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  • 1.
    Abrahamsson, Agneta
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare. University College of Kristianstad,Kristianstad.
    Lindmark, Ulrika
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. Centre for Oral Health. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. ADULT. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dept. of Natural Science and Biomedicine.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue). Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dept. of Rehabilitation.
    Sense of coherence of reindeer herders and other Samis in comparison to other Swedish citizens2013In: International Journal of Circumpolar Health, ISSN 1239-9736, E-ISSN 2242-3982, Vol. 72, p. -20633Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background. Samis are indigenous people in north Europe. In the territory called Sa´pmi (Lapland), reindeer herding is the traditional base for the Sami economy. The relation between living conditions and positive health of the Swedish Samis has been sparsely studied. As health is closely linked to sense of coherence (SOC), an understanding of the background factors to SOC may contribute knowledge that might be useful in promoting living conditions and health.

    Methods. The study examines relations between the level of SOC and background factors from surveys in a Sami population (n=613) in comparison to a non-Sami population (n=525) in Sweden, and in comparison between 2 subsamples of Samis, that is, herders and non-herders.

    Results. There are more similarities than differences between the Sami and non-Sami populations. However, dividing the Sami population, reindeer herders had significantly lower SOC, and in specific the subcomponent manageability, that is, less ability to use available resources to meet different demands in life, compared to non-herders.

    Conclusions. In addition to age and health, predictors of SOC are related to the life form of reindeer husbandry and the belonging to the herding community

  • 2.
    Ahlgren, Thorbjörn
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. CHILD. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue).
    Kalin, Torbjörn
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue).
    Gerdner, Arne
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue).
    Self-rated child maltreatment, behavioural problems, and contacts with welfare and police authorities–longitudinal community data [Barns självrapporterade övergrepp, försummelse och beteendeproblem samt kontakter med anmälningsskyldiga verksamheter – baserat på en longitudinell befolkningsstudie]2021In: European Journal of Social Work, ISSN 1369-1457, E-ISSN 1468-2664, Vol. 24, no 4, p. 642-656Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study examines how children report abuse, neglect and behavioural problems and what authorities they claim to have had contact with that are legally mandated to report to the Child Welfare Services, e.g. health services and police. It draws data from a longitudinal research programme, LoRDIA, in which four data collections followed adolescents’ development from 12 to 15 years (n = 1884). A total of 61 indicators of self-reported child abuse, neglect and behavioural problems were constructed to identify children with severe exposure so that each indicator would have prompted referral. The main finding is that 445 (25.3%) of the study population reported severe exposure of this magnitude. Among these self-reported severely exposed children (SSE), boys reported higher rates of child neglect and of overall behavioural problems, specifically criminal and other socially destructive behaviour. Poverty and living in single-parent households significantly increase the risk of abuse, neglect, and behavioural problems. Increased risk of neglect and criminal behaviour were found for children studying Swedish as second language. The SSE children more than other children report contact with all authorities with mandatory reporting. Odds ratios of contact were higher in the case of behavioural problems compared to the odds ratios for abuse and neglect.

  • 3.
    Ander, Birgitta
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Behavioural Science and Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue).
    Abrahamsson, Agneta
    Högskolan i Kristianstad.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue).
    Changing arenas of underage adolescent binge drinking in Swedish small towns2015In: Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, ISSN 1455-0725, E-ISSN 1458-6126, Vol. 32, no 4, p. 427-442Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIM – The study explores arenas of adolescent binge drinking in small Swedish towns and the meanings these have for young persons. The focus is thus on space and place, and on the geography of underage drinking.

    DESIGN – An ethnographic approach was used, including direct observations, document studies and contacts with youth workers on local and national levels, and interviews with 28 underage binge-drinking adolescents chosen as informants.

    FINDINGS – Adolescent binge drinkers seem to have moved away from street and other outdoor drinking arenas to home environments, where they feel they have more control over their party location and participants.

    CONCLUSIONS – One consequence of outdoor drinking moving indoors is that professional youth workers and police cannot enter party arenas and the only adults who can do so are the parents. This has implications for preventive alcohol strategies and outreach social work. Measures should be directed to parents to make them fully aware of the importance of the party location in their homes.

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  • 4.
    Ander, Birgitta
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Behavioural Science and Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue).
    Bergnéhr, Disa
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Behavioural Science and Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue).
    Fransson, Eleonor I.
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Natural Science and Biomedicine. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. ADULT. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. ARN-J (Aging Research Network - Jönköping).
    Gerdner, Arne
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Behavioural Science and Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue).
    Where and with whom – contexts of 15-year-olds’ drunkennessManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 5.
    Ander, Birgitta
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue).
    Fransson, Eleonor I.
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Natural Science and Biomedicine. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. ADULT. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. ARN-J (Aging Research Network - Jönköping).
    Bergnéhr, Disa
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue).
    Gerdner, Arne
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue).
    Onset of substance use among early adolescents in Sweden2020In: Journal of Social Work Practice in The Addictions, ISSN 1533-256X, Vol. 20, no 2, p. 105-121Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Problem: Early onset, prevalence, and predictors of substance use - tobacco, alcohol-drinking, alcohol-drunkenness, and drugs - were studied in 13 and 14-year-old boys and girls in Sweden.

    Methods: Self-reported data in four communities were used (n = 1,716). A large set of psychological and social factors were tried as predictors of early onset use (n = 1,459).

    Results: There were few gender differences and low prevalence. Primary predictor for early onset in tobacco use was availability; perceived parental approval for alcohol use, and delinquent behaviors for alcohol-drunkenness and drug use.

    Conclusions: Individual behavioral factors and parental norms seem to be most important in this age.

