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  • 1. A. Alkhamisi, Mahdi
    et al.
    Shukur, Ghazi
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi. Statistik.
    A Monte Carlo Study of Recent Ridge Parameters2007Inngår i: Communications in statistics. Simulation and computation, ISSN 0361-0918, E-ISSN 1532-4141, Vol. 36, nr 3, s. 535-547Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 2.
    Aarstad, J.
    et al.
    Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Norway.
    Jakobsen, S. -E
    Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Norway.
    Foss, Lene
    Jönköping University, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, HLK, Praktiknära utbildningsforskning (PUF). UiT The Artic University of Norway, Norway.
    Business incubator management and entrepreneur collaboration with R&D milieus: Does the regional context matter?2022Inngår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, ISSN 1465-7503, E-ISSN 2043-6882, Vol. 23, nr 1, s. 28-38Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    We study whether business incubator management collaboration with R&D milieus affects incubated entrepreneurs to also collaborate with R&D milieus in different regional contexts. Empirically, we analyse 281 Norwegian entrepreneurs in 32 different business incubators. Incubator collaboration with R&D milieus increases entrepreneur collaboration with R&D milieus in sparsely but not densely populated regions. Also, education level increases collaboration with R&D milieus (plus investor milieus and international customers). Entrepreneur collaboration with R&D milieus is positively associated with market orientation and perceptual performance but tends to delay enterprise development.

  • 3.
    Abboud, Endy
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    Beniamin, Mary
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    Migration and average wages in Sweden: Immigration as a labour supply shock on the Swedish labour market from the year 2011 to 2018 across municipalities2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    With the recent influx of foreign-born individuals migrating to Sweden, this study aims to answer the question, “do high skilled foreign-born individuals relate positively to average wages in Sweden?”. We specifically observe high skilled foreign-born individuals and their contribution to the average wage across different municipalities in Sweden between the years 2011 and 2018. The method carried out in this study consisted of an empirical analysis where the significance of economic factors was interpreted in order to understand the variation in wages. The data was extracted from Statistics Sweden. The relationship of the share of highly educated foreign-born individuals has proved to be insignificant with respect to average wages in Sweden. Different theories are discussed in this paper in order to identify the key labour market outcomes due to the labour supply shock. Our findings disclose that differences in wages are present, meaning that natives and foreign-born individuals are complements in the short run

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 4.
    Abdel-Rahman, Suzan
    et al.
    Department of Demography and Biostatistics, Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical Research, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
    Awwad, Fuad A.
    Department of Quantitative Analysis, College of Business Administration, King Saud University, P.O. Box 71115, Riyadh, 11587, Saudi Arabia.
    Qasim, Muhammad
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Statistik.
    Abonazel, Mohamed R.
    Department of Applied Statistics and Econometrics, Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical Research, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
    New evidence of gender inequality during COVID-19 outbreak in the Middle East and North Africa2023Inngår i: Heliyon, E-ISSN 2405-8440, Vol. 9, nr 7, artikkel-id e17705Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly altered employment and income distribution, impacting women and men differently. This study investigates the negative effects of COVID-19 on the labour market, focusing on the gender gap in five countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. The study indicates whether women are more susceptible to losing their jobs, either temporarily or permanently, switching their primary occupation, and experiencing decreased working hours and income compared to men during the COVID-19 outbreak. The study utilizes a multivariate Probit model to estimate the relationship between gender and adverse labour outcomes controlling for correlations among outcomes. Data are obtained from the Combined COVID-19 MENA Monitor Household Survey, covering Egypt, Tunisia, Morocco, Jordan, and Sudan. The findings of this study offer empirical evidence of the gender gap in labour market outcomes during the pandemic. Women are more likely than men to experience negative work outcomes, such as permanent job loss and change in their main job. The increased childcare and housework responsibilities have significantly impacted women's labour market outcomes during the pandemic. However, the availability of telework has reduced the likelihood of job loss among women. The study's results contribute to a better understanding of the impact of COVID-19 on gender inequality in understudied MENA countries. Mitigation policies should focus on supporting vulnerable women who have experienced disproportionate negative effects of COVID-19.

