related information and anthropometric measurement values related to height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HpC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHpR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), neck circumference (NC), and wrist circumference (WrC). Standard procedure was adopted for quantifying the body measurements. The data were consisting of 10,782 children and adolescents aged 2–19 years, belonging four major cities of Pakistan viz. Multan, Lahore, Rawalpindi and Islamabad. This dataset is beneficial to develop anthropometric growth charts which will provide the essential knowledge of growth and nutritional disorders (e.g., stunted, overweight and obesity) of Pakistani children and adolescents. The dataset can also be used by researchers to calculate body surface area (BSA), body frame size (BFS), body shape index (BSI), and tri-ponderal mass index (TMI) of children and adolescents that are also some other reliable indicators of obesity and insulin resistance as well as cardiometabolic risk in children and adults.

  • 8.
    Asif, Muhammad
    et al.
    Govt Degree Coll, Dept Stat, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan..
    Aslam, Muhammad
    Bahauddin Zakariya Univ, Dept Stat, Multan, Pakistan..
    Ullah, Kalim
    Kohat Univ Sci & Technol KUST, Dept Zool, Kohat, Pakistan..
    Qasim, Muhammad
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Afzal, Khurram
    Bahauddin Zakariya Univ, Inst Food Sci 6 Nutr, Multan, Pakistan..
    Abbas, Asad
    Bahauddin Zakariya Univ, Inst Food Sci 6 Nutr, Multan, Pakistan..
    Ali, Manzar
    Ibne Siena Hosp & Res Inst, Multan Med & Dent Coll, Multan, Pakistan..
    Younis, Muhammad
    Bahauddin Zakariya Univ, Inst Food Sci 6 Nutr, Multan, Pakistan..
    Ullah, Sami
    Univ Peshawar, Dept Pharm, Peshawar, Kpk, Pakistan..
    Bin Asad, Muhammad Hassham Hassan
    COMSATS Univ, Dept Pharm, Abbotabad Campus, Islamabad 22060, Pakistan.;Kazan Fed Univ, Inst Fundamental Med, Dept Genet, Kazan, Russia..
    Wyszynska, Justyna
    Rzeszow Univ, Med Coll, Ul Kopisto 2a, PL-35959 Rzeszow, Poland..
    Diagnostic Performance and Appropriate Cut-Offs of Different Anthropometric Indicators for Detecting Children with Overweight and Obesity2021In: BioMed Research International, ISSN 2314-6133, E-ISSN 2314-6141, article id 1608760Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the clinical settings, different anthropometric indicators like neck circumference (NC), waist circumference (WC), midupper arm circumference (MUAC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and arm-to-height ratio (AHtR) have been suggested for evaluating overweight and obesity in children. The comparative ability of these indicators in Pakistan is yet unknown. This study is aimed at examining the validity of different anthropometric indicators of overweight and obesity simultaneously and at determining their superlative cut-off values that would correctly detect overweight and obesity in children. For this purpose, the dataset of anthropometric measurements height, weight, WC, MUAC, and NC of 5,964 Pakistani children, aged 5-12 years collected in a cross-sectional multiethnic anthropometric survey (MEAS), was used. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the validity of different anthropometric indicators. The most sensitive and specific cut-off points, positive and negative predictive values of each indicator were also calculated. The results of the ROC curve indicated that all the studied indicators had a good performance but the indicators AHtR and WHtR had the highest value of the area under the curve (AUC) for the screening of children with overweight and obesity (AUC > 0.80). In the overall sample, AHtR, WHtR, MUAC, WC, and NC cut-off points indicative of overweight, in both boys and girls, were 0.14, 0.46, 18.41 cm, 62.86 cm, and 26.36 cm and 0.14, 0.47, 18.16 cm, 64.39 cm, and 26.54 cm, respectively; the corresponding values for obesity were 0.14, 0.47, 18.67 cm, 62.10 cm, and 26.36 cm and 0.14, 0.48, 20.19 cm, 64.39 cm, and 25.27 cm. We concluded that the sex-specific cut-off points for AHtR, WHtR, MUAC, WC, and NC can be used to diagnose overweight and obesity in Pakistani children.

  • 9.
    Backman, Mikaela
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE). Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Karlsson, Charlie
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Opportunity- and necessity- driven entrepreneurship in urban versus rural locations2021In: The Rural Enterprise Economy / [ed] B. Leick, S. Gretzinger, T. Makkonen, Taylor and Francis , 2021, p. 147-161Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Most rural areas face a range of challenges stemming from the loss of their traditional comparative advantages due to mechanisation, automation, and structural change. In comparison to urban regions, these areas face systemic structural problems, such as lower levels of formal education, ageing populations, and a low and shrinking market potential. Rural areas therefore tend to offer a less fertile environment for entrepreneurship than urban areas provide. In this chapter, we will explore various aspects of rural entrepreneurship by analysing how the volume of entrepreneurship varies in rural areas in Sweden depending upon the size of the local market potential and the development level of the local economic milieu. We will further share insights into rural entrepreneurship by analysing the relative shares of distinct types of entrepreneurship by separating unincorporated and incorporated firms and distinguishing new firms with multiple employees from one-employee firms.

  • 10.
    Backman, Mikaela
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE). Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Klaesson, Johan
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE). Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    The importance of the hospitality sector in integrating foreign-born  individuals in Sweden2021In: Regional science perspectives on tourism and hospitality / [ed] M. Ferrante, O. Fritz & Ö. Öner, Springer, 2021, p. 79-100Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The increased flow of individuals across national borders has led to a more diverse set of inhabitants in a region and a larger share of individuals with a foreign background in the labor force. Sweden is no exception, as it hosts a large share of foreign-born individuals due to its long history of both labor market-driven and forced migration. Integration into the labor market is vitally important for individuals with a foreign background, and the hospitality sector plays an important role since it employs a large share of employees with foreign backgrounds. By using this as a starting point, we explore the probability of becoming employed (out of opportunity or by necessity) within the hospitality sector for an individual with a foreign background. The results show that individuals with foreign backgrounds are more likely to be employed, both out of opportunity and by necessity, in the hospitality sector.

