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Elevers strategier vid lösning av aritmetiska flertalsuppgifter: En kvalitativ studie som undersöker elevers val av strategier vid beräkning av uttryck med tre eller fler tal
Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Practice Based Educational Research, Mathematics Education Research.
2025 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Students ́ Strategies for Solving Multi-Term Arithmetic Problems : A Qualitative Study of Students’ Choice of Strategies in Calculating Expressions with Three or More Terms. (English)
Abstract [sv]

Denna uppsats behandlar hur elever i årskurs 6 utför flertalsuppgifter som är manipulerade på sådant sätt att associativitet ska vara en enklare beräkningsstrategi. Associativitet är en av grundläggande del av aritmetik och matematik då det behandlar räknesättens egenskaper och ligger till grund för mer komplex matematik som algebra (Eaves et al., 2021)

Uppsatsen innehåller både arbetsblad och uppföljande samtal med elever för att både urskilja vilka strategier som används och låta eleverna resonera om hur och varför de valt sin strategi. 27 elever deltog i enkäten och som sedan kategoriserades i tre kategorier baserat på deras användning av associativitet: (1) elever som inte använt associativitet, (2) elever som använt associativitet i enstaka uppgifter eller använt andra räknelagar och kategori 3) elever som använt associativitet vid flera tillfällen. Tre samtal genomfördes från de tre olika kategorierna.  

Studien kan konstatera att två strategier var vanligast och ingen av dem var associativitet trots uppgifternas manipulation. Resultatet ska ses som en större förståelse av elevernas val av strategier och inte som ett generellt resultat för andra årskurs 6 elever.

Abstract [en]

This paper explores how Year 6 students solve arithmetic problems involving three or more numbers, specifically designed to promote the use of the associative property as an efficient calculation strategy. Associativity is an essential concept in arithmetic and serves as a foundation for more advanced mathematics as algebra (Eaves et al., 2021). The research combines quantitative data from a questionnaire with qualitative insights from students over conversations to identify which strategies are used, and why students choose them.  

A total of 27 student participated in the questionnaire, and their answers were categorized into three groups based of their use of associativity: (1) students who did not use associativitety, (2) student who used associativity in a few cases or applied other arithmetic properties, and (3) students who used associativity in multiple occasions. Three students from each group were selected to participate in follow-up conversation, providing further insight into their reasoning on their strategy choice.

The results show that two main strategies were most frequently used- neither of which involved the associative property, despite the problems being structured to promote its use. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of these students ‘strategic thinking in arithmetic and the challenges they face in recognizing and applying mathematical properties and not as generic result for other Year 6 students.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. , p. 32
Keywords [sv]
Matematik, associativitet, aritmetik, flertalsuppgifter och matematiska strategier.
National Category
Mathematical sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-69961OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hj-69961DiVA, id: diva2:2008054
Subject / course
HLK, Mathematics for teaching and learning
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Available from: 2025-11-05 Created: 2025-10-21 Last updated: 2025-11-05Bibliographically approved

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