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  • 1.
    Abadi, Farah
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Jacobs, Viktor
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Det optimala intranätet: Fallstudie i hur intranätet för ett utbildningsföretag bör utvecklas utifrån ett medarbetarperspektiv2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In a society like ours we are in need for effective internal communication. Distance will no longer be a problem in order to inform and communicate with all employees within a company. The daily communication previously been eye to eye is now replaced by an equivalent virtual communication.

    This study aims to investigate the ideal image of an intranet based on the needs of employees in the John Bauer Organization. What features are requested by the employees and should all of the information and communication take place via an intranet? What other channels in addition to intranet should there be according to the employees?

    Focus groups have been chosen as the interview method with employees from John Bauer Organization. A content analysis has been done to obtain trends and opinions among the employees.

    Findings of the survey show that there should be an integrated system which only requires one login to access all programs. Empowerment over their own intranet page is also requested, in which employees want to be able to choose the information they want to read. In addition to an intranet, employees also felt that there should be continuous newsletters from leadership and management. In addition, employees expressed the view that there should also be a staff magazine for increasing the "we-feeling" in John Bauer Organization. All the employees interviewed felt that the physical meeting was an important element for the exchange of ideas and understanding among the staff.

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  • 2.
    Abalo, Ernesto
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Between facts and ambiguity: Discourses on medical cannabis in Swedish newspapers2021In: Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, ISSN 1455-0725, E-ISSN 1458-6126, Vol. 38, no 4, p. 345-360Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim: This study examines the discursive construction of medical cannabis in Swedish newspapers, with the aim of understanding how the news media recontextualise the medical potential of cannabis.

    Design: The study is centred on the concept of recontextualisation, which focuses on how discourses are reinterpreted and reshaped when moving from one context to another, with a special focus on recontextualisation in relation to the media. Methodologically, the study uses critical discourse analysis to qualitatively analyse 134 articles of different subgenres, published in four Swedish newspapers between 2015 and 2020.

    Results: The study shows that medical cannabis is constructed around myriad topics and contexts, ranging from news that focuses on the medical potential of cannabis to articles where medical cannabis is mentioned in passing and constructed in a more abstract form. The media have difficulties retaining a conceptual boundary between medical and recreational cannabis. Moreover, the study shows that the medical potential of cannabis is discursively constructed using three different discourses: patient discourse, strong science discourse, and weak science discourse.

    Conclusions: The study suggests that there is a widening of the debate on cannabis in the Swedish public sphere, giving more recognition to the potential medical use of cannabis. The media, however, show difficulties in refining discourses on medical cannabis, which results in an altering between constructions that are strongly connected to science, and those that are not.

  • 3.
    Abalo, Ernesto
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    "Fotbollsplanen kan vara en tickande miljöbomb": Om konstruktionen av risk och expertis i svenska nyhetsmediers rapportering om konstgräs som miljöfråga2019Report (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study examines hos Swedish news media recontextualize knowledge about the effects of artificial turfs on the environment, and how they create expert voices about this. The purpose with this endeavor is to deepen the understanding about how the news media negotiate and create expert knowledge about environmental questions and environmental risks. Items from nine Swedish news media are analyzed using critical discourse analysis. The results show that the construction of artificial turfs as an environmental risk is central in the reporting, especially the risk of spreading microplastics in the water. At times, constructions of this kind take the form of alarmism. At the heart of the construction of risk, and central for constructing expert knowledge on the matter, is a report ordered by a government agency, which names artificial turfs as the second biggest source of microplastics. The media show difficulties in problematizing this report, which at times leads to the determination of the negative environmental effects of artificial turfs, but also to constructions of uncertainty. Moreover, the strategy of scientification is important for both constructing artificial turfs as an environmental risk and to offsetting such discourses. The media also show difficulties in handling scientific uncertainty, which sometimes is used to underscore the environmental risk in question. The study concludes with a discussion about how the conditions of journalism and dominating worldviews serve to highlight risk discourses and push back holistic perspectives on the environment.

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  • 4.
    Abalo, Ernesto
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Konstgräs som miljöfråga i svenska nyhetsmedier: En kvantitativ innehållsanalys2019Report (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The objective of this study is to examine the framing of artificial turf as an environmental question in Swedish news media. This is done with the twofold purpose to (a) expand the knowledge of how the media covers environmental questions tied to microplastics – something that hitherto is unexplored – and (b) contribute with knowledge about how the media portrays the environmental gains with artificial turf (recycling and circular economical practices) vis-à-vis the environmental risks with the materials (the spread of plastics). 15 Swedish news media and a census of 250 articles published between 2014 and 2018 have been analyzed using content analysis. The results show that artificial turf as an environmental question is reported sparingly, although the coverage has increased from 2016 compared to the previous years. From that year, artificial turf is more clearly connected to the spread of plastics and rubber, which also is the most common environmental problem that artificial turf is associated with in the materials. Viewed against the backdrop of the traditional media logic’s tendencies of favoring problems and risks, the linking of artificial turf with the spread of plastics can explain the increased media interest for the topic. Environmental gains with artificial turf are not normally present in the coverage, which means that this aspect is overshadowed by the environmental risks and problems associated with artificial turf. However, about every third article whose main topic centers on artificial turf and the environment does express uncertainty about the environmental impacts of artificial turf. The framing of artificial turf as an environmental question is to some degree shaped by the public debate about plastics, which gives the media frames of interpretation, as well as makes the topic itself newsworthy.

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  • 5.
    Abalo, Ernesto
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Medielogik eller hållbar kommunikation? En intervjustudie om medieringen av konstgräs som miljöfråga2020Report (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study focuses on the relationship between the media and other stakeholders in the context of environmental communication and is centered on the mediation of environmental hazards related to artificial turfs and microplastics. Using semi-structured interviews, the study examines the communication strategies of key actors related to the mediation of these environmental issues. This is done with the purpose of contributing to the theorization of how different communication strategies and institutional logics meet and are negotiated in the communication about specific environmental issues. The study relies on 14 interviews with a total of 15 journalists and editors, government agency representatives, politicians, researchers, and tire-industry representatives. A thematic analysis shows that the question of artificial turfs is interesting for the media because they can exploit supposed (environmental) problems attached to the artificial turfs, and the scientific uncertainty that revolves around the microplastic pollution caused by artificial turf pitches is subordinated to the strategies used in the journalistic craft. The study also shows that communication strategies that are in line with the so-called media logic enable stakeholders to reach out with their perspectives in the media, and vice versa. This pattern can for example be seen in the tire-industry’s communicational work about artificial turfs. The study also shows that is the Environment Protection Agency, with a central role in the question of microplastics, has employed an ambivalent communication strategy. The agency has both adopted and disregarded from the media logic. The study also discusses the risks that come with adapting environmental communication to the media logic, an adaption that can become a sustainability problem.