  • 11.
    Backman, Mikaela
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE). Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Nilsson, Pia
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE).
    Nilsson, Helena
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE).
    Karriärvägar inom partihandeln: Forskningsrapport 2021:12021Report (Refereed)
  • 12.
    Bao, Helen X. H.
    et al.
    Univ Cambridge, Land Econ,19 Silver St, Cambridge CB3 9EP, England..
    Larsson, Johan P.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Univ Cambridge, Dept Land Econ, Cambridge, England.;Jonkoping Univ, Ctr Entrepreneurship & Spatial Econ CEnSE, Jonkoping, Sweden..
    Wong, Vivien
    Univ Cambridge, Land Econ,19 Silver St, Cambridge CB3 9EP, England..
    Light at the end of the tunnel: The impacts of expected major transport improvements on residential property prices2020In: Urban Studies, ISSN 0042-0980, E-ISSN 1360-063X, article id 0042098020967308Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Properties near public transportation systems are usually sold at a premium owing to the willingness of firms and people to pay for access to workplace and leisure. However, the economic impact of major infrastructure investments remains an empirical question plagued by identification issues. We investigate the economic impacts of a major transportation development project currently under construction in Hong Kong: the Tuen Mun-Chek Lap Kok tunnel, namely the effects on property prices of the expansion of the regional road network in the Greater Bay Area. We identify a significant accessibility premium well before the tunnel is completed. There is also a change in market structure of increased preference for residential property in areas closer to the tunnel, reflected by higher price appreciation. The findings help guide urban planning and public investment decisions, as well as the design and implementation of land value capture policy.

  • 13.
    Baycan, Tüzin
    et al.
    Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
    Öner, Özge
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE). Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Department of Land Economy, University of Cambridge, Cambrirdge, United Kingdom; Research Institute of Industrial Economics, Stockholm, Sweden.
    The dark side of social capital: a contextual perspective2023In: The annals of regional science, ISSN 0570-1864, E-ISSN 1432-0592, Vol. 70, p. 779-798Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper aims to provide a brief review of the much neglected ‘dark side’ of social capital. To highlight the contextual nature of social capital by way of examples from different geographies, we draw attention to the potentially detrimental effects associated with the concept. A significant body of literature addresses the advantages of being connected to various types of social bridges and bonds. While emphasising the ‘bright side’ of social capital, that literature pays limited attention to the negative attributes of social ties and their potentially detrimental effects on a number of social and economic outcomes. Although it is not reasonable to establish a dichotomy between ‘good’ and ‘bad’ social capital, it is possible to conceptualise such negative attributes in the light of the existing literature, in which the context-dependent nature of social capital is accentuated. We focus on two critical questions: (i) Why is it essential to address the contextual nature of social capital? (ii) How could geography come into play?

  • 14.
    Bernhard, I.
    et al.
    School of Business, Economics and IT, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden.
    Gråsjö, U.
    School of Business, Economics and IT, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden.
    Karlsson, Charlie
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Blekinge Institute of Technology, Sweden.
    Introduction to Unlocking Regional Innovation and Entrepreneurship: The Potential for Increasing Capacities2021In: Unlocking Regional Innovation and Entrepreneurship: The Potential for Increasing Capacities / [ed] I. Bernhard, U. Gråsjö & C. Karlsson, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2021, p. 1-13Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    It is well-known that development is uneven across regions. The current academic and political consensus calls for policy interventions targeted towards a more balanced, inclusive and regionally cohesive growth. Yet, despite decades of sizeable policy efforts, there is no clear evidence of economic and social convergence across regions within countries. Entrepreneurship and innovation are proven to be strong drivers of regional economic development, and therefore they offer a source of potential solutions to the challenges imposed by an adverse international context. However, both entrepreneurial and innovative activity are themselves highly unevenly distributed in space, which might in itself be a main cause of the persistent regional inequalities in both developed and developing countries. A deeper understanding of the drivers and the implications of sub-national disparities in entrepreneurship and innovation is therefore a priority for implementing policies aimed at unlocking the potential of all regions in order to maximize their contribution to national growth and prosperity. In this introductory chapter, we create a background and a foundation for the rest of the chapters in this edited volume.

  • 15.
    Bernhard, I.
    et al.
    School of Business, Economics and IT, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden.
    Gråsjö, U.School of Business, Economics and IT, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden.Karlsson, CharlieJönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Blekinge Institute of Technology, Sweden.
    Unlocking Regional Innovation and Entrepreneurship: The Potential for Increasing Capacities2021Collection (editor) (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Illuminating and timely, this book explores several theoretical and empirical issues related to the potential for increasing capacities for innovation, knowledge and entrepreneurship. It highlights the current academic and political consensus that calls for policy interventions targeted towards more balanced, inclusive and regionally cohesive growth.

  • 16.
    Bersisa, Mekonnen
    et al.
    Department of Economics, Ambo University Woliso Campus, Waliso, Ethiopia.
    Heshmati, Almas
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    A distributional analysis of uni-and multidimensional poverty and inequalities in Ethiopia2021In: Social Indicators Research, ISSN 0303-8300, E-ISSN 1573-0921, Vol. 155, no 3, p. 805-835Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study analyzes uni-and multidimensional poverty and inequalities in rural and small towns in Ethiopia. Unlike the unidimensional measure, the multidimensional measure of poverty shows all the channels through which poverty may manifest itself; it also shows the extent of deprivation. The analysis uses 6 dimensions with 14 indicators to construct a multidimensional index of poverty and inequalities using Ethiopian Households’ Socioeconomic Survey dataset. The study also uses multiple correspondence analyses for determining relative weights in computing a multidimensional index and conducts a stochastic dominance analysis of distribution of poverty for different population segments. The paper sheds light on the degree of inequalities in consumption expenditure and multidimensional deprivations. In addition, it also compares the degree of poverty using the conventional measure of poverty and the multidimensional approach. It also examines the determinants of household poverty status using both unidimensional and multidimensional measures using the logit model. The results show that the intensity, severity, and depth of poverty varies substantially across the 2 measures. The unidimensional measure of poverty shows that 36 percent of the households were poor as compared to 46 percent multidimensionally poor households. Moreover, demographic, regional, and household heads’ characteristics also affect households’ poverty status.

  • 17.
    Braunerhjelm, Pontus
    et al.
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden.
    Eklund, Johan
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Family Entrepreneurship and Ownership (CeFEO). Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden.
    Thulin, Per
    KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Taxes, the tax administrative burden and the entrepreneurial life cycle2021In: Small Business Economics, ISSN 0921-898X, E-ISSN 1573-0913, Vol. 56, no 2, p. 681-694Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a modified version of the entrepreneurial choice model, where it is shown that the expected utility of becoming an entrepreneur is decreasing in both the levels of taxes and the tax administrative burden. We extend previous empirical findings by examining how these variables influence entrepreneurs at different stages in the entrepreneurial life cycle. Our findings imply that the effect of the tax administrative burden varies over the entrepreneurial life cycle from strongly negative to insignificant. The most pronounced negative effects appear in the early stages of entrepreneurship. We conclude that a 10% reduction in the tax administrative burden increases the propensity for new business establishments by 4%. Our findings support the idea that tax simplification is one way to encourage entrepreneurship, without any reduction in tax revenues.