  • 5.
    Abolhosseini, Shahrouz
    et al.
    College of Engineering, TEMEP, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
    Heshmati, Almas
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    The main support mechanisms to finance renewable energy development2014Inngår i: Renewable & sustainable energy reviews, ISSN 1364-0321, E-ISSN 1879-0690, Vol. 40, s. 876-885Artikkel, forskningsoversikt (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Considering that the major part of greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide, there is a global concern aimed at reducing carbon emissions. In addition, major consumer countries are looking for alternative sources of energy to avoid the impact of higher fossil fuel prices and political instability in the major energy supplying countries. In this regard, different policies could be applied to reduce carbon emissions, such as enhancing renewable energy deployment and encouraging technological innovation and the creation of green jobs. This study compares three main support mechanisms employed by governments to finance renewable energy development programs: feed-in-tariffs, tax incentives, and tradable green certificates. Considering that many of the promising technologies to deploy renewable energy require investment in small-scale energy production systems, these mechanisms could be used to enhance renewable energy development at the desired scale. Employing a carbon emission tax or emission trading mechanism could be considered ideal policies to mitigate emissions at the lowest cost. The comparison of feed-in-tariffs and renewable portfolio standard policies showed that the former is good when a policy to develop renewable energy sources with a low level of risk for investors is considered. However, the latter is an appropriate policy when a market view policy is applied by the government. Finally, considering technological progress and the cost reduction for power generation by renewable energy sources, we suggest that support mechanism policies should be reconsidered from the financial point of view. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  • 6.
    Abolhosseini, Shahrouz
    et al.
    TEMEP, Seoul National University.
    Heshmati, Almas
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    The Main Support Mechanisms to Finance Renewable Energy Development2014Rapport (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    Considering that the major part of greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide, there is a global concern aimed at reducing carbon emissions. Additionally, major consumer countries are looking for alternative sources of energy to avoid the impact of higher fossil fuel prices and political instability in the major energy supplying countries. In this regard, different policies could be applied to reduce carbon emissions, such as enhancing renewable energy deployment and encouraging technological innovation and creation of green jobs. There are three main support mechanisms employed by governments to finance renewable energy development programs: feed-in-tariffs, tax incentives, and tradable green certificates. Considering that many of the promising technologies to deploy renewable energy require investment in small-scale energy production systems, these mechanisms could be used to enhance renewable energy development at the desired scale. Employing a carbon emission tax or emission trading mechanism could be considered ideal policies to mitigate emissions at the lowest cost. The comparison of feed-in-tariffs and renewable portfolio standard policies showed that the former is good when a policy to develop renewable energy sources with a low level of risk for investors is considered. However, the latter is an appropriate policy when a marketview policy is applied by the government.

  • 7.
    Abolhosseini, Shahrouz
    et al.
    Petr Univ Technol, Natl Iranian Oil Co, Int Affairs, Tehran, Iran.
    Heshmati, Almas
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi. Sogang Univ, Seoul, South Korea.
    Rashidghalam, Masoomeh
    Univ Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
    Energy security and competition over energy resources in Iran and Caucasus region2017Inngår i: AIMS Energy, ISSN 2333-8326, E-ISSN 2333-8334, Vol. 5, nr 2, s. 224-238Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Energy security as a dominant factor in international stability is of great importance for major economies. The global energy market with its current level of supply and demand relies on energy sources in the Middle East, Caucasus, Central Asia and Russia. After the Fukushima disaster nuclear powers in Europe view renewable energy sources as a serious alternative. Europe’s energy vulnerability has deteriorated due to the Russia-Ukraine conflict. However, renewable energy sources are not large enough to replace nuclear power completely. This trend will continue with climbing demand especially in the natural gas sector as clean energy. In this research, Caucasus and Iran are considered the main sources and routes for energy transmission to the global market, including Europe. Caucasus plays a key role in bridging Europe and Asia. Also, Iran is an alternative for energy transmission to Europe after lifted sanctions. As part of the European active supply diversification policy Iran has capacity to reduce Europe’s energy dependency on Russia. However, changes in US new administration America First Policy is harmful for the EUs energy security. Caucasus aims to catch a large share of the European energy market since the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline has started operations and Iran is also trying to expand its market to become a sustainable source of energy for major consumers. Therefore, Iran and Caucasus are considered reliable energy suppliers for Europe. In this regard, we analyze the best motivation for changing the direction new suppliers’ energy policies towards Europe and suggest alternative solutions to compete with rival countries in order to enhance energy security.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 8.
    Abona, Emil
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    The Relationship between Swedish Equity Funds´Management Fees and Performance2007Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    An increasing number of people in Sweden and in the rest of the world are becoming more interested in the mutual fund sector. Investments in mutual funds have grown rapidly these past few years. Nilsson (2004) wrote that 85 percent of the Swedish population invested in mutual funds in 2004. The Swedish Investment Fund Association also found an increase in investments in mutual funds; 83 billion Swedish crowns were invested in mutual funds in 2005, an increase from 56 billion in 2004.