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  • 6.
    Abalo, Ernesto
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Meeting the Good Other: Proper distance and the representation of José Mujica in Swedish feature journalism2019In: Iberoamericana: Nordic Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies, E-ISSN 2002-4509, Vol. 48, no 1, p. 150-160Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper examines the representation of the then president of Uruguay, José Mujica, in a long-read feature story published in the Saturday supplement of the Swedish newspaper Dagens Nyheter. This is done with the aim of contributing to the understanding of how international journalism constructs distance and proximity in the reporting of distant subjects, and more specifically, how such constructions connect the Swedish audience to (or disconnect it from) political processes and relations in Latin America. In this way, the study contributes to the field of media representation in general, as well as to research on the representation of Latin America, more specifically. Critical discourse analysis is used to analyze the text and visuals. Three result topics are presented. The first comprises discourses that construct difference, such as those highlighting personal characteristics that make Mujica different from other presidents. The second centers on discourses that construct proximity between Mujica and the audience, such as those addressing sustainability and the connections between Sweden, Uruguay and Mujica. The third highlights discourses that distance or downplay difference and revolve around constructions about Mujica’s political past. The paper ends with a discussion of how this representation is able to construct Mujica as a close other without, in the process, abandoning key tenets of contemporary capitalist ideology.

  • 7.
    Abalo, Ernesto
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    News for global sustainability?: Reifying and othering social inequality in news2016Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper discusses news journalism about inequality from a critical point of view, with the aim of contributing to the critical theorization of the relationship between journalism and sustainability. Sustainability and journalism on social inequality are perceived as intersecting in at least two ways. On one level, journalism can serve sustainable development by providing high-quality content that can help citizens to better understand the causes behind social inequality and how it can be overcome. On another level, journalism would itself gain much from sustainable development on a global level, since that would provide a good ground for a high-quality journalism characterized by its professional and democratic ethics rather than one that is strained by market-logics. The paper focuses on reification and problematizes the ways in which social inequality is reified in news journalism. Basing the argumentation on examples from international journalism, it is argued that although the existence of social inequality in a specific country can be acknowledged in the reporting – for example by the reference to rich and poor people and rich and poor geographic spaces – the social, political and historical causes of this inequality remain abstracted. In this sense, reification provides a rather objectivist account on inequality, which in turn limits the critique of the mechanisms that lie behind it. On the long run such constructions serve the legitimation of social inequality, which indeed ought to be seen as a sustainability problem. The paper also argues that for a more sustainable journalism to take place, a shift in the attitude towards social inequality and sustainable development must take place in the broader sociocultural context that surrounds journalism.

  • 8.
    Abalo, Ernesto
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    News Journalism for Global Sustainablility?: On the Problems with Reification and Othering when Reporting on Social Inequality2017In: What is Sustainable Journalism?: Integrating the Environmental, Social, and Economic Challenges of Journalism / [ed] Peter Berglez, Ulrika Olausson & Mart Ots, New York: Peter Lang Publishing Group, 2017, p. 135-150Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 9.
    Abalo, Ernesto
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Rifts in the hegemony: Swedish news journalism on cannabis legalization2019In: Journalism Studies, ISSN 1461-670X, E-ISSN 1469-9699, Vol. 20, no 11, p. 1617-1634Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study analyzes the journalistic construction of the ongoing international renegotiation of cannabis, with the aim of contributing to the theorization of how journalism mediates between hegemonic and counter-hegemonic positions at times of crisis of hegemonic values. The study perceives the many ongoing attempts of legalizing and decriminalizing cannabis for recreational use as providing a disequilibrium to the hegemonic view of the substance as a dangerous narcotic that is rightly banned, and as intensifying a hegemonic struggle over the meaning of cannabis. Swedish print news journalism about cannabis legalization in different countries and contexts is studied, using critical discourse analysis. The analysis shows that journalism allows for debate between positive and skeptic discourses about the effects of recreational cannabis consumption and its medical benefits, and that voices that argue for cannabis legalization to combat organized crime are given important framing power. This means that a measure of legitimacy is given to discourses that counter the prohibitionist hegemony in Sweden, which means that mainstream journalism in this specific case serves as an arena for challenging hegemonic values that are in crisis.

  • 10.
    Abalo, Ernesto
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Struck by the Potentials of Cannabusiness: Exploring the Relationship Between Neoliberal Ideology and Journalism in the Reporting on Legal Cannabis2019In: tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique, E-ISSN 1726-670X, Vol. 17, no 1, p. 86-100Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study examines the reporting on legal cannabis in order to explore the operation of neoliberal ideology in journalistic discourse. Cannabis legalisation is here understood as a way for capitalism to create new market opportunities, besides being a turn away from the so-called ‘war on drugs’. The study understands neoliberalism as operating via market-based logics that are interrelated with other social logics, such as those pertaining to journalism (Phelan 2014). Critical discourse analysis is used for studying Swedish newspaper reporting on legal cannabis between 2013 and 2018. The study shows that a struggle between market-based logics and journalistic practices is visible, where journalism has difficulties in challenging core tenets of neoliberal ideology. The article concludes with a discussion of how the current conditions of journalism limit its ability to challenge neoliberal perspectives.

  • 11.
    Abalo, Ernesto
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Through an imperialistic gaze?: Journalism, ideology and the notion of democracy2015In: Differences, Inequalities and Sociological Imagination: Abstract Book, Prague: Institute of Sociology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , 2015, p. 929-930Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Despite that the notion of democracy has a central place in the Western self-image, and also in media studies, research that focuses on how democracy is ideologically loaded in journalistic content is still in its infancy. In recent times, democracy has been used with great enthusiasm by Western political leaders, while the meaning of democracy perhaps is more fuzzy than ever. In times of economic and political crisis, and of a weak Left in most European countries, it is important to examine how journalism constructs notions of democracy, and how such notions reflect specific political positions and interests. This study, which is theoretically rooted in ideology critique, and methodologically inspired by critical discourse analysis, examines how news journalism in the coverage of Venezuela and the Ukraine conflict constructs notions of democracy. The study is specially interested in exploring and discussing the ideological interconnections between imperialism and geopolitical interests, and the journalistic construction of democracy.

  • 12.
    Abalo, Ernesto
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies. Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap.
    Through Eurocentric logics: The construction of difference in foreign news discourse on Venezuela2016In: Journal of Language and Politics, ISSN 1569-2159, E-ISSN 1569-9862, Vol. 15, no 1, p. 94-115Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study aims to explore the construction of difference in foreign news discourse on culturally similar but politically different non-Western subjects. Applying critical discourse analysis (CDA) together with a critique of Eurocentrism, the study examines difference in newspaper constructions of government supporters and oppositional groups in Venezuela. Discursive differences are evident in the strategies used for constructing the two groups with regard to political rationality and violence. Government supporters are associated with social justice, Venezuela’s poor, dogmatic behavior, and the use of political violence. The opposition, in contrast, is constructed as following a Western democratic rationale that stresses anti-authoritarianism. This group is primarily associated with victims of violence. While the opposition is conveyed as being compatible with Eurocentric values and practices, government supporters to great extent deviate from these norms. Such constructions serve to legitimize politico-ideological undercurrents of Eurocentrism, as the defense of liberalism.