  • 18.
    Cedermark, Carolin
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Taimisto, Suvi
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance in the Energy Sector: A Quantitative Study Examining European Energy Companies2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    As the cornerstone of almost all economic activity across the world, the energy sector plays a vital role in the transition to sustainable business operations and living. The urgent situation of climate change has likewise increased the pressure on corporations to act in a more sustainable manner. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to examine whether Corporate social Responsibility (CSR) performance has a positive relationship with financial performance in the European energy sector.  The data consists of 52 energy companies within the years 2015-2021 using secondary data source obtained from Refinitiv Eikon database along with companies' financial statements. To examine the relationship, we conducted a panel data analysis using both fixed and random effect model. We found that in our dataset there is no statistically significant relationship between CSR performance and financial performance.  The results lay the ground for further research and could provide insight to policymakers about the complexity of investments regarding CSR for the energy sector in Europe.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 19.
    Demir, Ahmet
    et al.
    Department of Business Management, Ishik University, Erbil, Iraq .
    Budur, Taylan
    Department of Business Management, Ishik University, Erbil, Iraq.
    Heshmati, Almas
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Links between knowledge management and organisational sustainability: Does the ISO 9001 certification have an effect?2023In: Knowledge Management Research & Practice, ISSN 1477-8238, E-ISSN 1477-8246, Vol. 21, no 1, p. 183-196Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study’s aim is investigating the impacts of the determinants of knowledge management on organisational sustainability. It investigates the differences in performance among ISO 9001 certified and non-certified firms. The study uses data collected from 156 employees of various private firms in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. It uses the partial least squares method to test the hypothesised model and the independent samples t-test toelaborate on the differences between ISO 9001 certified and non-certified firms. The results show that knowledge storage plays a key role in knowledge generation, sharing, and utilisation. It is also observed that knowledge management has a significant impact on organisational sustainability. Firms in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq fail to generate management knowledge due to their weak document storage capacities. This paper discusses the theoretical and practical implications of their weak document storage capacities and makes some suggestions for improving this situation.

  • 20.
    Eklund, Johan
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Larsson, Johan P.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    The use of knowledge in investment theory2011In: The Spatial Market Process / [ed] David Emanuel Andersson, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2011, p. 335-351Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 21.
    Engström, Per
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Sweden.
    Hagen, Johannes
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Johansson, Edvard
    Åbo Akademi University, Finland.
    Estimating tax noncompliance among the self-employed – Evidence from pleasure boat registers2021Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, we improve upon the Pissarides-Weber (PW) method for estimating tax evasion among the self-employed by utilizing unique register-based consumption measures from the Swedish and Finnish mandatory registers for pleasure boats. Our main contributions are twofold: i) The PW method crucially relies on the assumption that the intrinsic consumption preferences are the same for self-employed and wage earner households. Thanks to our rich data, we are able to test this assumption directly by contrasting the Engel curves between wage earner households and households that will become self-employed in the future. We find that the group that will become self-employed is only marginally more prone to own a boat before they actually become self-employed. This lends support to the assumption of similar intrinsic preferences between the two groups. ii) The large sample size that comes with register-based consumption measures allows us to challenge the standard functional form assumptions in previous PW applications. The estimated sizes of income underreporting in absolute monetary amounts are almost constant over reported income levels, whereas previous studies have assumed that the underreporting is proportional to income.

  • 22.
    Farghali, Rasha A.
    et al.
    Department of Mathematics, Insurance and Applied Statistics, Faculty of Commerce and Business Administration, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
    Qasim, Muhammad
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Kibria, B. M. Golam
    Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.
    Abonazel, Mohamed R.
    Department of Applied Statistics and Econometrics, Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical Research, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
    Generalized two-parameter estimators in the multinomial logit regression model: methods, simulation and application2023In: Communications in statistics. Simulation and computation, ISSN 0361-0918, E-ISSN 1532-4141, Vol. 52, no 7, p. 3327-3342Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this article, we propose generalized two-parameter (GTP) estimators and an algorithm for the estimation of shrinkage parameters to combat multicollinearity in the multinomial logit regression model. In addition, the mean squared error properties of the estimators are derived. A simulation study is conducted to investigate the performance of proposed estimators for different sample sizes, degrees of multicollinearity, and the number of explanatory variables. Swedish football league dataset is analyzed to show the benefits of the GTP estimators over the traditional maximum likelihood estimator (MLE). The empirical results of this article revealed that GTP estimators have a smaller mean squared error than the MLE and can be recommended for practitioners.

  • 23.
    Ferrante, Mauro
    et al.
    University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
    Fritz, OliverWIFO—Austrian Institute of Economic Research, Wien, Austria.Öner, ÖzgeJönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE). Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
    Regional science perspectives on tourism and hospitality2021Collection (editor) (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This book approaches the tourism and hospitality industry from a regional science perspective. By analyzing the spatial context of tourist travels, the hospitality sector, and the regional impacts of tourist activities, it demonstrates the value of the regional science paradigm for understanding the dynamics and effects of tourism and hospitality-related phenomena. Written by leading regional science scholars from various countries as well as professionals from organizations such as OECD and AirBnB, the contributions address topics such as migration, new types of accommodation, segmentation of tourism demand, and the potential use of tracking technologies in tourism research.

    The content is divided into five parts, the first of which analyzes spatial effects on the development of firms in the tourism industry, while the second approaches temporal and spatial variability in tourism through analytical regional science tools. The broader economic and social impacts of tourism are addressed in part three. Part four assesses specific tourism segments and tourist behaviors, while part five discusses environmental aspects and tourism destination policies. The book will appeal to scholars of regional and spatial science and tourism, as well as tourism specialists and policymakers interested in developing science and evidence-based tourism policies.

  • 24.
    Florida, Richard
    et al.
    Univ Toronto, Rotman Sch Management & Sch Cities, Toronto, ON, Canada.
    Mellander, Charlotta
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE). Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    The geography of COVID-19 in Sweden2022In: The annals of regional science, ISSN 0570-1864, E-ISSN 1432-0592, Vol. 68, p. 125-150Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper examines the geographic factors that are associated with the spread of COVID-19 during the first wave in Sweden. We focus particularly on the role of place-based factors versus factors associated with the spread or diffusion of COVID-19 across places. Sweden is a useful case study to examine the interplay of these factors because it did not impose mandatory lockdowns and because there were essentially no regional differences in the pandemic policies or strategies during the first wave of COVID-19. We examine the role of place-based factors like density, age structures and different socioeconomic factors on the geographic variation of COVID-19 cases and on deaths, across both municipalities and neighborhoods. Our findings show that factors associated with diffusion matter more than place-based factors in the geographic incidence of COVID-19 in Sweden. The most significant factor of all is proximity to places with higher levels of infections. COVID-19 is also higher in places that were hit earliest in the outbreak. Of place-based factors, the geographic variation in COVID-19 is most significantly related to the presence of high-risk nursing homes, and only modestly associated with factors like density, population size, income and other socioeconomic characteristics of places.