  • 6.
    Aronson, Olov
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue).
    Gerdner, Arne
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue).
    Youth centers, structured leisure activities, and friends of native and foreign origin: A two-wave longitudinal study2021In: Journal of Leisure Research, ISSN 0022-2216, E-ISSN 2159-6417, Vol. 52, no 3, p. 265-285Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The social integration of adolescents of foreign origin is of much importance to contemporary Swedish politics, and knowledge is needed about the associations between different forms of leisure and social integration. The present study tests the associations between visits to youth centers and participation in structured leisure activities, on the one hand, and having friends regardless of origin, of native origin, and of foreign origin, on the other. Two-wave longitudinal data from 203 adolescents of foreign origin were collected, including friendship nominations from 1,185 peers. Cross-lagged panel models were constructed, controlling for relevant confounders. Visits to youth centers positively predicted the number of friends of foreign origin, while participation in structured leisure activities positively predicted the number of friends regardless of origin. In conclusion, structured leisure activities appear better than youth centers for promoting the social integration of adolescents of foreign origin into networks of friends of different origins.

  • 7.
    Berglund, Kristina J.
    et al.
    Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg.
    Balldin, Jan
    Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry of the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg .
    Berggren, Ulf
    Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry of the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg .
    Gerdner, Arne
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue). Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Behavioural Science and Social Work.
    Fahlke, Claudia
    Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg .
    Childhood Maltreatment Affects the Serotonergic System in Male Alcohol-Dependent Individuals2013In: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, ISSN 0145-6008, E-ISSN 1530-0277, Vol. 37, no 5, p. 757-762Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Reduced central serotonergic neurotransmission has been demonstrated in individuals with excessive alcohol consumption and/or alcohol dependence. Childhood maltreatment has also been found to have a negative impact on central serotonergic neurotransmission. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of childhood maltreatment on central serotonergic dysfunction in alcohol-dependent individuals.

    Methods: Adult men with a diagnosis of alcohol dependence (n=18) were recruited from outpatient treatment units for alcoholism. Central serotonergic neurotransmission was assessed by a neuroendocrine method, that is, the prolactin (PRL) response to the selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitor citalopram. Childhood maltreatment was assessed retrospectively by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire.

    Results: Alcohol-dependent individuals with childhood experience of emotional abuse had significantly lower PRL response compared with those without such abuse (3 +/- 5 and 64 +/- 24mU/l, respectively; t=6.51, p<0.001). Among those who reported childhood emotional abuse, 4 of 7 individuals had flat PRL responses in comparison with none in those with no report of such abuse (p<0.01).

    Conclusions: This is the first study to show that self-reported childhood maltreatment, in particular emotional abuse, in male alcohol-dependent individuals is associated with a quite dramatic (more than 90%) reduction in central serotonergic neurotransmission. It should, however, be noted that the number of individuals is relatively small, and the results should therefore be considered as preliminary.

  • 8.
    Berglund, Kristina J.
    et al.
    Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Boson, Karin
    Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Psychology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway.
    Wennberg, Peter
    Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden; Department of Psychology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway; Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dept. of Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue).
    Impacts of alcohol consumption by mothers and fathers, parental monitoring, adolescent disclosure and novelty-seeking behaviour on the likelihood of alcohol use and inebriation among adolescents2022In: International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, ISSN 0267-3843, E-ISSN 2164-4527, Vol. 27, no 1, p. 582-596Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this prospective cohort study was to examine how alcohol consumption by mothers and fathers, parental monitoring (knowledge, control and solicitation), adolescent disclosure and novelty seeking were associated with the likelihood of alcohol use and inebriation among adolescents in three different age groups (13–14 years, 14–15 years, and 17 years). The results showed that alcohol consumption by parents is of significance for adolescent alcohol consumption (odds ratio mothers: 1.47 [1.17–1.84], odds ratio fathers 1.33 [1.08–1.65]) and inebriation, especially in the 17-year-old age group. The results showed that novelty seeking was a strong risk factor in all three age groups, while parental control and knowledge had no impact. This study shows that parental solicitation increased the odds at age 17 for alcohol consumption (2.64 [1.02–6.83]) and inebriation, while adolescent disclosure decreased the odds (0.18 [0.05–0.68]). In summary, the study shows that parents should be particularly attentive to adolescents with high novelty-seeking behaviour and that parental alcohol consumption influences adolescent alcohol habits.

  • 9.
    Blid, Mats
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete.
    Socially excluding housing support to homeless misusers: Two Swedish case-studies of category houses2006In: International Journal of Social Welfare, ISSN 1369-6866, E-ISSN 1468-2397, Vol. 15, no 2, p. 162-171Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article discusses special category housing for homeless addicts, based on case studies of two different housing programmes and using both qualitative and quantitative data. The staff and residents were interviewed about their experiences of the programmes. Longitudinal data were collected on various indicators of substance misuse and the frequency of contact with the social services at different levels. Our findings show that special category housing has positive direct effects on the housing stability of the residents and their feelings regarding their quality of life, but not on their substance misuse. However, the increased housing stability seems to be more a direct effect of their staying on the programme, rather than a long-term effect. Furthermore, although their quality of life improves, the residents still experience a lack of belonging and feel that their lives lack meaningful content. The choice of special category housing as an intervention model thus seems to perpetuate rather than prevent social exclusion and can possibly be described as an expression of ‘institutionalised resignation’.

  • 10.
    Blid, Mats
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete.
    Bergmark, Åke
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete.
    Prediction of homelsessness and housing provisions in Swedish municipalities2008In: European Journal of Housing Policy, ISSN 1461-6718, E-ISSN 1473-3269, Vol. 8, no 4, p. 399-421Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article explores key predictors of homelessness rates in different Swedish municipalities, the accommodation provided and the coverage of accommodation to homelessness. In order to create realistic models, seven sets of factors represent various structural levels in stepwise regressions. These sets are urbanisation, economy, demographic composition, housing market, aggregated individual problems, political majority and policies and organizational features of the social services. The findings show that urbanisation is central to understanding variations in homelessness and has also impact on housing provisions. In addition, higher rent levels as well as aggregated psychiatric problems seem to increase the level of problems. Overall supply of apartments and the proportion of public housing are important factors in providing accommodation, and a demographic factor, such as the proportion of single-parent households, seems to enhance such a provision. Political majority as well as the functional organization of the social services seems independently to impact coverage rates. Despite the importance of urbanisation, findings indicate that a number of factors with impact on the problem and on the possibilities to handle them are manageable by the municipalities.