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  • 13.
    Abalo, Ernesto
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Towards sustainable journalism? On the need for a new common sense on inequality.2018Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 14.
    Abalo, Ernesto
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Learning Practices inside and outside School (LPS), Communication, Culture & Diversity @ JU (CCD@JU). Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Weeds in the Hegemony: Understanding Journalism on the Renegotiation of Cannabis2018Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We are witnessing the renegotiation of cannabis substances in many parts of the world. After being classified as narcotics and subjected to a worldwide ban for several decades, cannabis has now been legalized in Uruguay and in several US states, and decriminalized in some other countries. This paper aims to study how the ongoing renegotiation of cannabis, which involves the legalization of the substance in different parts of the world, is constructed in Swedish print news journalism. This is done with the purpose of understanding how news journalism in a context of a traditionally strong drug prohibition (de)legitimizes different positions and perspectives in the ongoing renegotiation of cannabis, and to what extent journalism in such a context offers challenges to the reigning prohibitionist hegemony. Although cannabis and the media has been researched extensively, very few studies have been conducted by media and communication or journalism scholars, and contributions have been placed mainly in areas as for example drug policy, drug use and misuse, and public health. The current study, in contrast, wishes to contribute to the critical study of drug journalism. The paper draws on critical theory, understanding the ongoing renegotiation of cannabis as bringing disequilibrium to the hegemonic view of cannabis as dangerous drug that needs to be banned. Journalism is perceived as playing a key role in this context, since journalism is an arena where different discourses on cannabis struggle for prominence. Journalism can in this sense serve the strengthening of counter-hegemonic discourses on cannabis or the reinforcement of the prohibitionist hegemony. The study uses critical discourse analysis as a method to study 49 print newspaper items. The results show that the studied media invites opposed discourses regarding the health risks and the medical benefits of cannabis to be part of the news pages, which creates a somewhat pluralistic view on cannabis. The study also finds that the construction of cannabis legalization as a means to combat organized crime is given significant framing power. These results suggest that the ongoing renegotiation of cannabis in different parts of the world invites Swedish journalism to broaden the debate on the substance and to provide certain legitimacy to positive discourses on cannabis that are otherwise considered deviant in the Swedish drug debate. This serves as an example of how changes in distant political contexts affect the ways in which journalism ascribes legitimacy to specific discourses on drugs.

  • 15.
    Abalo, Ernesto
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    With senior citizens in mind? Affordances and constraints in how Swedish government user interfaces offer different contact channels to its users2023In: Communication Policy and Technology Section: Abstracts of papers presented at one or both of the 2023 conferences of the International Association for Media and Communication Research, IAMCR Lyon23 – Lyon, France 9 to 13 July, IAMCR OCP23 – Online 26 June to 12 September, IAMCR – International Association for Media and Communication Research , 2023, p. 57-57Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    As one of the leading countries when it comes to the access and use of ICTs (OECD, 2018), Sweden has also been on the forefront of the digitalization of government services. The Agency for Digital government, has launched the principal of Digital First, which means that digital encounters should, when relevant, be prioritized in the interaction between government agencies and citizens (Agency for digital government, 2023). At the same time, research has shown a divide in the diffusion and use of ICTs in Sweden, where increased age plays a negative role for access and literacy (Olsson et al, 2019). Against this backdrop, it is therefore important that the praxis of Digital First, thus the increased digitalization of the encounter between government and citizen, is inclusive also for the less digital savvy citizens, as some groups of elderly. This, in order for digitalization to enable rather than restrict citizenship.

    The current study, which is part of a larger project on senior citizens’ encounter with the digital welfare system in Sweden, analyzes the affordances and constrains of government user interfaces. Using multimodal critical discourse analysis, the study focuses on how government agencies, through the semiotic elements of their online user interfaces, offer and limit engagement and interaction with citizens–both digitally and off-screen. Moreover, the analysis has the overall ambition to discern the explicit and latent characteristics that the user interfaces require the users to have. The user interfaces studied belong to the Swedish pensions agency, 1177 (the Swedish healthcare system’s official website), The municipality of Växjö, and the municipality of Älmhult.

    The study discusses the affordances and constraint of the user interfaces in relation to digital citizenship (Schou & Hjelholt, 2018), a figure that is discursively construed by policy and the user interfaces themselves, but that is also materialized by the new forms of governance in advanced capitalist societies, where the slimming of government passes tasks to the citizen. The study argues that the naturalization of digital citizenship risks making senior citizens, an already vulnerable group, even more vulnerable, as the user interfaces require a certain level of digital literacy. Therefore, light needs to be shed on how user interfaces meet the needs of different groups of citizens, which in turn requires more empirical research on the actual encounters between citizens and government user interfaces.

  • 16.
    Abalo, Ernesto
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Akademin för humaniora, utbildning och samhällsvetenskap.
    Danielsson, Martin
    Högskolan i Halmstad.
    Johansson, Håkan
    Lunds universitet.
    Olsson, Tobias
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Digital inkludering eller exkludering? Arbetslösas användning av arbets­förmedlingens webbplats2010In: Den ifrågasatte medborgaren - om utsatta gruppers relation till välfärdssystemen / [ed] Torbjörn Hjort, Philip Lalander, Roddy Nilsson, Växjö: Linnéuniversitetet , 2010, p. 69-86Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 17.
    Abalo, Ernesto
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap.
    Danielsson, Martin
    Johansson, Håkan
    Olsson, Tobias
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Emerging patterns in the era of e-governance: A study of users of 'Swedish public employment service' on internet2012In: Media in the swirl / [ed] Ravi K. Dhar, Pooja Rana, New Delhi: Pentagon Press , 2012, 1, p. 114-125Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 18.
    Abalo, Ernesto
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Jacobsson, Diana
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Class struggle in the era of post-politics: Representing the Swedish port conflict in the news media2021In: Nordicom Review, ISSN 1403-1108, E-ISSN 2001-5119, Vol. 42, no 3, p. 20-34Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article addresses how class as a category of conflict and struggle is understood and shaped discursively in mainstream media today. We utilise a case study of how Swedish news media represents the long-lasting conflict in the Swedish labour market between the Swedish Dockworkers’ Union and the employer organisation, Sweden's Ports. Using critical discourse analysis, we show two ways in which class relations are recontextualised in three Swedish newspapers. One is through obscuring class and centring the conflict around business and nationalist discourses, which in the end legitimise a corporate perspective. The other, more marginalised, way is through the critique of class relations that appears in subjective discourse types. This handling of class, we argue, serves the reproduction of a post-political condition.

  • 19.
    Abalo, Ernesto
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Nilsson, Johan
    School of Humanities, Education and Social sciences, Örebro University, Sweden.
    Fostering the truthful individual: Communicating media literacy in the comic Bamse2021In: Nordicom Review, ISSN 1403-1108, E-ISSN 2001-5119, Vol. 42, no 1, p. 109-123Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study examines the construction of media literacy in a special issue on source criticism of the Swedish children's comic Bamse – Världens Starkaste Björn [Bamse – The World's Strongest Bear]. This is done with the purpose of understanding what values, perspectives, and practices are promoted when media literacy is communicated via children's edutainment media. Using narrative and discourse analysis, we problematise how notions of truth (such as post-truth) guide much of the discourse on digital media in today's post-political society, and how that and individualisation shape notions of media literacy. This is visible in the analysed case in how source criticism is constructed in relation to notions of truth and falsehood, and as moral lessons aimed at the individual media user. We argue that such an individualised, decontextualised, and depoliticised take on media literacy is problematic and an expression of neoliberalism and a middle-class gaze.