  • 25.
    Garz, Marcel
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Maaß, Sabrina
    University of Hamburg and Hamburg Media School, Hamburg, Germany.
    Cartels in the European Union, antitrust action, and public attention2021In: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, ISSN 0167-2681, E-ISSN 1879-1751, Vol. 186, p. 533-547Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study compiles an original dataset to investigate whether the timing of actions by the European Commission in cartel proceedings is affected by the overall news agenda. Our results indicate that certain actions are more likely to coincide with large predictable news events (e.g., the FIFA World Cup and the Olympics), the more EU firms involved in a cartel – compared to cartels with few EU companies or many non-EU firms. Studying the implications of the differential timing, we find that the occurrence of unrelated newsworthy events lowers public attention to the actions, as measured by news agency and newspaper reports, as well as relevant Google searches. These findings do not constitute conclusive evidence of favoritism, that the Commission favors domestic companies by reducing the negative publicity associated with the proceedings. However, even a suspicion of a subtle form of protectionism undermines the Commission's role as an independent supranational regulator.

  • 26.
    Hagen, Johannes
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Network for Studies on Pensions, Aging and Retirement (Netspar), Tilburg, The Netherlands.
    Malisa, Amedeus
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Post, Thomas
    Maastricht University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Finance, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
    Keep calm and do nothing - trading behavior of Swedish retirement investors during the COVID19 pandemic2021Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    How did investors in the Swedish Premium Pension System (PPS) react to the stock markets shock ignitedin 2020 by the COVID-19 pandemic? The share of investors that traded more than doubled, and tradesshifted capital from equity funds to low risk interest funds. In economic terms, however, trading activitystayed at very low levels—less than two percent of investors traded in March 2020 and there was no effecton pension withdrawals. Given the vast evidence on retail investors’ strongly increasing trading volume incrisis times, the reaction of PPS investors looks surprisingly smart, i.e., avoiding the many mistakes thatinvestors incur when they try to outsmart the market. Potentially, the often-criticized choice architecture ofthe PPS that induces strong inertia provided positive side effects in times of a severe market shock. 

  • 27.
    Han, Junghee
    et al.
    Chonnam National University, South Korea.
    Heshmati, Almas
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Innovation and SMEs patent propensity in Korea2021In: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, ISSN 1476-1297, E-ISSN 1741-8054, Vol. 42, no 1/2, p. 51-68Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In general, all inventions are patented. However, there are numerous innovative activities that do not come under the coverage of patent protection even though patenting an innovation in different contexts remains vital. This paper analyses patent propensity as an outcome of innovative activities of regional SMEs. To achieve this, it does a robust regression analysis to estimate models to test five research hypotheses related to patent propensity using 263 firms participating in collaborative R&D with universities located in the Gwangju region in Korea. The empirical results show that a CEO's academic qualifications are positively related to propensity to patent. The findings also show that a CEO's intention to pursue new knowledge through open innovations is more relevant for patent propensity than public incentive policy instruments for making SMEs innovative by adapting innovation manuals, including the number of patents.

  • 28.
    Hansson, Lars Lucas Philip
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics.
    Berzups, Lukas
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    The Impact of Inflation on Capital Rotation in Inflationary Inflection Points: An Investigation on How Inflation Affects Capital Rotation Between Major Market Sectors as Economies Shift from Disinflation to Reflation2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    There has been a multi-decade disinflationary period that, with the conjunction of recent pandemic-related events, led to extremes in various economic metrics: record lowest interest rates and inflation, increasingly loose monetary and fiscal policies leading to severe debt levels and money supply - all resulting in a multi-front pressure on inflation to start increasing, and after 30 years, for economic environments to reach an inflection point from disinflation to reflation. How would various market sectors perform if suddenly inflation starts to surge? Previous research of similar events, such as in the 1970s, as well as theory, points towards certain market sectors and asset classes, such as commodities, to outperform their peers. Research on this topic is fairly scarce, thus, to better prepare for such an inflationary event and gain insight on which market sectors are best to invest in or avoid, this paper conducts an investigation to explore that scenario. By looking at 11 major market sectors over 10 countries' historic inflationary points that shifted from disinflation to reflation, analysis determined that, while certain sectors are indeed more sensitive to changes in inflation than others, many more are sensitive to changes in interest rates that normally accompany inflation. Sectors such as Energy, Consumer Discretionary and Financials would perform well during this period, while sectors such as Information Technology would historically underperform. Contrary to the theory, not enough relation was discovered by the analysis towards the commodity sector as a whole to overperform, however, that does not mean that none exist. Further research is still required on this topic to increase knowledge and awareness so that the negative impact of inflationary events like the ones of the 1930s and 1970s can be avoided and even taken advantage of.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 29.
    Heshmati, Almas
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Special Issue: Energy Use Efficiency2021Collection (editor) (Other academic)
  • 30.
    Heshmati, Almas
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Rashidghalam, Masoomeh
    University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
    Assessment of the urban circular economy in Sweden2021In: Journal of Cleaner Production, ISSN 0959-6526, E-ISSN 1879-1786, Vol. 310, article id 127475Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study proposes a general standard for the circular economy (CE), and estimates a multidimensional parametric index composed of eight components which is in line with the principles of a circular economy. The concept and index are used for evaluating the practices of a circular economy at the municipality level. The index is regressed on a number of indicators influencing the level and development of circular economy. The empirical analysis is based on data from 273 municipalities in Sweden observed 2012–18. The results suggest that there are significant differences between the municipalities in the CE index and its sub-components. Variations in the index's level are mainly attributed to their regional location, population size and density, concentration of industries, and investment programs in the circular economy's infrastructure. At a disaggregate level, the municipalities of Gotland, Härjedalen, and Mörbylånga performed well in the CE index. In contrast, Stockholm, Uppsala, and Burlöv municipalities had the lowest ranks in the CE index. The index had a growth rate of 9.7 percent over 7 years at an average annual growth rate of 1.3 percent. One policy implication of these results is that each municipality should implement a policy adapted to the sectorial structure of its economy and availability of resources. The central government should apply strict environmental regulations and provide necessary incentives for achieving environmental quality objectives. Incentive programs can target a wider application of technologies and policies used by the best performing municipalities and provide support in transferring knowledge and resources for strengthening the weak performing municipalities. 

  • 31.
    Karlsson, Charlie
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Blekinge Institute of Technology, Sweden.
    Tavassoli, S.
    RMIT University, School of Management, Melbourne, Australia.
    Industrial policy in developed countries: A difficult but important policy area2021In: Unlocking Regional Innovation and Entrepreneurship: The Potential for Increasing Capacities / [ed] I. Bernhard, U. Gråsjö & C. Karlsson, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2021, p. 80-109Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this chapter is to review how industrial policy developed from mainly a ‘passive’ policy focusing market failures to a mainly ‘active’ policy focusing on creating better conditions for growth and international competitiveness. We have discussed the interpretation of the concept of the industrial policy and followed up that discussion with an overview of the arguments for and against the industrial policy. We have highlighted the the-oretical foundations for industrial policy and illustrated the difference between ‘old’ and ʼnew’ industrial policies. We paid particular attention to ‘spatial’ aspect of industrial policy by discussing whether industrial policies should be place-neutral or place-based. The paper ends with a discussion of the difficulties related to the formulation and implementation of industrial policies.

