Digital self-service systems have become central to modern society, yet time-

pressured tasks such as online ticket booking often impose high cognitive demands on

users. For individuals with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), who

may experience challenges related to executive functions and working memory, these

environments can be particularly demanding and stressful. This thesis investigates

how the design of microinteractions, small functional elements such as visual

feedback, animations, and guiding cues, influences task performance and user

experience for neurodivergent users under time pressure.

Using an experimental within-subject design, 10 participants with a formal ADHD

diagnosis completed booking tasks using two interactive prototypes. Version A

included enhanced microinteractions, such as real-time feedback, subtle animations,

and a guiding mascot, while Version B functioned as a standard control interface

without microinteraction support. Data was collected through objective performance

metrics, specifically task completion time and error rates, as well as subjective

measures of perceived stress, cognitive load, and usability using 7-point Likert-scale

questionnaires.

The results show that Version A led to faster task completion times and a lower

number of errors compared to the control condition. Furthermore, participants

reported lower levels of perceived stress and cognitive load, alongside higher usability

ratings when interacting with the enhanced interface. These findings suggest that

microinteractions function as external cognitive support mechanisms that reduce

extraneous cognitive load and improve both efficiency and user experience in time-

pressured digital environments.

This study contributes to the field of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) by

identifying how specific interface design elements can support neurodivergent users

in commercial, time-sensitive contexts. The findings highlight the importance of

moving beyond neurotypical user assumptions and emphasize the role of

microinteractions in creating more inclusive and accessible digital systems.

Keywords: ADHD, Microinteractions, Cognitive Load, User Experience (UX), Time

Pressure, Digital Self-Service, Inclusive Design, Human-Computer Interaction.