  • 20.
    Abalo, Ernesto
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Olausson, Ulrika
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    An environmental problem in the making: how media logic molds scientific uncertainty in the production of news about artificial turf in Sweden2023In: Journal of Science Communication, E-ISSN 1824-2049, Vol. 22, no 1Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study aims to contribute knowledge about how an environmental issue is discursively forged notwithstanding the prevalence of significant scientific uncertainty. This is done by studying the production of news about artificial turf as a microplastic pollutant in Sweden. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 journalists and editors, public officials, politicians, industry representatives and experts, all involved in the issue of artificial turf. The study shows how media logic, among other factors, informs the interpretations of the uncertainties surrounding artificial turf as an environmental problem and concludes that the power of media logic needs to be considered also in the construction of other scientifically charged issues.

  • 21.
    Abidin, Crystal
    et al.
    University of Western Australia.
    Ots, Mart
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Media, Management and Transformation Centre (MMTC). Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Business Administration.
    Consumer-led innovation in social media advertising formats2016Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    On Instagram, Twitter, Facebook, and weblogs, consumer activity is increasingly institutionalized, guarded by rules and norms. Consumers take on tasks previously performed by trained media workers, but they also create new activities, emerging as a new breed of media workers, institutionalizing new fields of the media and advertising industries and their associated practices (Dolbec and Fischer 2015). It has been described how amateur workers develop new ethical norms and rules for publishing, by taking journalistic/editorial decisions on what content to publish and how, within their new institutional domain (Abidin & Ots, 2015).

     

    This paper is focused on a specific group of stakeholders – everyday Internet users who manufacture themselves into a new form of social media microcelebrity known as the ‘Influencer’ (Abidin 2015). Since 2005, many young women have taken to social media to craft ‘microcelebrity personas’ as a career – “a new style of online performance that involves people ‘amping up’ their popularity over the Web using technologies like video, blogs and social networking sites” (Senft 2008: 25). In their most basic capacity, Influencers produce advertorials on blogs and social media platforms in exchange for payment or sponsored products and services (Abidin 2015). Owing to their power to shape purchase decisions, their clients have progressed from small home businesses to bluechip companies including Canon, Gucci, and KLM. Until recently, the most effective advertorials are those that are seamlessly woven into the daily narratives Influencers publish on their blogs and social media, such that readers are unable to tell apart ‘paid opinions’ from ‘unpaid’ sentiments (Abidin 2014). However, along with the maturity of the field, there is a gradual standardization of new advertising formats.

     

    The conducted study explores how semi-professional microcelebrity Influencers create advertising market innovations. Researchers have previously described how consumer fans help firms innovate (e.g. Füller et al 2008), and how fan cultures celebrate their favourite brands by creating their own advertisements (Muniz & Schau 2005; for overview see Ots & Hartmann 2015). This paper takes a slightly different approach – rather than seeing consumers as co-creators, it demonstrates how new actors outside the traditional media and advertising industries, make innovations that compete with the incumbents. We focus on these vernacular advertising innovations in the age of social media, and seek to understand how Influencers orientate towards a youth market in the saturated, visually dominated attention economy of Instagram. The findings include a typology of innovative advertising formats emerging outside the traditional media companies, along with their associated publishing rules as defined by the semi-professional Influencers.

     

    The data draws on a larger study of social media Influencers in Singapore since mid-2010, including over a year of intensive participant observation conducted with these Influencers in the flesh in the capacity of various roles. These interactions and observations were archived in extensively detailed field diaries. 120 personal interviews were conducted with Influencers, Influencer management agencies, (prospective) clients, readers, and friends and family of Influencers between December 2011 and July 2013. Social media content from blogs, Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, AskFM, and popular public forums was archived until December 2015. Fieldwork entailed continued interaction with other actors involved in the Influencers’ social milieu, including their peers, backend production management, sponsors and advertisers, and readers. As such, although the data is drawn mainly from the textual and visual content of publically accessed blogs and associated social media platforms including Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook, the analysis is highly contextualised and shaped by long-term ethnographic work among these Influencers. 

  • 22.
    Abidin, Crystal
    et al.
    University of Western Australia.
    Ots, Mart
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Business Administration. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Media, Management and Transformation Centre (MMTC). Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Influencers Tell All?: Unravelling Authenticity and Credibility in a Brand Scandal2016In: Blurring the lines: Market-driven and democracy-driven freedom of expression / [ed] Maria Edström, Andrew T. Kenyon & Eva-Maria Svensson, Nordicom, 2016, p. 153-161Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This chapter discusses the emerging practices of social media Influencers. In focus are six influential Instagram Influencers who were ‘exposed’ for involving themselves in campaigns aiming to discredit telecommunications providers in Singapore. In the absence of enforced legal boundaries and industry norms regarding advertising formats and advertising ethics, brand scandals are frequent, causing concern among regulators, brand managers, and platform owners. When starting to accommodate commercial brands and contents in social media posts, Influencers are constantly at risk of breaching their contract of trust with their followers. The case study shows how Influencers, followers, and eventually also the brand clients, are sensitive to what they experience as deceptive and unethical behaviours that will put normative pressures onto the Influencers to conform to certain ethical standards.

  • 23.
    Abidin, Crystal
    et al.
    University of Western Australia.
    Ots, Mart
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Media, Management and Transformation Centre (MMTC). Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Business Administration.
    Microcelebrity influencers and advertorial disclosure: Practicing the advertising/editorial divide on Instagram2016Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 24.
    Abidin, Crystal
    et al.
    University of Western Australia.
    Ots, Mart
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Media, Management and Transformation Centre (MMTC). Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Business Administration. Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    The Influencer’s dilemma: The shaping of new brand professions between credibility and commerce2015Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The new "liquid" media environment involves a range of new professions, practices and practitioners (Deuze 2011). Based on a rich ethnographic study containing personal interviews and participant observation, this paper looks at semi-professional Influencers in the social media marketing industry and asks how these new branding professions and their practices emerge and institutionalize. Specifically, the material draws on data collected between 2011 and 2015 among women Influencers in the ‘lifestyle’ genre in Singapore who advertise products and services in the industry verticals of Fashion, Beauty, and Electronic goods on blogs, Twitter, and Instagram.

    Download full text (pdf)
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  • 25.
    Abramsson, Emelie
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Ottenström, Emma
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    ”Stick i stäv med värdeorden”: En kvalitativ fallstudie om internkommunikation kopplat till värdeord2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    For several centuries, there has been a process where people's duty to work has been replaced by a demand for balance, meaning and quality for the individual at work. This change has motivated organizations to develop their employer brand, since "strong brands gain their power from within" (Parment, Dyhre & Lutz, 2017, p. 28) which requires a consistent organizational identity that is based on shared values and communication strategies (Parment, Dyhre & Lutz, 2017, p. 13–30).