  • 32.
    Kekezi, Orsa
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Boschma, Ron
    Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Utrecht University, Netherlands.
    Returns to migration after job loss – The importance of job match2021In: Environment and planning A, ISSN 0308-518X, E-ISSN 1472-3409, Vol. 53, no 6, p. 1565-1587Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Loss of specific human capital is often identified as a mechanism through which displaced workers might experience permanent drops in earnings after job loss. Research has shown that displaced workers who migrate out of their region of origin have lower earnings than those who do not. This paper extends the discussion on returns to migration by accounting for the type of jobs people get and how related they are to their skills. Using an endogenous treatment model to control for selection bias in migration and career change, we compare displaced stayers with displaced movers in Sweden. Results show that migrants who get a job that matches their occupation- and industry-specific skills display the highest earnings among all displaced workers. If migration is combined with a job mismatch, earning losses are instead observed. This group experiences the lowest earnings among all displaced workers.

  • 33.
    Kekezi, Orsa
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE). Stockholm Univ, Swedish Inst Social Res SOFI, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Mellander, Charlotta
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE).
    Geography and consumption of local media2018In: Journal of Media Economics, ISSN 0899-7764, E-ISSN 1532-7736, Vol. 31, no 3-4, p. 96-116Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Urbanization has led to the centralization of many important functions, including the media sector. In the case of Sweden, 53% of journalists now live in the capital region of Stockholm. The number of local editorial offices has shrunk from 668 to 273 in 28 years. What impact does this media centralization have? A recent report from the U.S. by the PEW Institute shows that rural communities experience a sense of being disconnected from what is being reported by the media. In this paper, we hypothesize that the lack of a local editorial office can lead to a lower consumption of local news (either in print form or online). Similarly, we also test if local news consumption decreases due to having fewer local journalists. Based on fine level data for Sweden in 2006 and in 2013, the results of our analysis suggest that the existence of an editorial office in a municipality is not significantly related to the consumption of local newspapers, but that accessibility to employed journalists who live in the municipality is.

  • 34.
    Khan, Aisha
    et al.
    Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Park Road, Chak Shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    Sajid, Rawan
    Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Park Road, Chak Shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    Gul, Shaista
    Department of histopathology, Bolan Medical Complex Hospital, Quetta, Pakistan.
    Hussain, Ashiq
    Department of Microbiology, Bolan Medical Complex Hospital, Quetta, Pakistan.
    Zehri, Mohammad T.
    Department of Microbiology, Bolan Medical Complex Hospital, Quetta, Pakistan.
    Naz, Shumaila
    Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
    Simsek, Sami
    Department of Parasitology, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
    Waseem, Shahid
    Alpha Genomics Pvt. Ltd. Plot 4-C, Danyal Plaza, Block A, Main Double Road, PWD, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    Afzal, Muhammad S.
    Department of Life Sciences, University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore, Pakistan.
    Naqvi, Syed K. U. H.
    Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Park Road, Chak Shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    Qasim, Muhammad
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Ahmed, H.
    Epidemiological and Pathological Characteristics of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis from Baluchistan Province of Pakistan2021In: Parasitology, ISSN 0031-1820, E-ISSN 1469-8161, Vol. 148, no 5, p. 591-597Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is considered a neglected tropical disease which in Pakistan can now be considered as growing public health problem. The exact figures on the magnitude of disease are lacking both at national and regional level and only a few health centers are available for diagnosis of CL. The present study was designed to identify the epidemiology of CL infection from August 2018 to December 2019 and to assess clinical aspects of CL in Baluchistan Province of Pakistan. A total of 4072 clinically suspected CL cases were analysed statistically. The highest number of CL cases were reported in May, followed by April, January and then July, February, and June and lowest number of cases were observed in March and November. The highest prevalence rate was found in males where 38% of reported cases were aged 0-9 years. The majority (24.4%) of lesions were found on the hands followed by the face in which cheeks, ears and nose were the effected organs. About 50% of the participants have single lesion while 14% of the participants had two and nearly 3% of the participants have six lesions. The atypical clinical presentations were observed in Baluchistan and common unusual presentations were lupus erythematosus. The study findings suggest that more epidemiological studies and health education campaigns are needed for the population awareness regarding CL in Baluchistan. It is recommended that risk factors should be evaluated to establish the control and management strategies to prevent disease at individual and community level. 

  • 35.
    Khezri, Mohsen
    et al.
    Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
    Heshmati, Almas
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Khodaei, Mehdi
    Tarbiat Modares University, Iran.
    The role of R&D in the effectiveness of renewable energy determinants: A spatial econometric analysis2021In: Energy Economics, ISSN 0140-9883, E-ISSN 1873-6181, Vol. 99, article id 105287Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study investigates the effects of renewable energy determinants on various renewable energy resources. The empirical results are based on data from 31 mainly Asia-Pacific countries observed from 2000 to 2018. Different diagnostic tests indicate the existence of spatial effects in the renewable energy model. The spatial Durbin model with the time-period and spatial fixed effects was selected for analysis. Scrutinizing empirical studies suggest a lack of theoretical consensus on how renewable energy determinants work. By examining how R&D affects different renewable energy resources, this study attempts to fill the research gap. In addition, the R&D environment is an important factor in determining the effects of GDP and the development of financial markets and institutions. R&D enhancement reduces the impacts of market expansion on hydropower; however, such effects are incremental for solar, wind, bioenergy, and geothermal energy resources. In an environment with a low level of R&D, financial development has positive effects on hydropower generation and negative impacts on other renewable energy types. However, the expansion of R&D expands reverses such effects gradually. The different results are obtained for different countries at different levels of R&D. Furthermore, trade openness has been a positive factor in the development of hydropower, solar and geothermal energy resources. The results also revealed the negative (positive) impacts of GDP per capita in neighboring countries with a higher (lower) level of R&D on the development of renewable energy of the origin country.