  • 11.
    Borell, Klas
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Global Studies. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. Research Platform of Social Work.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Behavioural Science and Social Work.
    Cooperation or Isolation? Muslim Congregations in a Scandinavian Welfare State: A Nationally Representative Survey from Sweden2013In: Review of religious research, ISSN 0034-673X, E-ISSN 2211-4866, Vol. 55, no 4, p. 557-571Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the Scandinavian welfare context, the emphasis on cooperation between public authorities and the nonprofit sector continues to be a central institutional characteristic. But to what extent have the new Muslim congregations adapted to the Scandinavian tradition of organizational cooperation, and what circumstances - internal or external to these organizations - promote or disrupt the development of such cooperation? This study is based on a nationwide survey of local Muslim congregations in Sweden (n = 105). No support was found for the widespread notion that European Muslim congregations tend to exist as separate enclaves. The poweful discoursive emphasis on organizational cooperation in Scandinavia creates vital opportunity structures, but local variations in demographic and socioeconomic conditionsalso seems to have an impact. Among internal factors that influence willingness to cooperate is not least the degree of ethnic heterogeneity; openness to different Muslim traditions - a precondition for a multiethnic congregation - is seen to correspond to greater openness to the wider society.

  • 12.
    Borell, Klas
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Jönköping University, School of Health Science, HHJ. Research Platform of Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health Science, HHJ, Dep. of Behavioural Science and Social Work.
    Frivilligt socialt arbete i svenska muslimska församlingar: Tradition, organisation, integration.2011In: Socionomens forskningssupplement, ISSN 0283–1929, Vol. 29, no 1, p. 34-43Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [sv]

    Svenska muslimska församlingar är inte bara religiösa mötesplatser utan också centra för organiseringen av sociala välfärdsinsatser. I denna studie ges, för första gången i Västeuropa, en riksrepresentativ bild av muslimska församlingars frivilliga sociala arbete men också en analys av den roll sådana insatser spelar ur ett integrationsperspektiv. Bidrar muslimskt socialt arbete till att skapa inåtriktade parallellsamhällen eller bidrar det, tvärtom, till att skapa nya band till det omgivande samhället?

  • 13.
    Borell, Klas
    et al.
    Institutionen för socialt arbete, Mittuniversitetet.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue). Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Social Work.
    Hidden Voluntary Social Work: A Nationally Representative Survey of Muslim Congregations in Sweden2011In: British Journal of Social Work, ISSN 0045-3102, E-ISSN 1468-263X, Vol. 41, no 5, p. 968-979Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study is based on a nationwide survey of local Muslim congregations (n  =  105) and focuses on the patterns and function of voluntary social work carried out by the congregations. Muslim congregations in Sweden are not only religious meeting places, but also social meeting places and centres for the organisation of a broad range of social welfare services: outreach activities, support to newly arrived immigrants and activities for children and young people. The work is carried out on a voluntary basis at the intersection between the congregation and the community. Muslim voluntary social work appears to be most intensive in smaller municipalities with a large amount of unemployment. The dominant discourse on Islam in Europe has claimed that Muslim social work is part of an attempt to create self-sufficient enclaves that impede the integration of Muslim immigrants into the wider society. Claims of this type seem, however, to be largely unfounded. The Swedish Muslim congregations that carry out the most voluntary social work are those most interested in co-operation with other organisations and with authorities of different types and those that have the most positive experiences of the wider society.

  • 14.
    Borell, Klas
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbetet, Östersund.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue). Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Social Work.
    Motstånd och stöd: en studie av svenska muslimska församlingar2010In: Sociologisk forskning, ISSN 0038-0342, E-ISSN 2002-066X, Vol. 47, no 4, p. 31-43Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 15.
    Borell, Klas
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för humanvetenskap, Institutionen för socialt arbete.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Jönköping University, School of Health Science, HHJ. Research Platform of Social Work.
    NIMBY-forskningen: En kritisk granskning2001In: Socialt perspektiv, Vol. 80, no 3/4, p. 37-57Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 16.
    Borell, Klas
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbetet, Östersund.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Jönköping University, School of Health Science, HHJ. Research Platform of Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health Science, HHJ, Dep. of Behavioural Science and Social Work.
    Religion, etnicitet och organisation2010In: Invandrare & Minoriteter, ISSN 1404-6857, no 1, p. 13-17Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Flertalet muslimska samfund i Sverige är mångetniska mötesplatser för troende från olika kulturer och islamska traditioner. Församlingarna söker en gemensam andlig plattform och vägar för att utveckla nya organisationsformer.

  • 17.
    Borell, Klas
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbetet, Östersund.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Jönköping University, School of Health Science, HHJ. Research Platform of Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health Science, HHJ, Dep. of Behavioural Science and Social Work.
    Samverkan eller Isolering?: Svenska muslimska församlingar2011In: SSTs Årsbok 2011, Stockholm: SST, Nämnden för Statligt Stöd till Trossamfund , 2011, p. 13-16Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 18.
    Borell, Klas
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för humanvetenskap, Institutionen för socialt arbete.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för humanvetenskap, Institutionen för socialt arbete.
    Swedish Muslim Congregations: Summary of a Research Project2011Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Islam is the fastest growing religion in Western Europe today. As a consequence, the emergence and growth of Muslim religious congregations is one of the most important changes that have taken place within the European third (or voluntary) sector in the last 20 years. However, more often than not, these congregations are described as "enclaves" or "integration traps" isolating new citizens from the rest of society, a picture that has remained largely uncontested due to a lack of more extensive research.