     

    Values as a means of management mean that the organization leads itself with a selected value base to achieve set goals and create a desirable corporate culture. Previous research has shown that employees who enjoy and feel proud of their workplace are a more important factor for employee motivation than financial benefits (Philipson, 2004, p. 56–58). Employees who thrive and live the culture are an important strategic tool for anchoring the culture within the organization (Falkheimer & Heide, 2007, p. 90-91). Both communication and value management can help organizations, if used properly. We chose to conduct a case study on a Swedish state-owned organization, which will be anonymous in this study. A content analysis on collected empirical data from observations, interviews and surveys was conducted to study internal communication through various communication channels, to see if the employees perceive the values as genuine and therefor if the values are used ​​as a means of management.

     

    The conclusion shows that the organization does not fully use value words as an instrument of management, but that the value words affect the interpersonal internal behaviour. The communication channels are used in parallel to maximize the effect of communication but since decisions are made within the organization that contradicts the values, the culture is not perceived as genuine and therefore does not function fully as a means of management, which it has the opportunity to be.

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  • 26.
    Adjin-Tettey, Theodora Dame
    et al.
    School of Journalism and Media Studies, Rhodes University, South Africa.
    Garman, Anthea
    School of Journalism and Media Studies, Rhodes University, South Africa.
    Krüger, Franz
    Wits Radio Academy, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa.
    Olausson, Ulrika
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Berglez, Peter
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Tallert, Lars
    Fojo Media Institute, Linnaeus University.
    Berger, Guy
    UNESCO.
    Fritzon, Vilhelm
    Folke Bernadotte Academy (FBA), Swedish agency for peace, security and development.
    Towards sustainable journalism in sub-Saharan Africa: Policy brief2021Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In sub-Saharan Africa, Fojo Media Institute, Wits Journalism and four other organisations are jointly promoting independent journalism and protecting the space for civil society organisations and human rights defenders in the CHARM programme. Bringing together academics, media practitioners and researchers from four universities in South Africa and Sweden, the main objective of this policy brief is to introduce the concept of sustainable journalism, defining what the concept could entail in sub-Saharan Africa and investigating the implications for media development in this context. Stakeholder discussions on the subject matter were held with relevant media actors in four countries within sub-Saharan Africa. The findings, which provide clear policy recommendations, are shared in this report.  

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    Full-text
  • 27.
    Adrovic, Ninella
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Sex and the City: En kvalitativ studie om serien och karaktärerna2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur de kvinnliga huvudkaraktärerna i den amerikanska dramaserien Sex and the City framställs. En analys har gjorts på sex avsnitt av serien. Analysmaterialet studerades utifrån ett feministiskt samt stereotypiskt perspektiv. En av utgångspunkterna har varit antagandet om att karaktärerna är olika.

    Undersökningen syftar också till att analysera serien och se om den är en traditionell eller en modern såpopera.

    Studien grundar sig på en innehållsanalys. Resultatet kommer att delvis vara generellt för hela serien, eftersom karaktärerna följer med alla säsonger men utvecklas under seriens gång.

    Resultatet av undersökningen stärker antagandet av att karaktärerna är olika. Kvinnorna representerar stereotyper av olika slag. Resultatet visar även att kvinnorna också har mycket gemensamt. Serien kan varken placeras i den traditionella såpoperan eller i den postmoderna såpoperan. Sex and the city är en serie som har element från båda subgenrerna.

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  • 28.
    Agerteg, Mikaela
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Ardell, Sandra
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Tivelius, Marielle
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    En kvalitativ studie om genrer och varumärkesbyggande inom TV-reklam2009Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Då TV-reklam idag är ett frekvent inslag i de kommersiella TV-kanalerna ville vi ta reda på vilken typ av reklamfilm som uppfattades som mest lämpad vid varumärkesbyggande. För att ta reda på detta valde vi att genomföra kvalitativa djupintervjuer med sex personer, tre kvinnor och tre män, i åldrarna 18 - 65 år. Vi valde att avgränsa oss till de tre genrerna humorreklam, känsloreklam och kändisreklam, och valde ut två reklamfilmer inom varje genre som vi ansåg representativa för respektive genre. Vi valde att använda oss av semiotik och brand equity som teoretisk ansats då vi ansåg att de passade väl in i vår studie.

    Under intervjuerna visade vi reklamfilmerna för intervjupersonerna och ställde därefter frågor utifrån två förutbestämda frågeområden; varumärke och reklamfilmsgenre. Majoriteten av intervjupersonerna ansåg att humor var den genre som var mest lämpad vid varumärkesbyggande, men när det gällde personligt tyckande visade det sig att humor och känsloreklam var lika mycket uppskattade. Flertalet av intervjupersonerna var överens om att val av reklamfilmsgenre var sammanlänkat med den typ av produkt som marknadsfördes. Vi kunde även urskilja att ett antal intervjupersoner ansåg att reklamfilmer till en viss grad bidrar till att intervjupersonerna skulle välja den marknadsförda produkten framför en likartad. En tendens vi fann inom kändisreklam var att om intervjupersonerna själva har en negativ uppfattning om kändisen i reklamfilmen från början så är inte det en faktor som påverkar varumärket och företaget på ett negativt sätt. En övergripande tendens vi kunde urskilja var att varumärket måste utstråla positiva associationer för att skapa värde hos TV-tittaren.

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  • 29.
    Aguilar, Huri Eunice
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    2009Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Huri Eunice Aguilar

    Fyra PR-konsulters syn på hur man förändrar ett personligt varumärke. - En kvalitativ undersökning om processen av att förändra ett personligt varumärke.

    Antal sidor: 38

    Uppsatsen behandlar processen av att förändra ett befintligt personligt varumärke. Syftet är att beskriva och skapa förståelse för processen av att förändra ett personligt varumärke. Frågeställningarna är hur ompositioneras eller revitaliseras ett befintligt personligt varumärke? Finns det gemensamma komponenter som leder till framgång när man förändrar det personliga varumärke? Vilka risker finns vid en ompositionering eller revitalisering utav ett befintligt  personligt varumärke? Kan de varumärkesstrategierna som finns om hur man förändrar ett företags eller produktvarumärke anpassas till personliga varumärken?

    Metoden är kvalitativa intervjuer med fyra PR-konsulter som har erfarenhet av att förändra varumärken eller personliga varumärken.

    Processen av att förändra ett personligt varumärke är att identifiera det personliga varumärkets identitet. Det andra steget är att fastställa hur det personliga varumärket ska uppfattas, och vilka egenskaper i ens identitet som därmed måste belysas. De sista steget är att ta reda på hur det personliga varumärket uppfattas, och minska gapet mellan hur man vill att det personliga varumärket ska uppfattas, och den faktiska uppfattningen.

    Gemensamma komponenter som leder till framgång när man förändrar ett personligt varumärke är att förändringen anses vara genuin, naturlig, och att förändringen endast belyser andra redan existerande egenskaper i ett personligt varumärkes identitet.

    De risker som finns i att förändra ett personligt varumärke är att tappa sin målgrupp eller trovärdighet samt att man eliminerar de element som differentierar det personliga varumärket. Uppsatsens slutsats är att vissa av de varumärkesstrategier som finns, kan appliceras på personliga varumärken. Skillnaden är att varumärkesstrategierna för produkt och företags varumärkena är mer omfattande. Varumärkesstrategierna som inte tycks vara applicerbara, är de som tar upp en förändring av själva produkten vid en förändring av varumärket. Uppsatsen kommer fram till att ett personligt varumärke kan revitaliseras dock inte ompositioneras. En ompositionering involverar en förändring på själva produkten, medan en revitalisering är ett mer korrekt begrepp att använda , då begreppet syftar till att ändra ett varumärkes associationer.

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  • 30.
    Ahlberg, Christofer
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Trygged, Mattias
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Wahlström, Alexander
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Vägen till nyhetsvärdig: En kvalitativ textanalys för att utmana medielogiken genom att testa tre nyhetsvärderingsteorier2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In August 2010 an accident occurred in the San José mine in Chile. 33 miners were trapped in a shelter at a depth of 700 meters for over two months before they were rescued. The accident got a lot of media cover-age worldwide. In our study we have challenged the media logic by testing three news value theories from the content of aftonbladet.se:s and dn.se:s news articles regarding the mining accident. The newspapers were selected because they are the largest evening and morning newspaper in Sweden. We looked at which of the theories that best could be applied to the newspapers articles and also the differences between the newspa-pers' reporting from the perspective of the theories. The news value theories that we tested are from the theorists Håkan Hvitfelt, Tony Harcup & Deirdre O'Neill and Pamela J. Shoemaker, Tsan-Kuo Chang & Nancy Brendlinger. In the analysis we made a qualitative text analysis and analyzed the articles hermeneutically through eight dimensions in an analytical framework. During the study we concluded that there are only small differences between the newspapers in their reporting. We only found differences in two of the eight dimensions we analyzed. None of the theories fully consists with the newspapers reporting, but Hvitfelt is the theorist whose theory is most consistent with how the newspapers were written. He is followed closely by Harcup & O'Neill, then Shoemaker et al. It should be emphasized that the factors in the theories in many cases are vague and difficult to interpret, which led us to make our own interpretations in those cases. Although the theorists’ ideas differ, none of them has succeeded in creating a theory that is complete. It is only when the theories converge that they demonstrate an acceptable way of how an occurrence becomes news worthy in today's media landscape.

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  • 31.
    Ahlberg, Emma
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Lennartsson, Annica
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Wahlström, David
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    No fat chicks: En semiotisk innehållsanalys om hur kvinnliga karaktärer framställs i barnprogram2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    There is little research on how gender is mediated through children’s programs. The few studies that exist indicate the male characters more often appears than female, and the male characters usually have larger and more important roles.

    The purpose of this study is to examine how female characters are portrayed in the children’s programs from the different time periods. The analysis will show how the female characters are portrayed and if it has changed over time. The analysis will also show whether the characters can be referred to as stereotypical or not, and if they follow the typical gender roles.

    The essay is based on a semiotic content analysis with both denotative and connotative approach. Semiotics is both collection and analysis method. Through the sampling method which was partially random, the six children’s programs from three different decades were established to constitute the empirical material.

    Our analysis shows that there are both similarities and differences between the female characters from carious children’s programs and decades. However, there is no direct pattern for these similarities and differences. Our analysis also shows that the female characters’ appearance is not very stereotypical. It is not possible to see any overall change over time in terms of the characters’ behavior; the analysis does not demonstrate that they have gone from behaving in one manner to another.

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  • 32.
    Ahlgren, Robin
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Börjeson, Jakob
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Callas, Arvid
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Marknadsföringsbegrepp i praktiken: En kvalitativ studie om tillämpningen av priming, upplevelserummet och relationsmarknadsföring i fallet HV712010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 15 credits / 22,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The study is based on the pragmatic question whether one can apply the theoretical perspectives priming, experience space and relationship marketing in a practical context. The authors visualize how these concepts appear practical and what advantages and disadvantages can be discerned in the particular case of HV71. The method used is a hypothetico-deductive approach, which is not entirely conventional in the humanistic and social scientific context. Consequently, it has been proven to be particularly suitable as it could expose the theoretical perspectives for a difficult scientific test.

    The result of the study demonstrated that a marketer could benefit from using the theoretical perspectives when exercising the profession. It also showed that the object of study applied these perspectives. Furthermore, the study contributes with new knowledge in two areas. First, it was shown that researchers could use the hypothetico-deductive method as tool for humanistic and social scientific studies such as this. Also, the study answered the fundamental questions whether the theoretical perspectives could be identified in practice and how the object of study benefited from applying them.

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  • 33.
    Ahlin, Amanda
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Bjärsholm, Alma
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Är H&M lika med Hållbart Mode?: En kritisk diskursanalys av H&M:s gröna marknadskommunikation2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 34.
    Ahmed, Abdulkarim
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Studiehandledning på modersmål: En kvalitativ studie om studiehandledarens samarbete med lärare2022Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 35.
    Ahrenberg, Rosa Greta
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    We won't be ignored!: Climate Protest Radicalization – Motivation, Attitudes, Goal and Communication Strategies within the German Climate Movement "Letzte Generation"2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 36.
    Albinsson, Elin
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Lööv, Oskar
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    "Vem får synas i svensk reklam" - vad hände sen?: En kvantitativ innehållsanalys av reklamannonser i svenska dagstidningar2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 37.
    Albinsson, Sanna
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Lindahl, Ida
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Åberg, Sara
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Med tillstånd att vara rolig: En innehållsanalys av modern komedifilm2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Film is a medium that influences the construction of identities and the perception of norms and reality. One of the most popular movie genres is comedy. Therefore, it is of interest to study the construction of the film characters to see what standards are prevailing today.

    The study's aim is to - from a social constructionist perspective - examine different characters in a contemporary comedy film to research how gender is constructed, the humorous function different characters are assigned, and the differences between a comedy film with mainly male actors and a comedy film with mainly female actors.

    The results of the content analysis showed that a comedy film with mainly male actors confirms traditional gender norms and social norms as a comedy film with mainly female actors shows new trends regarding masculine and feminine characters. Masculine characteristics were shown, however, to be more desirable. The study also found that the humorous function of the characters lies in the breaking of social norms, stereotyping and exaggeration.

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  • 38.
    Aleñá Naval, Gerard
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Ideology and Orientalism in American and Cuban news media: Representation of the Chinese government in foreign media during the Umbrella Revolution2017Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This study aims to examine the representation of the Chinese government in foreign media during the Umbrella Revolution along 2014. Hence, this paper analyzes The New York Times and Granma by using Critical Discourse Analysis along with Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis in order to reveal underlying ideology and Orientalism in their news discourse. Thus, this study aims to understand how influenced is their representation of the Chinese government by the ideology of their countries. In that way, ideology and Orientalism are the theories implemented in this research. Additionally, in order to understand the relationship between media and the establishment in United States and Cuba, the Liberal model and the Soviet Communist theory are respectively applied. Moreover, the Propaganda model is also implemented to study in depth the level of influence that the establishment has on the media. In this sense, the research reveals that the representation of Cuban and American media was influenced by the ideology of their countries and that both sides ‘othered’ each other. Hence, both constructions aimed to impose Capitalism or Communism as the most valid socio-economic system. 