  • 36.
    Klaesson, Johan
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE). Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN), Stockholm, Sweden.
    Öner, Özge
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE). Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN), Stockholm, Sweden.
    Ethnic enclaves and segregation—self-employment and employment patterns among forced migrants2021In: Small Business Economics, ISSN 0921-898X, E-ISSN 1573-0913, Vol. 56, no 3, p. 985-1006Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The relevance of residential segregation and ethnic enclaves for labor market sorting of immigrants has been investigated by a large body of literature. Previous literature presents competing arguments and mixed results for the effects of segregation and ethnic concentration on various labor market outcomes. The geographical size of the area at which segregation and/or ethnic concentration is measured, however, is left to empirical work to determine. We argue that ethnic concentration and segregation should not be used interchangeably, and more importantly, the geographical area at which they are measured relates directly to different mechanisms. We use a probabilistic approach to identify the likelihood that an immigrant is employed or a self-employed entrepreneur in the year 2005 with respect to residential segregation and ethnic concentration at the level of the neighborhood, municipality, and local labor market level jointly. We study three groups of immigrants that accentuate the differences between forced and pulled migrants: (i) the first 15 member states of European Union (referred to as EU 15) and the Nordic countries, (ii) the Balkan countries, and (iii) countries in the Middle East. We find that ethnic enclaves, proxied by ethnic concentration at varying levels, indicate mixed results for the different immigrant groups we study, both for their employment and entrepreneurship probability, whereas residential segregation has a more uniformly distributed result where its relationship to any of the two labor market outcomes is almost always negative or insignificant.

  • 37.
    Kumbhakar, Subal C.
    et al.
    Department of Economics, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902, United States.
    An, Jiyeon
    Department of Economics, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro (Sinsu-dong #1), Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04107, South Korea.
    Rashidghalam, Masoomeh
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE).
    Heshmati, Almas
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE).
    Efficiency in reducing air pollutants and healthcare expenditure in the Seoul Metropolitan City of South Korea2021In: Environmental Science and Pollution Research, ISSN 0944-1344, E-ISSN 1614-7499, Vol. 28, p. 25442-25459Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study analyzes efficiency in the reduction of air pollutants and the associated healthcare costs using a stochastic frontier cost function panel data approach. For the empirical analysis, we use monthly data covering 25 districts in the Seoul metropolitan city of South Korea observed over the period January 2010 to December 2017. Our results show large variations in air pollution and healthcare costs across districts and over time and their efficiency in reducing air pollutants. The study concludes that efforts are needed to apply the World Health Organization’s air quality standards for designing and implementing location-specific customized policies for improving the level of air quality and its equal distribution, provision of health services, and improved efficiency in improving air quality standards. The study identifies a number of determinants of air pollutants and efficiency enhancement which provide useful pointers for policymakers for addressing the current environmental problems in South Korea.

  • 38.
    Lappi, Emma
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics. Swedish Entrepreneurship Forum, Stockholm, Sweden; Copenhagen Business School, Department of Strategy & Innovation, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
    Eklund, Johan
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Family Entrepreneurship and Ownership (CeFEO). Swedish Entrepreneurship Forum, Grevgatan 34,3rd Floor, S-11453 Stockholm, Sweden.;Blekinge Inst Technol, Dept Ind Econ, S-37179 Karlskrona, Sweden..
    Klaesson, Johan
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE). Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Res Inst Ind Econ IFN, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Does education matter for the earnings of former entrepreneurs?: Longitudinal evidence using entry and exit dynamics2022In: Journal of evolutionary economics, ISSN 0936-9937, E-ISSN 1432-1386, Vol. 32, p. 827-865Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Wage employment is the most commonly observed type of employment after a spell of entrepreneurship. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of having been an entrepreneur on earnings after individuals exit. The question is how the entrepreneurship spell influences their value in the labor market? Based on a theoretical framework and earlier literature, our specific interest lies in how these outcomes interact with education level and the nature of the entrepreneurial venture. To investigate this question, we use longitudinal register data on firms and individuals in Sweden. The empirical strategy builds on matching techniques and estimations of earnings equations in a difference-in-differences framework with heterogenous treatment years. We provide evidence that there exists an earnings penalty when highly educated entrepreneurs return to wage employment. This effect is persistent throughout the time period that we observe. For individuals with lower educational attainment, we find no or weak evidence of a wage penalty. Our results suggest that the wage penalty for highly educated individuals operates through the depreciation of specific specialized skills valuable in wage employment.

  • 39.
    Larsson, Johan P.
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Öner, O.
    Department of Land Economy, University of Cambridge, 19-21 Silver Street, Cambridge, CB39EP, United Kingdom.
    Sielker, F.
    Department of Land Economy, University of Cambridge, 19-21 Silver Street, Cambridge, CB39EP, United Kingdom.
    Regional hierarchies of discontent: An accessibility approach2021In: Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, ISSN 1752-1378, E-ISSN 1752-1386, Vol. 14, no 3, p. 583-599Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We argue that so-called geographies of discontent work within regional hierarchies in a spatial continuum, whereas the previous literature has mainly invoked dichotomous divides, such as core-periphery or the North-South. A place's relation to surrounding communities and regions remains an understudied topic. We analyse the municipal distribution of electoral support for Sweden Democrats (Sverigedemokraterna, SD) in the 2014 and 2018 Swedish national general elections. We show that higher accessibility to other large municipalities within the same region, as well as being surrounded by relatively larger neighbouring regions, is associated with further support for SD. The within-region associations are only reliably identified among the urban group.

  • 40.
    Lukman, A. F.
    et al.
    Department of Physical Sciences, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria.
    Adewuyi, E.
    Department of Statistics, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
    Månsson, Kristofer
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Kibria, B. M. G.
    Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Florida International University, Miami, United States.
    A new estimator for the multicollinear Poisson regression model: simulation and application2021In: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 11, no 1, article id 3732Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) suffers from the instability problem in the presence of multicollinearity for a Poisson regression model (PRM). In this study, we propose a new estimator with some biasing parameters to estimate the regression coefficients for the PRM when there is multicollinearity problem. Some simulation experiments are conducted to compare the estimators' performance by using the mean squared error (MSE) criterion. For illustration purposes, aircraft damage data has been analyzed. The simulation results and the real-life application evidenced that the proposed estimator performs better than the rest of the estimators.

  • 41.
    Lyons, P.
    et al.
    Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18B, Solna, 17165, Sweden.
    Winters, M.
    Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18B, Solna, 17165, Sweden.
    Zeebari, Zangin
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Schmidt-Hellerau, K.
    Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18B, Solna, 17165, Sweden.
    Sengeh, P.
    FOCUS1000, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
    Jalloh, M. B.
    FOCUS1000, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
    Jalloh, M. F.
    Division of Global Health Protection, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, United States.
    Nordenstedt, H.
    Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18B, Solna, 17165, Sweden.
    Engaging religious leaders to promote safe burial practices during the 2014–2016 ebola virus disease outbreak, sierra leone2021In: Bulletin of the World Health Organization, ISSN 0042-9686, E-ISSN 1564-0604, Vol. 99, no 4, p. 271-279Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective To quantify the potential impact of engaging religious leaders in promoting safe burial practices during the 2014–2016 Ebola virus disease outbreak in Sierra Leone. Methods We analysed population-based household survey data from 3540 respondents collected around the peak of the outbreak in Sierra Leone, December 2014. Respondents were asked if in the past month they had heard an imam or pastor say that people should not touch or wash a dead body. We used multilevel logistic regression modelling to examine if exposure to religious leaders’ messages was associated with protective burial intentions if a family member died at home and other Ebola protective behaviours. Findings Of the respondents, 3148 (89%) had been exposed to faith-based messages from religious leaders on safe Ebola burials and 369 (10%) were unexposed. Exposure to religious leaders’ messages was associated with a nearly twofold increase in the intention to accept safe alternatives to traditional burials and the intention to wait ≥ 2 days for burial teams (adjusted odds ratio, aOR: 1.69; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.23–2.31 and aOR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.38–2.44, respectively). Exposure to messages from religious leaders was also associated with avoidance of traditional burials and of contact with suspected Ebola patients (aOR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.14–1.89 and aOR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.27–2.13, respectively). Conclusion Public health messages promoted by religious leaders may have influenced safe burial behaviours during the Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone. Engagement of religious leaders in risk communication should be prioritized during health emergencies in similar settings.