    The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate whether or not there is a relationship between low fee, middle fee, and high fee charging Swedish Equity funds and their respective performance (unadjusted and risk-adjusted returns). The Modigliani & Modigliani (1997) risk-adjusted performance measurement was used to calculate the risk-adjusted performance of the 130 mutual funds. And the linear regression was used to analyze whether or not there was a relationship between the variables (management fee vs. returns/risk-adjusted returns). The mutual funds were also divided into three different categories, based on their management fees; low, middle and high fee mutual funds.

    The analysis illustrated that there was no clear relationship between the management fee and the returns/risk-adjusted returns. There was some connection found between the management fee and the low, middle fee category. However, this research confirms that investors should not believe that a mutual fund which charges higher fees necessarily generate higher returns.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 9.
    Abrahamsson, Robin
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan.
    Augustsson, Rasmus
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan.
    Economic Development and CO2 emissons: A comparison of High- and Middle-income economies2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between economic development and pollution in the middle- and high-income countries for the period between 1960 and 2014. The study is conducted by first testing the environmental Kuznets curve, an economic theory that income has an inverted U-shape relationship with environmental degradation. Later, the Revised environmental Kuznets curve is tested, an economic theory that countries undergoing economic development at a later period will have a lower peak of environmental degradation compared to countries undergoing economic development at an earlier period. Empirical tests of carbon dioxide (CO2) per capita and income (GDP per capita) were conducted in two different panel tests containing middle-income countries in one and high-income countries in the other. The observed relationship shows that a country's early economic development degrades the environment until what is called the turning point is reached, after which the environment improves with further economic development. Thus, the expected inverted U-shape is observed for both MIE and HIE. Furthermore, the tests tell us that the turning point for MIE is significantly lower than for HIE, which is the expected result.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 10.
    Acs, Zoltan J.
    et al.
    LSE, London, UK, George Mason University, Faifax, USA.
    Braunerhjelm, Pontus
    Swedish Entrepreneurship Forum, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Karlsson, Charlie
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi. Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies (CESIS). Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden.
    Philippe Aghion: recipient of the 2016 Global Award for Entrepreneurship Research2017Inngår i: Small Business Economics, ISSN 0921-898X, E-ISSN 1573-0913, Vol. 48, nr 1, s. 1-8Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Professor Philippe Aghion is the 2016 recipient of the Global Award for Entrepreneurship Research, consisting of 100,000 Euros and a statuette designed by the internationally renowned Swedish sculptor Carl Milles. He is one of the most influential researchers worldwide in economics in the last couple of decades. His research has advanced our understanding of the relationship between firm-level innovation, entry and exit on the one hand, and productivity and growth on the other. Aghion has thus accomplished to bridge theoretical macroeconomic growth models with a more complete and consistent microeconomic setting. He is one of the founding fathers of the pioneering and original contribution referred to as Schumpeterian growth theory. Philippe Aghion has not only contributed with more sophisticated theoretical models, but also provided empirical evidence regarding the importance of entrepreneurial endeavours for societal prosperity, thereby initiating a more nuanced policy discussion concerning the interdependencies between entrepreneurship, competition, wealth and growth.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    Fulltext
  • 11.
    Adam, Liljeroos
    et al.
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Hjalmarsson, Gabriel