  • 19.
    Borell, Klas
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbetet, Östersund.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue). Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Social Work.
    Sällström, Anna
    Nordlander, Johanna
    Lundkvist, Elisabeth
    Muslimska församlingar i lokalsamhället: Samverkan eller isolering?2011In: Socialvetenskaplig tidskrift, ISSN 1104-1420, E-ISSN 2003-5624, no 1, p. 63-77Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [sv]

    Muslimska församlingars riksomfattande etablering i Sverige är en viktig förändring inom den ideella sektorn. Men hur förhåller sig församlingarna till den svenska traditionen av samverkan mellan ideella och offentliga aktörer? I artikeln studeras hur och i vilken omfattning muslimska församlingar samverkar med offentliga aktörer och vilka organisationsinterna och organisationsexterna faktorer som gynnar respektive missgynnar samverkan.

  • 20.
    Carlsson, Emma
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Natural Science and Biomedicine.
    Magnusson, Anette
    Tompa, Andrea
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Natural Science and Biomedicine.
    Bülow, Per
    Gerdner, Arne
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Behavioural Science and Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. Research Platform of Social Work.
    Faresjö, Maria
    Psychological stress affects the numbers of circulating CD56+CD16+ and CD4+CD25+FoxP3+CD127- cells and induce an immune response towards type 1 diabetes-related autoantigens in young women2016Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 21.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Jönköping University, School of Health Science, HHJ. Research Platform of Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health Science, HHJ, Dep. of Behavioural Science and Social Work.
    Barndomens återkomst i behandling och forskning2011In: CTQ - Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, A Retrospective Self-Report: Manual, Svensk version / [ed] David P Bernstein & Laura Fink, Stockholm: Pearson Assessment and Information AB , 2011, p. 5-10Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 22.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete.
    Diagnosinstrument för beroende och missbruk - Granskning av ADDIS validitet och interna konsistens gällande alkoholproblem2009In: Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, ISSN 1455-0725, E-ISSN 1458-6126, Vol. 26, no 3, p. 265-276Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Swedish National Board on Health and Welfare recommends that structured assessment instruments should be used in medical as well as in social treatment of substance misusers. These should be validated in a Swedish context. Instruments for diagnoses of dependence/abuse (DSM-IV) and dependence/harmful use (ICD-10) have been used in Sweden for many years, although not yet validated in Swedish. ADDIS, the Swedish version of the American SUDDS, is used in four Nordic countries and the most often used diagnostic instrument in Sweden. This article investigates the psychometric properties of ADDIS alcohol module, including discriminant and construct validity and internal consistency. The two main constructs in DSM - dependence and abuse - as well as the seven criteria for dependence and the four criteria for abuse are studied. Further, the value of each of the 44 specific items in ADDIS for capturing these criteria is studied.

    Two samples are explored: 1) a clinical sample (n = 349; incl. 129 women) and 2) a sample of 400 men convicted for driving while intoxicated. Mean age was the same (41 ys.). Using discriminant analyses on lifetime prevalence, the items correctly classify 94% of the cases in the two samples. Using one-factor principal component analysis to explore homogeneity of the combined samples, all 28 items on dependence and 15 of 18 items on abuse have loadings above 0,40 (R2 dependence = 0,46; abuse = 0,40). Separate analyses of the two samples, as well as on women, show similar results. Cronbach's alpha is excellent for dependence and satisfactory for abuse in all analyses. Analyses of specific criteria show satisfactory results on dependence and acceptable on abuse. Minor revisions are proposed to make ADDIS more user-friendly and to improve some specific items.

    In conclusion: ADDIS has acceptable to excellent discriminant and construct validity as well as internal consistency and captures the specific criteria of DSM-IV. It has the preconditions for sensitive assessment of alcohol use disorders in men and women.

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  • 23.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. Research Platform of Social Work.
    Diagnosinstrument för substansberoende - MINI, SCID-I, eller ADDIS?2015In: Best Practice, ISSN 1329-1874, Vol. 6, no 23, p. 28-31Article in journal (Other academic)
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  • 24.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete.
    Eftervården eftersatt! En genomgång av studier om fortsatt vård efter LVM2004In: Alkohol & Narkotika, ISSN 0345-0732, Vol. 98, no 4, p. 17-20Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [sv]

    Hur fungerar eftervården efter LVM? I vilken omfattning finns den och vad har den för innehåll? Behövs den? Det är några frågor som berörs i denna artikel av Arne Gerdner, lektor i socialt arbete, Mitthögskolan, Östersund, som tidigare har presenterat många studier om LVM-vården och dess utfall. Ibland diskuteras under begreppet "eftervård" även andra viktiga stödåtgärder som handlar om boende, sysselsättning och försörjning etc. Andra har påvisat stora brister i dessa avseenden (se t.ex. Yohannes m.fl. 2002). Denna artikel koncentreras dock på frågan om eftervård i en snävare mening, dvs insatser som handlar om stöd, vård och behandling med fokus på att hantera missbruket.

  • 25.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue).
    Ethnic categorisation, identity and perceptions of life among Swedish Samis2021In: Ethnicities, ISSN 1468-7968, E-ISSN 1741-2706, Vol. 21, no 6, p. 1113-1139Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    To what extent do Swedish Samis identify their ethnicity as Sami, Swedish, or both? How do they meet various criteria for being allowed to register as voters to the Sami Parliament? What factors predict ethnicities? These questions are studied in randomised samples from the electoral roll for the Sami Parliament. Applying Berry’s model of acculturation, four types are constructed—separated, assimilated, integrated, and marginalised. The findings show that the integrated represent the great majority of Samis. The two groups who tend to choose one of the identities—Sami or Swedish—represent less than one third when combined and are about equal in size. Those marginalised with weak ethnic identities represent 2%. Although all meet the self-identification criterion of being Sami, few meet each of some ‘objective’ criteria, e.g. being involved in reindeer herding, having Sami as the home language or having parents or grandparents with Sami as the home language. The main predictors of a stronger Sami identity are cultural symbolic behaviours and heredity. The main negative predictor of a stronger Swedish identity among Samis is the use of cultural symbolic behaviours, and the main positive predictor is a positive estimate on the Swedish public opinion’s interest in Samis. The findings are discussed in relation to Sami debates on indigeneity.

  • 26.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för Socialt Arbete.
    Från "tvångologins" horisont: Forskning om tvångsvård vid tungt missbruk2008In: Från teori och randomisering till klinik: Festskrift till Mats Berglund / [ed] Jan Arlebrink, Lund: Lunds Universitet, Medicinska fakulteten , 2008, p. 233-252Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 27.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för Socialt Arbete.
    LVM-vårdens genomförande, utfall och efekt - En kontrollerad registerstudie i Jämtland2004In: Bilagedel till LVM-utredningens betänkande "Tvång och förändring": SOU 2004:3, Stockholm: Socialdepartementet & Fritzes Förlag , 2004, p. 415-476Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 28.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för Socialt Arbete.
    Missbrukarvårdens mål - framgångsfaktorer och hinder.2005In: Personer med tungt missbruk - Stimulans till bättre vård och behandling: SOU 2005:82, Stockholm: Socialdepartementet , 2005, p. 91-117Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 29.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Jönköping University, School of Health Science, HHJ. Research Platform of Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health Science, HHJ, Dep. of Behavioural Science and Social Work.
    Svenska muslimska församlingar - organisation, frivilligt socialt arbete och omvärldsrelationer2011Conference paper (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 30.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för Socialt Arbete.
    Tvångsvårdens utfall och effekt2005In: Tvångsvård vid missbruk: LVM i teori och praktik / [ed] Jan Arlebrink, Marianne Larsson Kronberg, Lund: Studentlitteratur , 2005, p. 217-254Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 31.
    Gerdner, Arne
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för Socialt Arbete.
    Utfall av LVM-vård - Översikt och syntes av hittillsvarande studier2004In: Bilagedel till LVM-utredningens betänkande "Tvång och förändring": SOU 2004:3, Stockholm: Socialdepartementet & Fritzes Förlag , 2004, p. 303-414Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 32.
    Gerdner, Arne
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete.
    Allgulander, Christer
    Dept of psychiatry, Karolinska Institute.
    Psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire - Short Form (CTQ-SF)2009In: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, ISSN 0803-9488, E-ISSN 1502-4725, Vol. 63, no 2, p. 160-170Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Childhood maltreatment is delicate to assess both in clinical work and in research. There is a need for assessment tools that can be easily administered in an ethical and non-intrusive way that meets requirements of conceptual validity for various types of maltreatment and is sensitive to levels of severity. This study explores the psychometric properties of the Swedish translation of one such tool—the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire—Short Form (CTQ-SF; Bernstein and Fink, 1998). The CTQ-SF was administered to seven samples (total n=659)—five clinical samples and two non-clinical student samples. The factor structure supports the construct validity of the global maltreatment scale, four of the five maltreatment subscales (emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse and emotional neglect) and the minimization/denial (MD) scale, but not the physical neglect (PN) subscale. All items are highly correlated with their respective subscale. The discriminant validity is satisfactory. Highly significant correlation with social desirability gives further support for the MD-scale and to the recommendation of how to apply it. Internal consistency of PN is acceptable and for all other scales satisfactory. Swedish norm groups tend to score lower than similar American norm groups on abuse scales but higher on the neglect scales. Percentiles for seven gender-specific norm groups are presented. The weaknesses of the PN-scale are discussed and new constructs are proposed. The Swedish version of the CTQ-SF has the same construct validity and internal consistency as the original, including less homogeneity of the PN scale.

  • 33.
    Gerdner, Arne
    et al.
    Avdelningen för klinisk alkoholforskning, Malmö, Lunds Universitet.
    Berglund, Mats
    Lunds universitet, Avdelningen för klinisk alkoholforskning, Malmö.
    Mortality of treated alcoholics after eight years in relation to  short-term outcome1997In: Alcohol and Alcoholism, ISSN 0735-0414, E-ISSN 1464-3502, Vol. 32, no 5, p. 573-579Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study concerns the relation between mortality and the short-term outcome of inpatient treatment for alcoholism. A total of 121 patients (87 men, 34 women) were included, of whom 89 were voluntary and 32 compulsorily committed. They had a mean age of 41±7 (SD) years and attended a 5-week programme at Runnagården, Örebro, Sweden. Most patients were socially unstable and severely alcohol-dependent. Ten months (mean) after discharge, 96% of the patients and their referring social workers were contacted with mail questionnaires. Of these patients, 13% had been totally abstinent and a further 42% improved but had had relapses. After a mean of 8.5±0.27 years, 27 patients (24%) had died. All abstainers survived, but non-abstainers had nine-fold higher mortality than expected. Non-abstinent improved women tended to survive longer than non-improved women, but among non-abstinent improved men no such tendency was found. In conclusion, a reduction in the frequency and quantity of abusive drinking was not enough to reduce the higher risk of death. Only abstinence seemed to be preventive.

  • 34.
    Gerdner, Arne
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Health Science, HHJ. Research Platform of Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health Science, HHJ, Dep. of Behavioural Science and Social Work.
    Berglund, Mats
    Lunds universitet.
    Tvångsvård vid missbruk – effekt och kvalitet2011In: SOU 2011:6; Missbruket, Kunskapen, Vården - Missbruksutredningens Forskningsbilaga: Delbetänkande av Missbruksutredningen, Stockholm: Socialdepartementet , 2011, p. 653-770Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 35.
    Gerdner, Arne
    et al.
    Avdelningen för klinisk alkoholforskning, Malmö, Lunds universitet.
    Bodin, Lennart
    Statistiska institutionen, Örebro Universitet.
    Berglund, Mats
    Lunds universitet, Avdelningen för klinisk alkoholforskning, Malmö.
    Söderfeldt, Björn
    Socialmedicinsk avdelning, Örebro Läns Landsting.
    Prediction of outcome in coerced and voluntarily treated alcoholics.1996In: Scandinavian Journal of Social Welfare, ISSN 0907-2055, Vol. 5, no 2, p. 106-112Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The study concerns multivariate prediction of the short-term outcome of alcoholism in a coercive treatment setting in Sweden. One hundred and twenty-one patients (87 men, 34 women) with a mean age of 41 (range 26–63) years attended a 5-week program. They were for the most part severely alcohol-dependent and socially unstable. Compulsorily committed patients (n-32) were less socially stable but did not differ from the voluntary patients (n=89) in the type of drugs abused. Nine months (mean) after treatment, a follow-up was performed by mailing questionnaires to the patients and to the referring social workers. The improvement data in the questionnaires were checked with other data. Data on alcohol abuse were available for 116 (96%) of the patients; 55% improved. Of these, 13% had remained entirely abstinent. Using multivariate logistic regression, participation in a self-help group and first-time admission were found to be significant factors for overall improvement, while having a family and more than primary education were significant for abstinence. Compulsory commitment to treatment was not related to the short-term drinking outcome. Undergoing voluntary treatment and having previous treatment experience were significant factors for participation in self-help groups.

  • 36.
    Gerdner, Arne
    et al.
    Runnagården, Örebro Läns Landsting.
    Bodin, Lennart
    Yrkesmedicinska enheten, Örebro Läns Landsting.
    Söderfeldt, Björn
    Socialmedicinsk avdelning, Örebro Läns Landsting.
    Minnesotamodellen på Runnagården - bakgrundsfaktorer och resultat1989In: Läkartidningen, ISSN 0023-7205, E-ISSN 1652-7518, Vol. 86, no 32-33, p. 2671-2674Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 37.
    Gerdner, Arne
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete.
    Borell, Klas
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbetet, Östersund.
    Neighborhood reactions toward facilities for residential care: A Swedish survey study2003In: Journal of Community Practice, ISSN 1070-5422, E-ISSN 1543-3706, Vol. 11, no 4, p. 59-79Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Although a substantial body of research on community hostility towards the establishment of human services facilities now exists, researchers as well as community practitioners have identified a need for a more naturalistic and systematic approach to the issue. As a step in that direction, this paper focuses on a nationally representative sample of facilities for residential care in Sweden, with the objective of identifying patterns of hostile NIMBY (Not In My Back Yard) reactions and institutional as well as community predictive factors. Approximately 16 percent of these facilities studied experienced NIMBY reactions. In contradiction to many previous studies, which try to explain the neighborhood reactions in terms of attitudes towards special client groups, the findings of this study indicate that the characteristics of the facility itself and of the community in which it is placed seem to be the most significant factors. The study suggests that there is also significant community support for the facilities and that interaction with the community can provide the facilities with positive resources.

  • 38.
    Gerdner, Arne
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för humanvetenskap, Institutionen för socialt arbete.
    Borell, Klas
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för humanvetenskap, Institutionen för socialt arbete.
    Hultman, L
    Neighbor reactions against institutions for residence and care: A survey study on Swedish experiences : Presentation (by Arne Gerdner) at the 45th Annual ICAA conference in Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, 8-13 December2002Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 39.
    Gerdner, Arne
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue).
    Carlson, Per
    Stockholm Centre on Health of Societies in Transition, School of Social Sciences, Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden.
    Health and living conditions of Samis compared with other citizens based on representative surveys in three Swedish regions2020In: International Journal of Social Welfare, ISSN 1369-6866, E-ISSN 1468-2397, Vol. 29, no 3, p. 255-269Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This is the first general health survey of Samis compared with other Swedes to be based on randomised samples. In three regions, Samis were compared with respondents to the Public Health Investigation (n = 613 Samis and 6,309 respondents). Samis were also compared as to gender and membership in reindeer-herding Sami villages (SVs). The survey shows that Samis of today have better education, work situation and health, and a healthier lifestyle than other Swedish citizens living in the same regions. There are, however, great differences among the Samis themselves. Members of SVs have weaker finances, and they report having less societal trust and worse health than non-members do. Male members have lower education, are less involved in social activities and report worse overall health, but do not have a higher incidence of psychiatric problems, than other Samis. Samis, in general, have similar or better health and social situation than non-Samis, but male SV-members face greater problems and higher risks than other Samis.

    Key Practitioner Message: Health and welfare authorities in cooperation with the Sami parliament and the Sami villages should develop special strategies to assist the herding communities in culturally sensitive ways. 

  • 40.
    Gerdner, Arne
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Health Science, HHJ. Research Platform of Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health Science, HHJ, Dep. of Behavioural Science and Social Work.
    Carlson, Per
    Mid Sweden University.
    Abrahamsson, Agneta
    Jönköping University.
    Health and living conditions of Samis compared to other citizens based on representative surveys in three Swedish regions2012In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, ISSN 1403-4948, E-ISSN 1651-1905, ISSN ISSN 1403-4948Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 41.
    Gerdner, Arne
    et al.
    Avdelningen för klinisk alkoholforskning, Malmö, Lunds universitet.
    Furuholm, Per-Eric
    Runnagården, Örebro.
    Berglund, Mats
    Lunds universitet, Avdelningen för klinisk alkoholforskning, Malmö.
    Abscondance and length of treatment in locked wards for compulsorily committed alcoholics in relation to treatment program and legal changes1997In: Scandinavian Journal of Social Welfare, ISSN 0907-2055, Vol. 6, no 4, p. 310-316Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Describes a study of alcoholics compulsorily committed to a locked ward in a coercive treatment setting in Sweden. Finds that the introduction of an Alcoholics Anonymous - oriented programme in a coercive treatment setting reduced the time spent on a locked ward without increasing the number of times patients absconded. Increase in length of coercion increased both the time spent at the locked ward and the number of times absconded.