  • 42.
    Löffler, Kristin Ulrike
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School.
    Petreski, Aleksandar
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Stephan, Andreas
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE). Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Drivers of green bond issuance and new evidence on the “greenium”2021In: Eurasian Economic Review, ISSN 1309-422X, Vol. 11, p. 1-24Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper examines whether a premium for green bonds, called “greenium”, found in previous studies, exists in primary and secondary bond markets. Using a universe of about 2000 green and 180,000 non-green bonds from 650 international issuers, we apply both propensity score matching and coarsened exact matching to determine a sample of conventional bonds that is most similar to the sample of green bonds. We find that green bonds have larger issue sizes and lower rated issuers, on average, compared to conventional bonds. The estimates show that the yield for green bonds is, on average, 15–20 basis points lower than that of conventional bonds, both on primary and secondary markets, thus a “greenium” exists.

  • 43.
    Lööf, Hans
    et al.
    Royal Institute of Technology.
    Sahamkhadam, Maziar
    Linnaeus University.
    Stephan, Andreas
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE). The Royal Institute of Technology, Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies (CESIS).
    Is Corporate Social Responsibility investing a free lunch? The relationship between ESG, tail risk, and upside potential of stocks before and during the COVID-19 crisis2021Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Did Corporate Social Responsibility investing benefit shareholders during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis? Distinguishing between downside tail risk and upside reward potential of stock returns, we provide evidence from 5,073 stocks listed on stock markets in ten countries. The findings suggests that better ESG ratings are associated with lower downside risk, but also with lower upside return potential. Thus, ESG ratings help investors to reduce their risk exposure to the market turmoil caused by the pandemic, while maintaining the fundamental trade-off between risk and reward.

  • 44.
    Mansoor, Rashid
    et al.
    UCL, Dept Stat Sci, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England..
    Månsson, Kristofer
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Jonkoping Int Business Sch, Box 1026, S-55111 Jonkoping, Sweden..
    Sjölander, Pär
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics. Jonkoping Int Business Sch, Box 1026, S-55111 Jonkoping, Sweden..
    Testing for panel cointegration in high dimensional data in the presence of cross-sectional dependency2021In: International Journal of Computational Economics and Econometrics, ISSN 1757-1170, E-ISSN 1757-1189, Vol. 11, no 4, p. 406-418Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper introduces some new methods to test for panel cointegration in the error correction framework. These methods are proposed since the previous approaches do not perform well when the number of cross-sectional units (N) is approximately equal to the number of time periods (T). By means of Monte Carlo simulations we investigate the size and power properties when N and T increase simultaneously, i.e., N/T -> c where 0 < c <= 1. Based on the simulated results we may recommend a test for panel cointegration in high dimensional setting with cross-sectional dependency.

  • 45.
    Muhamad, G. M.
    et al.
    Department of Economics, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Kurdistan Region of Iraq, Iraq.
    Heshmati, Almas
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Khayyat, N. T.
    Technology Management, Economics and Policy Program, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, South Korea.
    How to reduce the degree of dependency on natural resources?2021In: Resources policy, ISSN 0301-4207, E-ISSN 1873-7641, Vol. 72, article id 102047Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Many natural resources rich countries are characterized by natural resource dependency and lack of economic diversification. They experience lower economic growth due to excessive exploitation of natural resources, high resource price volatility, undermining the competitiveness of the non-natural resources sectors, and weak institutional quality. Economic diversification is viewed as a long-term solution to high economic dependency on natural resources. Although this diversification can take place in every sector of the economy, economic dependency on natural resources can be reduced through both private sector development and public sector reforms. This empirical research examines the factors that may affect a country's degree of dependency on natural resources. A dynamic flexible adjustment model is employed om an unbalanced panel data for 110 countries from 1990 to 2017, to estimate the relationship between private sector development, public sector reforms, taxation systems, and dependency on natural. The findings reveal that the degree of dependency on natural resource revenue will reduce with the development of the public sector including privatization and development of national taxation systems. Institutional quality and human development are crucial for reducing this dependency and the speed at which countries transition towards an optimal level of diversification.

  • 46.
    Mushtaq, Aqsa
    et al.
    COMSATS Univ Islamabad CUI, Dept Biosci, Infect Dis Div, Islamabad, Pakistan..
    Shoukat, Tehniat
    COMSATS Univ Islamabad CUI, Dept Biosci, Infect Dis Div, Islamabad, Pakistan..
    Mumtaz, Tanzila
    COMSATS Univ Islamabad CUI, Dept Biosci, Infect Dis Div, Islamabad, Pakistan..
    Qasim, Muhammad
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Ajmal, Kiran
    COMSATS Univ Islamabad CUI, Dept Biosci, Infect Dis Div, Islamabad, Pakistan..
    Fatima, Nayab
    COMSATS Univ Islamabad CUI, Dept Biosci, Infect Dis Div, Islamabad, Pakistan..
    Khan, Aisha
    COMSATS Univ Islamabad CUI, Dept Biosci, Infect Dis Div, Islamabad, Pakistan..
    Kouser, Misbah
    COMSATS Univ Islamabad CUI, Dept Biosci, Infect Dis Div, Islamabad, Pakistan..
    Hussain, Nazeer
    COMSATS Univ Islamabad CUI, Dept Biosci, Infect Dis Div, Islamabad, Pakistan..
    Khan, Sadia Selim
    COMSATS Univ Islamabad CUI, Dept Biosci, Infect Dis Div, Islamabad, Pakistan..
    Afzal, Mohammed Sohail
    Univ Management & Technol UMT, Fac Sci, Dept Life Sci, Lahore, Pakistan..
    Simsek, Sami
    Firat Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Parasitol, TR-23119 Elazig, Turkey..
    Ahmed, Haroon
    COMSATS Univ Islamabad CUI, Dept Biosci, Infect Dis Div, Islamabad, Pakistan..
    Tick-borne Diseases in Sheep and Goats in Pakistan: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis2021In: Acta Parasitologica, ISSN 1230-2821, E-ISSN 1896-1851, Vol. 66, p. 1316-1325Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Ticks are blood-sucking ectoparasites and transmit various types of protozoal, bacterial, and viral diseases in a wild as well as domestic animals and humans globally. Only a few published reports are avaliable on the prevalence of tick-borne diseases in sheep and goats in Pakistan.

