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Analys av böjhållfastheten och elasticitetsmodul hos limträbalk av kombinerat gran- och björkvirke
Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Construction Engineering and Lighting Science.
Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Construction Engineering and Lighting Science.
2025 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Analysis of bending strength and modulus of elasticity of glulam beams made of combined spruce and birch timber (English)
Abstract [en]

Introduction – The availability of timber in Sweden has changed over the last few decades. The proportion of deciduous forest, particularly birch has increased, bus despite this change has coniferous trees remain the primary source of harvested timber. To utilize Sweden’s timber resources more efficiently, the construction sector needs to explore alternative wood species. A more balanced harvesting of different types of timber would benefit biodiversity through a more varied forest composition.

The purpose of this study is to investigate glulam beams made from a combination of spruce and birch timber. The collected data on the bending strength and modulus of elasticity will be compared with corresponding values for glulam beams made solely from spruce.

Method – The study’s objectives will be addressed with experiment in the form of a four-point bending tests. The experiment produces values for bending strength as well as local and global modulus of elasticity. The four-point test is supplemented with measurements of both wet and dry density.

Results – The test beams made from a combination of spruce and birch showed, on average 50,7 % higher bending strength and 14,9 % higher modulus of elasticity compared to the control beams made solely of spruce. The test beams also had a 18,2 % higher density than the control beams.

Analysis – The analysis of the experiments show that the test beams withstand higher loads and generally exhibit stiffer properties than the control beam. This demonstrates that a combination of spruce and birch wood improves the mechanical properties of a glued laminated beam.

Discussion – The results indicate that combining different types of wood in glulam beams can enhance its load-bearing capacity. However, shortcomings in the manufacturing process and the limited number of test pieces affect the reliability of the results. Despite this, the findings suggest that birch has the potential to be used in construction, provided that the production process is improved.

Abstract [sv]

Introduktion – Tillgången på virke i Sverige har förändrats de senaste decennierna. Andelen lövskog, särskilt björk, har ökat men trots denna förändring är barrträd fortsatt det främsta virket som avverkas. För att utnyttja det Svenska virkesförrådet mer effektivt behöver byggbranschen undersöka möjligheten att nyttja alternativa träslag. En mer varierad skogssammansättning gynnar den biologiska mångfalden.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka mekaniska egenskaper hos limträbalkar tillverkade av kombinerat gran- och björkvirke (testbalk) i jämförelse med motsvarande limträbalk tillverkad av enbart gran (kontrollbalk).

Metod – Studiens mål förväntas att besvaras med experiment i form av ett fyrpunktstest. Experimentet genererar värden för böjhållfasthet samt lokal och global elasticitetsmodul. Fyrpunktstestet kompletteras med mätning av både våt och torrdensitet.

Resultat – Testbalkarna med kombinerat gran- och björkvirke visade i genomsnitt 50,7 % högre böjhållfasthet och 14,9 % högre lokal och global elasticitetsmodul jämfört med kontrollbalkarna tillverkade av enbart gran. Testbalkarna har 18,2 % högre densitet än kontrollbalkarna.Analys – Utförd analys av experiment visar på att testbalkarna klarar av en högre belastning och har generellt styvare egenskaper än kontrollbalkarna. Detta klargör att en kombination av gran- och björkvirke ger förbättrade mekaniska egenskaper i en limträbalk.

Diskussion – Resultaten indikerar att kombinera olika träslag i limträbalkar kan öka kapaciteten. Brister i tillverkningen och begränsning av antalet provkroppar påverkar resultatets tillförlitlighet. Trots detta visar studien potential att använda björkvirke i bärande konstruktioner, om tillverkningsprocessen förbättras.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. , p. 38
Keywords [en]
Bending strength, Birch timber, Composite Timber, Density, Modulus of elasticity, Glue-laminated beam, Spruce timber
Keywords [sv]
Björkvirke, Böjhållfasthet, Densitet, Elasticitetsmodul, Granvirke, Kombinerat virke, Limträbalk
National Category
Building materials Structural Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-69490OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hj-69490DiVA, id: diva2:1989504
External cooperation
RISE AB; CMB Chalmers
Subject / course
JTH, Civil Engineering
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2025-08-19 Created: 2025-08-17 Last updated: 2025-10-13Bibliographically approved

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