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    Ideology and Orientalism in American and Cuban news media
  • 39.
    Ali Rostam, Erivan
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Hallberg, Kristina
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Gyllensten, Sofie
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Med skilda perspektiv: Sverigedemokraternas profil, identitet och image2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 15 credits / 22,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This study will investigate how the Sweden Democrats' use the planned communication tools: profile, identity and image in their election campaign film. We have during the study used three different perspectives: structured interviews with three members of the Sweden Democrats, a semiotic film analysis of the party's election campaign film and performed a survey of 100 voting students at Erik Dahlbergsgymnasiet.

     

    The results of the study have demonstrated that the Sweden Democrats' profile is consistent with the campaign film's identity. The Sweden Democrats believes that the image of the party is not consistent with the party's profile. The problem that the Sweden Democrats claim to be medias fault.

    Our semiotic film analysis shows that the Sweden Democrats' message is clear in the election campaign by showing how immigration is expensive, while pensioners are affected. Our results also show that more than half of the students at Erik Dahlbergsgymnasiet had a bias against the Sweden Democrats and 70 percent felt that the individuals in the election campaign film were represented wrong.

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  • 40.
    Almgren, Susanne
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    News Users’ (Dis)trust in Media Performance: Challenges to Sustainable Journalism in Times of Xenophobia2017In: What Is Sustainable Journalism?: Integrating the Environmental, Social, and Economic Challenges of Journalism, Peter Lang Publishing Group, 2017, p. 161-179Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In this chapter, the sustainability of journalism is explored with interest in how users express trust and distrust towards professional news media. The challenges to the sustainability of journalism have social, financial and environmental tenets. The center of attention here is the social aspect of how users negotiate the end of journalism in society. Users have conflicting views on how professional news media perform, oscillating between if the responsibility of news media should be extended to coverage of conflicting issues or to enable citizens to share a common ground imprinted by solidarity. These aspects merge and manifest in news related to issues of xenophobia and solidarity. The changed financial prospects of the news industry coincide with the timing of globalization’s effects on the local scene, where people experience increasing hurdles across the world. The sustainability of journalism—considered crucial for democracy—is currently under substantial pressure. At the same time, living conditions are deteriorating around the world. People need to migrate to other societies that are becoming ever more polarized between xenophobia and solidarity. News covering this process is constructed within a professional value system that—for the sustainability of journalism—needs to be perceived as legitimate.

  • 41.
    Almgren, Susanne
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Participating Users across News Media SpacesManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 42.
    Almgren, Susanne
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    ‘The monkey mountain’ and other stories of (dis)trust: Online news comments as venues for commonplace politics2017Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 43.
    Almgren, Susanne
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Undoing Churnalism? Users sharing local news on Facebook2017In: Digital Journalism, ISSN 2167-0811, E-ISSN 2167-082X, Vol. 5, no 8, p. 1060-1079Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study investigates the types of information that users of a local news site share on Facebook. This issue relates to the idea of "churnalism", which concerns a form of weakened journalism that diminishes the ability to perform expected tasks in a democratic society. As a major social media platform, Facebook has acquired substantial influence over news dissemination, and therefore, scholarly focus needs to be directed to users as news disseminators. The manners by which users share news on Facebook indicate whether churnalism is promoted or abated through users' interaction with online news. In this study, a quantitative content analysis illustrates how 348 news articles published on a local news site were shared 7266 times. The results show that concerns related to churnalism should be directed primarily to the fact that the news outlet only rarely provides users with opportunities to interact with serious or hard news, while lightweight news is frequently offered. Despite this, users abate churnalism in the sense that the news they prefer to share is news from in-house sources rather than from external sources. The news extensively shared covers changes in the vicinity, and health care, and has emerged from local and regional events.

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  • 44.
    Almgren, Susanne
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Users and producers: Online News as Mediated Participation2017Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this thesis is to illuminate principles that guide mediated participation, taking place through the interplay between users and news producers. Therefore, the study focuses both how spaces for participation are structured (by news producers) and those that exert participatory practices (news users). The research design thus has an approach that ties together analytical strands that previously have been studied separately. The research questions concern how the conditions comprising mediated participation – in terms of opportunities for users’ participatory practices – differ between (1a) various types of online news sites, and (1b) various types of news, as well as how users exercise participatory practices (2a) on various types of news sites, and (2b) in connection to various types of news. The last research question (3) concerns how users express the connection to news producers, through participatory practices within participatory spaces. The thesis includes four papers, that together answer the research questions by applying content and text analyses to various types of news sites (big city national, local rural area, morning broadsheets and evening tabloids) and its content: news articles and features for user participation, such as comments and sharing news through social media (i.e., Facebook and Twitter).

    The results show that users and news producers take diverging approaches to user participation adjacent to online news. This is illustrated by the fact that the categories of news that users are most often permitted to interact with, coincide precisely with the news that users tend to decline to interact with, while the news categories that users tend to interact with (when given the chance) occur comparatively sparse. The results also show that news producers are much more prone to permit users to share news through social media, than to permit them to comment news on the news site. Almost all news are made to permit users to share news through Facebook and Twitter, whereas commenting news is substantially more restricted, and even more so among big city national news sites than among local rural area news sites. When it concerns user practices, users share news on Facebook 20 times more often than they share news through Twitter or comment news on news sites. Tweeting news almost only occurs in news sites affiliated with big city national newspapers, and most prominently so when it concerns evening tabloids. This means (when controlling for differences in circulation) that commenting as a user practice tend to have a more local character than tweeting news, with its more national focus.

    The connection between users and news producers is shaped by the approach these groups of actors take to each other, under different circumstances. Sharing news through Facebook and commenting on news sites, are not interchangeable practices. Nor is tweeting news from a news site affiliated with national tabloid compared to from a local morning newspaper. And although it is well known from extant research that producers hold hesitant views concerning users’ influence over content, users also express distrust when it concerns how professional media practices allow various actors salience in the media. These ideas primarily concern “elites” versus “commoners”, differences between public service and commercial media, regulations and media, including roles, genres, and formats. These ideas also concern whether representational principles should guide media representation or if certain views should be excluded, whether journalists’ political views affect media performance, and how crime news should be presented in terms of what events are published and representations of victims and perpetrators. Overall, the thesis illustrates that there are connections between various forms of electronic communication (i.e., commenting and sharing news through Facebook and Twitter), and the specific contextual and social settings that news sites are embedded within, with its specific situated audience, shaping the connections between users and news producers.

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  • 45.
    Almgren, Susanne
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Ekberg, Sara
    Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Media, Management and Transformation Centre (MMTC).
    User-Generated Content: Organizational Routines and Participatory Practices2013Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This review focuses user-generated content (UGC) in the mainstream media context. The review illuminates different facets of the notion of UGC, as it follows the interlocked and subsequent links in a chain from the mainstream media organizations, the professional journalistic practices, the generated content, the users, and finally the views on the generated content and the users generating it. The contribution of the review is twofold; 1) mapping the field’s current state and its counterpoints from a cohesive and interdisciplinary perspective and, 2) letting the review fall into the construction of ideal type sets that can be used for further theoretical development of the field.

  • 46.
    Almgren, Susanne
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Holck Clausen, Louise
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    " ...jag tycker om sill, men tycker inte att det ska vara obligatoriskt... ": - En innehållsanalys om medielogik, public service och partipolitik i SVT:s partiledarutfrågningar2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This essay examines how media logic and public service values are expressed in the SVT party leaders hearing fall of 2010. A comprehensive study in the form of quantitative and qualitative content analysis was made by all party leaders hearings broadcast on SVT weeks before the election, and each party's election manifesto. Four questions were measured primary quantitatively, and were then assayed qualitatively on the basis of the civic groups that are made visible, how the party leaders' private affairs are exposed, how the manifesto contents are consistent with the journalistic issues during the hearings, and government complications and cooperation difficulties of various kinds. The quantitative analysis indicated that consumer perspective dominates, but the difference is large in the various party leaders hearings. The personal exposure of the party leaders will have the least room for the then prime minister candidates Fredrik Reinfeldt (m) and Mona Sahlin (s), but also to Maud Olofsson (c). Manifesto conformity with the journalistic issues showed significant differences between the various party leaders hearings. Most communications space to complications are exposed with the Rödgröna blocket (and particularly the smaller parties, Miljöpartiet and Vänsterpartiet.) The results of our study are varied, depending on the issue in question. Components of the public service value seems to have a greater impact in the major parties compared to the smaller parties regarding the consequences for the individual cases and party policies. An overall theme is the presentation of policy that it takes away something from people rather than it adds. Another feature we have noticed is that the people were presented as victims of something (new price of gasoline, health insurance, upper secondary school reform ...) In a society of growing problems with involving the citizens in the political life, it may be useful to ask how much responsibility the media has of this. Finally it should be pointed out, that the results we arrive at should not be referred to journalism as a profession, but rather emphasize the necessity of a planned strategy to highlight the forces that strive to media logic components in the form of polarization, concretization and simplification.

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  • 47.
    Almgren, Susanne
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Olsson, Tobias
    Lunds Universitet.
    Commenting, sharing and tweeting news: Measuring online news participation2016In: Nordicom Review, ISSN 1403-1108, E-ISSN 2001-5119, Vol. 37, no 2, p. 67-81Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Social plugins for sharing news through Facebook and Twitter have become increasingly salient features on news sites. Together with the user comment feature, social plugins are the most common way for users to contribute. The wide use of multiple features has opened new areas to comprehensively study users’ participatory practices. However, how do these opportunities to participate vary between the participatory spaces that news sites affiliated with local, national broadsheet and tabloid news constitute? How are these opportunities appropriated by users in terms of participatory practices such as commenting and sharing news through Facebook and Twitter? In addition, what differences are there between news sites in these respects? To answer these questions, a quantitative content analysis has been conducted on 3,444 articles from nine Swedish online newspapers. Local newspapers are more likely to allow users to comment on articles than are national newspapers. Tweeting news is appropriated only on news sites affiliated with evening tabloids and national morning newspapers. Sharing news through Facebook is 20 times more common than tweeting news or commenting. The majority of news items do not attract any user interaction.

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  • 48.
    Almgren, Susanne
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Olsson, Tobias
    Lunds universitet.
    Deltagande användare - i princip och praktik2016In: Människorna, medierna & marknaden: Medieutredningens forskningsantologi om en demokrati i förändring, Stockholm: Fritzes, 2016, p. 377-401Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 49.
    Almgren, Susanne
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and Communication Studies.
    Olsson, Tobias
    Lunds Universitet.
    ‘Let’s Get Them Involved’ . . . to Some Extent: Analyzing Online News Participation2015In: Social Media + Society, ISSN 2056-3051, Vol. 1, no 2, p. 1-11Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The development of social media applications, such as blogs, Facebook, and Twitter, has offered new participatory opportunities for everyday media users. This article contributes to research by looking into one specific aspect of the increasingly more participatory media ecology—the news comment feature. Drawing on a quantitative content analysis of 1,100 news pieces, as well as spaces for user comments, the article reveals both how this emerging public space is shaped by the media company and, later, appropriated by their participating users. Our analysis reveals, for instance, that the online newspaper prefers to allow users to comment on lightweight news such as sports and entertainment. The users, however, prefer to post comments on news covering changes in proximity space, politics, and health care, while also clearly ignoring the most available news pieces (sport and entertainment). In the concluding section, the discrepancy in preferences is discussed.

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  • 50.
    Almgren, Susanne
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Education and Communication, HLK, Media and communication science.
    Olsson, Tobias
    Lunds Universitet.
    Steering the Editorial Filter - User Comments as a Negotiated Space for Participation in Online News2014In: ECREA 2014 Lisboa - Communication for empowerment: citizens, markets, innovations: Book of abstracts, 2014, p. 28-Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The development of social media applications, such as blogs, Facebook and Twitter, has offered new participatory opportunities to everyday media users. In some respects, this also marks a transformation of public space, as the broadcasting era’s “audiences” nowadays also can take on the role as participating “co-creators”. Or to put it slightly differently: Contemporary media landscape allows for new forms of coexistence between producer and user generated content. For traditional media companies, this transformation has brought both challenges and opportunities. User generated content has always played a part in media production, but the current media situation has certainly made it a more salient feature. Among online newspapers, specifically, the new opportunities to include users’ participatory practices have taken different forms. For instance, they nowadays allow for convenient Facebook-liking and users linking blog posts to articles. They also spend both time and energy on making it easier for readers to get in touch with them in order to provide pictures, information, corrections, etc. Within this context of offering new, participatory opportunities to the previous “readers”, online newspapers have also come to adapt to and develop on one specifically salient strategy: To allow readers/users to comment on articles online. Media research has already paid attention to user comments as a participatory practice. These studies have typically looked into what technological features for participation that are offered and how they enable and limit users’ participatory practices (cf. Domingo et al., 2008; Hermida & Thurman, 2008). In this paper, we take on a slightly different approach. Firstly, the paper looks into the conditions for participation in terms of topics: What content are users allowed to comment on? How do content characteristics differ between news that are made available and news that are withheld from comments? After having mapped these conditions for participation we – secondly –analyze how users actually navigate within this (conditioned) space: What news are they interested in commenting on? How does commenting vary between different kinds of articles? These questions are answered by help of an analysis of 1.100 news items and their adjacent user interface in an online news site (affiliated with a professionally produced, local newspaper). In terms of methodology we apply quantitative content analysis. Our analysis reveals that the participatory space offered to the readers is geared towards light news, whereas users themselves have clear preferences for commenting news concerning changes in their local environment, about general national politics and welfare issues. The paper concludes with a discussion on potential explanations as to why this discrepancy exists and it also further reflects on its potential implications for users’ participatory practices.

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