    Aim and objective

    The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the prevalence (2000-2020) of tick-borne disease (theileriosis, babesiosis, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever infection, and anaplasmosis) in sheep and goats in Pakistan.

    Methods

    A systematic review of articles published in English language (since 2000-2020) was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar. Diagnostic methods used in the original reference articles were PCR, PCR-RLB, microscopy, and ELISA.

    Results

    The overall prevalence of theileriosis, babesiosis, anaplasmosis, and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) infections was 15.40%, 21.18%, 26.78%, and 11.62%, respectively. The prevalence of anaplasmosis was 22.06% (90/408) in sheep, 21.11% (76/360) in goats, and 40% (120/300) in both sheep and goats with substantial differences (P < 0.001). The prevalence of babesiosis among sheep was 29.88% (104/348) with highly significant differences (P < 0.001), in goats was 29.88% (25/60) with slightly significant differences (P < 0.031%), and in both sheep and goats were 7% (21/300) with highly significant differences (P < 0.001) according to subgroup analysis. The percentage of prevalence of theileriosis was 17.70% (207/1169) in sheep with highly substantial differences (P < 0.001), 4.51% (31/687) in goats with significant differences (P < 0.133), and 25% (125/500) in both sheep and goats with a significant difference among them (P < 0.001). The prevalence of CCHF among sheep was 18.63% (149/800) and 4.63% (37/800) in goats, respectively. The widely used detection method was microscopy (45.56%) followed by ELISA (38.38%), PCR (12.56%), and PCR-RLB (3.48%) test, respectively. This is a comprehensive report on the status of tick-borne disease in sheep and goats in Pakistan.

    Conclusion

    Based on our results, among tick-borne diseases anaplasmosis had the highest prevalence rate in sheep and goats. Due to its high prevalence, control measures should be taken to diagnose and prevent it.

  • 47.
    Mutarindwa, Samuel
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Business Administration. University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.
    Schäfer, Dorothea
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics. DIW, Berlin, Germany; CERBE, Rome, Italy.
    Stephan, Andreas
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE). Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Family Entrepreneurship and Ownership (CeFEO). CESIS, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Differences in African banking systems: causes and consequences2021In: Journal of Institutional Economics, ISSN 1744-1374, E-ISSN 1744-1382, Vol. 17, no 4, p. 561-581Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper links banking system development to the colonial and legal history of African countries. Based on a sample of 40 African countries from 2000 to 2018, our empirical findings show a significant dependence of current financial institutions on the inherited legal origin and the colonization type. Findings also reveal that current financial legal institutions are not major determinants of banking system development, and that institutional development and governance quality are more important. A high share of government spending relative to GDP also positively affects banking system development in African countries.

  • 48.
    Mutarindwa, Samuel
    et al.
    College of Business and Economics, University of Rwanda, Rwanda.
    Siraj, Ibrahim
    Long Island University-Post, USA.
    Stephan, Andreas
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE). Linnaeus University Växjö, Sweden.
    Ownership and bank efficiency in Africa: True fixed effects stochastic frontier analysis2021In: Journal of Financial Stability, ISSN 1572-3089, E-ISSN 1878-0962, Vol. 54, article id 100886Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper investigates the effects of ownership patterns on bank cost and profit efficiencies taking a sample of 607 commercial banks operating in 53 African countries during the period 2005-2015. Using pooled and modified true fixed effects (TFE) stochastic frontier panel approaches, the following results are obtained: First, foreign-owned banks are more profit and cost efficient than their domestic peers. Second, privately-owned banks outperform state-owned banks. These findings result not only from internal efficiencies but also from differences in other bank-level and country-level factors. Specifically, larger and listed banks with many years of operations in host African countries, and favorable macro-economic conditions improve the cost and profit efficiencies of foreign-owned and private-owned banks (foreign and domestic) compared to state-owned domestic banks. Other findings of this study show that ownership concentration (block-holding) has adverse effects for profit and cost efficiencies of banks.

  • 49.
    Omer, Talha
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Department of Statistics and Computer Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
    Sjölander, Pär
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Statistics.
    Månsson, Kristofer
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Statistics.
    Kibria, B. M. Golam
    Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States.
    Improved estimators for the zero-inflated Poisson regression model in the presence of multicollinearity: simulation and application of maternal death data2021In: Communications in Statistics Case Studies Data Analysis and Applications, ISSN 2373-7484, Vol. 7, no 3, p. 394-412Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this article, we propose Liu-type shrinkage estimators for the zero-inflated Poisson regression (ZIPR) model in the presence of multicollinearity. Our new approach is a remedy to the problem of inflated variances for the ML estimation technique—which is a standard approach to estimate these types of count data models. When the data are in the form of non-negative integers with a surplus of zeros it induces overdispersion in the dependent variable. Considerable multicollinearity is frequently observed, but usually disregarded, for these types of data sets. Based on a Monte Carlo study we illustrate that our proposed estimators exhibit better MSE and MAE than the usual ML estimator and some other Liu estimators in the presence of multicollinearity. To demonstrate the advantages and the empirical relevance of our improved estimators, maternal death data are analyzed and the results illustrate similar benefits as is demonstrated in our simulation study.

  • 50.
    Qasim, Muhammad
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Jonkoping Univ, Jonkoping Int Business Sch, Dept Econ Finance & Stat, Jonkoping, Sweden..
    Akram, Muhammad Nauman
    Univ Sargodha, Dept Stat, Sargodha, Pakistan..
    Amin, Muhammad
    Univ Sargodha, Dept Stat, Sargodha, Pakistan..
    Månsson, Kristofer
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Statistics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE).
    A restricted gamma ridge regression estimator combining the gamma ridge regression and the restricted maximum likelihood methods of estimation2022In: Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, ISSN 0094-9655, E-ISSN 1563-5163, Vol. 92, no 8, p. 1696-1713Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this article, we propose a restricted gamma ridge regression estimator (RGRRE) by combining the gamma ridge regression (GRR) and restricted maximum likelihood estimator (RMLE) to combat multicollinearity problem for estimating the parameter beta in the gamma regression model. The properties of the new estimator are discussed, and its superiority over the GRR, RMLE and traditional maximum likelihood estimator is theoretically analysed under different conditions. We also suggest some estimating methods to find the optimal value of the shrinkage parameter. A Monte Carlo simulation study is conducted to judge the performance of the proposed estimator. Finally, an empirical application is analysed to show the benefit of RGRRE over the existing estimators.

12 1 - 50 of 57
CiteExportLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf