Purpose - This study investigates forms of waste in the goods receiving process at a manually operated central warehouse. It explores how theories from Lean, the Theory of Constraints (TOC), and warehouse operations can be applied to understand inefficiencies and support improvement efforts. Method - A qualitative case study was conducted using three structured observations and four semi-structured interviews. The material was thematically analyzed using a primarily deductive analytical framework, with inductive elements, grounded in relevant logistics theory. Findings - Six central themes were identified: unclear roles and staffing, physical space limitations, poor communication, vague prioritization principles, fragmented local improvements, and lack of forward planning. These themes were linked to Lean waste categories and analyzed through TOC and warehouse layout principles. Implications - The study demonstrates that operational improvements are possible even in low-tech environments. By systematically analyzing internal logistics processes, waste can be addressed using context-adapted frameworks. The findings provide guidance for similar organizations aiming to improve efficiency without advanced automation. Limitations - As a single-case study, the results are context-specific and not statistically generalized. The absence of quantitative process metrics limits objective comparison, and results should be interpreted within the scope of qualitative research. Keywords - goods receiving, waste, Lean, Theory of Constraints, warehouse operations, qualitative case study, process efficiency.