  • 42.
    Gerdner, Arne
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dept. of Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue).
    Hakansson, Anders
    Lund Univ, Dept Med Sci Lund, Psychiat, Lund, Sweden..
    Prevalence and comorbidity in a Swedish adolescent community samplegambling, gaming, substance use, and other psychiatric disorders: gambling, gaming, substance use, and other psychiatric disorders2022In: BMC Psychiatry, E-ISSN 1471-244X, Vol. 22, no 1, article id 594Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background This study investigates a broad spectrum of psychiatric disorders, substance use disorders, gambling, and internet gaming disorders in Swedish 18-year-old boys and girls with the aim of estimating the prevalence of disorders and comorbidity. Methods We used a two-phase design with screening to detect candidates for clinical interviews. Screening included 949 adolescents (55.6% girls), out of which 758 adolescents (57.0% girls) were selected for interview with at least one of four instruments: M.I.N.I., ADDIS, NODS and IGDS. Of these, 387 (61.2% girls) were interviewed. Gender separated prevalence was estimated on the assumption that those selected but not interviewed had the same distribution as those interviewed based on similar outcomes above screening cut-offs. Comorbidity between types of disorders was estimated on similar assumptions. In addition, comorbidity between dyads of the ten most common specified disorders was calculated based on recorded data without these assumptions. Results We estimated that 14.6% met the criteria of a substance use disorder (SUD), mostly concerning alcohol and more frequent in girls than in boys. Those meeting the criteria lifetime of at least one of 16 other psychiatric disorders were 26.7%, more than twice as frequent in girls compared to boys, and with depression being the most common disorder. Gambling and gaming disorders were found almost exclusively in boys, of which 5.8% met the criteria for gambling, and 2.3% for gaming disorders. Of girls with a SUD, 40% also had a psychiatric disorder, while on the other hand more than 28% of girls with a psychiatric disorder also had a SUD. In boys with a SUD, 22% had another psychiatric disorder, while 15% of those with a psychiatric disorder also had a SUD. Conclusions Psychiatric comorbidity is common in SUDs in adolescents, which calls for screening and diagnostic efforts in young patients presenting with symptoms of SUDs. Girls with SUDs are at higher risk of also suffering from psychiatric conditions. Gambling and gaming disorders appear in a substantial minority of adolescents and warrant further study of their comorbidity. Since prevalences and comorbidity were estimated on the assumptions mentioned, some caution in interpreting the results is needed.

  • 43.
    Gerdner, Arne
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete.
    Holmberg, Anders
    Örebro Universitet.
    Factors affecting motivation to treatment in severely dependent alcoholics.2000In: Journal of Studies on Alcohol, ISSN 0096-882X, E-ISSN 1934-2683, Vol. 61, no 4, p. 548-560Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE:

    This article explores environmental, developmental and personality-related factors as predictors of motivation to treatment for alcoholism, using such concepts as: social situation on admission, treatment career, age, education and adventurous patterns of behavior.

    METHOD:

    The original population consists of 603 severely dependent alcoholic patients (76% men, 42% compulsorily committed) with a mean age of 40 years. In structural equation model estimation, 85% of the original cases were used (N = 511), made up of compulsorily as well as voluntarily admitted patients. A reduced model was tried on voluntary patients alone.

    RESULTS:

    In the main model, patterns of behavior and age were not related to the motivation to treatment, while treatment career had some negative impact. Social problems were related to less motivation to treatment. In turn, a worse social situation was related to more treatment experience. The reduced model on voluntary patients alone confirmed the main findings, although more previous treatment tended to be related to more motivation.

    CONCLUSIONS:

    Motivation was mostly related to a better social situation (i.e., having "more to lose"). A collapse in the social situation was more of an obstacle than a promoter of motivation. There was no support for statements that "maturing out" would result in more motivation, and findings were inconclusive concerning the impact on motivation of having had many previous treatment experiences. The pattern of behavior was not directly related to the level of motivation. Based on these findings, the relevance of social work for motivation to treatment is discussed.

  • 44.
    Gerdner, Arne
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för humanvetenskap, Institutionen för socialt arbete.
    Hultman, Lill
    Borell, Klas
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för humanvetenskap, Institutionen för socialt arbete.
    Grannreaktioner mot Hem för vård och boende: Några resultat från en enkätstudie2001In: Socialt perspektiv, ISSN 1102-2973, Vol. 80, no 3/4, p. 37-57Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 45.
    Gerdner, Arne
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. Research Platform of Social Work.
    Kestenberg, Jenny
    Clinic of Psychiatry, NU Hospital Group, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden.
    Mattias, Edvinsson
    Clinic of Psychiatry, NU Hospital Group, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden.
    Validity of the Swedish SCID and ADDIS diagnostic interviews for substance use disorders: Sensitivity and specificity compared with a LEAD golden standard2015In: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, ISSN 0803-9488, E-ISSN 1502-4725, Vol. 69, no 1, p. 48-56Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: The study explores agreement on diagnoses and diagnostic criteria for substance use disorders between two structured assessment interviews, the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV (SCID) and the Alkohol/Drog Diagnos InStrument (ADDIS). Both interviews are compared with a golden standard (GS), based on a LEAD model (Longitudinal, Expert, All Data). Method: Patients were interviewed concerning substance use problems by trained interviewers using SCID and ADDIS separately and blind to each other's results. SCID and ADDIS interviews were compared with each other, and both were compared with a GS. Results: Satisfactory agreement exists between SCID and ADDIS on criteria as well as final diagnostic suggestions, although ADDIS tended to propose dependence diagnoses somewhat more often than SCID. Agreement between SCID and GS is moderate. Sensitivity of SCID is satisfactory, as is specificity for lifetime diagnoses, while specificity for current diagnoses is perfect. ADDIS demonstrates substantial to perfect agreement with GS on dependence diagnoses and moderate agreement on abuse diagnoses (both lifetime and current), as well as showing excellent to perfect overall sensitivity and specificity. Both instruments are in almost perfect agreement with the GS on severity ratings. Conclusion: Both ADDIS and SCID can be used to ensure good standards in the diagnostic assessment of substance use disorders (both alcohol and drugs), with and without psychiatric comorbidity. Significant outcomes. Both SCID and ADDIS are in good agreement with the GS based on a LEAD model concerning substance use disorders.

