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Patienters upplevelser av egenvård vid diabetes mellitus typ 2: Litteraturöversikt med kvalitativ ansats
Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Department of Nursing Science.
Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare.
Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare.
2025 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Patients’ Experiences of Self-Care in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus : A Qualitative Literature Review (English)
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: Diabetes mellitus typ 2 (DMT2) är en progressiv kronisk sjukdom vars prevalens ökar globalt. Egenvård är en central del i behandlingen av DMT2 och syftar till att förebygga komplikationer samt främja hälsa. Egenvård innefattar blodsockerkontroll, medicinhantering samt livsstilsförändringar såsom kost och fysisk aktivitet. Sjuksköterskan har en nyckelroll i att stödja, motivera och utbilda patienten i deras egenvård samt främja patienterna självständighet i sjukdomshantering. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturöversikten var att beskriva patienters upplevelse av egenvård vid diabetes mellitus typ 2. Metod: En litteraturöversikt med kvalitativ metod och induktiv ansats. Artikelsökning utfördes i databaserna CINAHL och PubMed, vilket resulterande i 14 resultatartiklar. Dataanalys genomfördes enligt Fribergs femstegsmodell (2022a). Resultat: Resultat presenterades i två huvudteman, Utmaningaroch Främjande aspekter i vardagen med respektive subtema. Under den första temat framkom subteman som Begränsningar i vardagen, Svårigheter med kostanpassning samt Avsaknad av stöd från vårdpersonal. Det andra teman belyste subteman Stöd som drivkraft och Livsstilsförändringar ökade livskvalitet. Slutsats: Litteraturöversikten belyser flera aspekter som påverkar egenvård vid DMT2, där olika hinder och begränsningar försvårade följsamheten medan stöd och livsstilsförändringar främjade livskvaliteten hos patienter. Denna kunskap kan stödja sjuksköterskor i att förbättra egenvård samt främja både hälsa och livskvalitet hos patienter med DMT2. 

Abstract [en]

Background: Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) is a chronic and progressive condition with an increasing prevalence worldwide. Self-care is essential in the management of Diabetes mellitus, with the aim of preventing complications and promoting health. Self-care includes blood glucose monitoring, medication management, and lifestyle changes such as diet and physical activity. Nurses play a critical role in supporting, motivating and educating patients, while also promoting patient autonomy in managing self-care. Aim: The aim of this literature review was to describe patients’ experiences of self-care with Diabetes mellitus type 2. Method: A literature review with a qualitative and inductive approach. Systematic research was performed in the databases CINAHL and PubMed, resulting in 14 articles. The data were analyzed using Friberg’s five-step model (2022a). Results: The findings were presented in two main themes: Challenges and Enabling aspects of daily life, each with their respective subthemes. Subthemes within the first theme included Everyday limitations, Difficulties with dietary adjustments, and Lack of support from healthcare professionals. The second theme highlighted the subthemes Support as a motivating factor and Lifestyle changes improved quality of life. Conclusion: The literature review highlights several aspects affecting self-care in type 2 diabetes, where various barriers and limitations hindered compliance, while support and lifestyle changes improved patients' quality of life. This knowledge can support nurses in enhancing self-care practices and in promoting both health and quality of life among patients living with DMT2. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. , p. 46
Keywords [en]
Chronic disease, Lifestyle changes, Patient perspective, Orems self-care theory
Keywords [sv]
Kronisk sjukdom, Livsstilsförändringar, Patientperspektiv, Orems egenvårdsteori.
National Category
Nursing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-67918OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hj-67918DiVA, id: diva2:1961836
Subject / course
HHJ, Nursing Science
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2025-06-05 Created: 2025-05-28 Last updated: 2025-06-05Bibliographically approved

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