  • 46.
    Gerdner, Arne
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete.
    Nordlander, Torsten
    Karlstad Universitet, Institutionen för psykologi.
    Pedersen, Therese
    Örebro Universitet.
    Personality factors and drug of choice in female addicts with psychiatric comorbidity2001In: Substance Use & Misuse, ISSN 1082-6084, E-ISSN 1532-2491, Vol. 37, no 1, p. 1-18Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Female addicts (N= 108) with a mean age of 37.2 were tested using the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) in 1996-97. In a representative sub-sample (N = 49) assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview. DSMIIIr (SCID), 82% manifested an axis-1-syndrome (lifetime), and 53% a personality disorder. Of the 108 addicts, 42 preferred alcohol, 14 heroin, 33 amphetamines, and 19 benzodiazepines. Maturity was low, but there were no differences in maturity between drug preference groups. Results indicated that those less mature were more "novelty-seeking" and "harm-avoidant", while those maturer tended to be more persistent. Less mature persons answered less consistently. They agreed more with different items and their answers were more rare when compared to the general population. Heroin addicts were less sentimental and helpful and more aware of their own resources. Benzodiazepine and amphetamine addicts were more self-transcendent and self-forgetful. Among the relatively more mature, benzodiazepine addicts scored higher than heroin and alcohol addicts on "true" and rare answers. In conclusion, maturity and the drug of choice among female addicts were related to different TCI scales.

  • 47.
    Gerdner, Arne
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Department of Social Work. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. SALVE (Social challenges, Actors, Living conditions, reseach VEnue).
    Skårner, Anette
    University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Holmberg, Stig C.
    C8Labs, Stugun, Sweden.
    Håkansson, Anita
    C8Labs, Stugun, Sweden.
    Validation of MAP-NET — A network analysis tool2018In: Cogent Psychology, E-ISSN 2331-1908, Vol. 5, no 1, article id 1553654Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    MAP-NET (Measure and Analysis of Personal NETwork) is a computerised instrument for assessment of the personal networks of persons with substance use disorders and related problems, with information on individual, relational and structural levels, designed to give immediate feedback to be used in clinical interviews, and to provide relevant measures for research. The study investigates its validity and reliability, by using a combination of validation strategies including factor analysis and internal consistency of scales, convergent and predictive validity, sensitivity to social desirability and agreement with collateral interviews. The scales demonstrate satisfactory construct validity and acceptable to excellent internal consistency and convergent and predictive validity with relevant other scales. There is low sensitivity to social desirability and other bias. There is substantial agreement with collateral interviews on the most sensitive variables. Thus, MAP-NET has the qualities needed for clinical use and research.

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  • 48.
    Gerdner, Arne
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete.
    Svensson, Krister
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete.
    Predictors of gambling problems among male adolescents.2003In: International Journal of Social Welfare, ISSN 1369-6866, E-ISSN 1468-2397, Vol. 12, no 3, p. 182-192Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The study concerns prediction of gambling problems in 178 male adolescents (aged 16 and 18 years) who completed a questionnaire, which included the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), a version of the Temperament and Character Inventory and a number of questions concerning social background, emotional and life-style factors. About 27% of the boys gamble at least weekly. As many as 16% qualify as probable pathological gamblers according to the SOGS. Another 7% are at risk. None of the social background factors are related to severity of gambling problems. The only significant family factor is parental substance misuse. The optimal multivariate model predicts about 30% of the variance in gambling problems. The strongest factor is frequency of alcohol drinking. Several factors indicate a personality with problems in relations to others. Another factor indicates a dreamy personality. Unexpectedly, impulsiveness is not related to gambling. In conclusion, problem gambling among male adolescents is related to life-style and personality, especially in relation to others, but not to usual social background factors. Gamblers are asocial rather than impulsive. The nature of this finding should be further explored, since an asocial personality may point at genetics as well as to early social influences, as may the finding on the relation between gambling and parental drinking.

  • 49.
    Gerdner, Arne
    et al.
    Avdelningen för Klinisk Alkoholforskning, Malmö, Lunds Universitet.
    Söderfeldt, Björn
    Socialmedicinsk avdelning, Örebro Läns Landsting.
    Alkoholism som sjukdom1993In: Nordisk Alkoholtidskrift, ISSN 0789-6069, Vol. 10, no 3, p. 133-144Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 50.
    Gerdner, Arne
    et al.
    Avdelningen för klinisk alkoholforskning, Malmö, Lunds universitet.
    Söderfeldt, Björn
    Socialmedicinsk avdelning, Örebro Läns Landsting.
    Explaining inconsistancy between patient and collateral: Validity in outcome studies of coercive alcoholism treatment1996In: Scandinavian Journal of Social Welfare, ISSN 0907-2055, Vol. 5, no 1, p. 12-18Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study aims to assess the consistency of replies to questionnaires mailed to patients and two kinds of collaterals, i.e., social workers and significant others, at a public treatment center with socially unstable and compulsory committed patients. It compares the quantity and kind of discrepancies between replies by patients and collaterals on outcome data concerning social situation and drinking habits. It aims to measure the amount of systematic bias among factors that may explain inconsistencies between reports, especially the factors compulsory commitment, worse outcome, frequency of contact and type of collateral. The responders generally agreed. Variables in which there was less agreement were explored in logistic regressions using ten explanatory variables. Significant relations did not exceed those expected by chance. Discrepancies were not systematic in size and kind. On a six-rank ordinal scale of alcohol use or abuse, however, patients tended to underestimate the extent of their abuse. Inconsistencies here concerned the degree but not the presence of abuse. No difference in consistency due to type of collateral was found. In conclusion, the consistency of the questionnaires was high and independent of the social situation of the patient, of compulsory commitment and of other background or treatment factors, as well as of treatment outcome and type of collateral.

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