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Valuation of Amenities in the Housing Market: A Hedonic Price Approach2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    This paper intends to examine what fraction of house prices can be accredited to the distance between residential properties and proximity to parks, water and city centers. Although a large body of work on the subject of amenities and house prices using a hedonic model already exists, we wish to contribute with an in-depth analysis on these variables of focus. The empirical analysis uses a dataset concerning 8319 single family house purchases in the Swedish municipality of Jönköping, collected during the years 2000 to 2011. The main findings show that house prices are negatively effected as the distance increases to amenities and that by testing for land value as the dependent variable, we highlight the importance of geographical location while ignoring charac-teristics surrounding the house.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 12.
    Adewumi, Sarumi
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    The Impact of FDI on Growth in Developing Countries: An African Experience2007Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Magister), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    The paper examines the contribution of foreign direct investment to economic growth in Africa using graphical and regression analysis. Data for the entire continent and data for eleven countries within the continent were used for the empirical analysis. The time series data is from 1970-2003. It was discovered that the contribution of FDI to growth is estimated to be positive in most of the countries but not significant.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 13.
    Adinugrahan, Sapto
    et al.
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Ridwan, Mochamad
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Economics, Finance and Statistics.
    Efficiency of Foreign Debt Portfolio Management in Emerging Economies2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    Fluctuation of exchange rate has affected the increasing burden of foreign debt payment in emerging economies. This issue has negatively influenced the economic growth. It has been a severe obstacle considering that governments have to issue public debt denominated in foreign currency to finance the budget deficit. Hence, there is an urgent necessity to implement an efficient public debt management to minimize the exchange rate exposure. This thesis analyses how efficient the foreign debt portfolio management is in the 14 emerging economies under examination in the period of 1990-2013. Panel Dynamic Fixed-effect Estimator and Granger Causality approach are applied to analyze how responsive the currency composition of foreign debt portfolio to the exchange rates movement. The thesis examines the four biggest foreign debt shares that are denominated in US dollar, Euro, British pound, and Japanese yen, and the related exchange rates movement in the economies under consideration. The observation concludes that the foreign debt portfolio management in these emerging economies is not efficient or not optimal. The evidences prove that changes in the exchange rates of Euro, British pound, and Japanese yen relative to US dollar Granger cause changes in respected debt shares. It means that there is no substitution effects from the appreciation of the currencies vis-à-vis the US dollar during the year of observation.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    Efficiency of Foreign Debt Portfolio Management in Emerging Economies
  • 14.
    Adolfsson, Per
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    Export of Pharmaceutical Products: An analysis of which factors that affects Sweden’s export of pharmaceutical products2007Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Magister), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    The pharmaceutical industry is one of Sweden’s most important export industries with 6% of total exports. The purpose of this thesis is to analyse which factors affect Sweden’s ex-port of pharmaceutical products. Further, the different pharmaceutical products group Sweden exports will be identified. The modern trade theory, the monopolistic competition model, the product life cycle theory and the gravity equation are used to explain and to un-derstand the problem at hand.

    To analyse the problem, data of Swedish export of pharmaceutical products from 1997 to 2003 was used to the 176 destination countries Sweden exported to during the time period. The following factors were used as independent variables; distance, Gross Domestic Prod-uct (GDP) /capita, Area, Population, dummy variable for EU-membership, dummy vari-able for English or Scandinavian speaking countries, dummy variable for bordering to Sweden, dummy variable for same religion as Sweden and a dummy variable for countries that are not land-locked.

    The findings coincide with previous studies in the manner that distance and GDP/capita have a major impact on the sales abroad of pharmaceutical products. Also, countries with a larger population are importing more than countries with a smaller population. However, the strong affinities between the exporter and the importing countries found in previous studies were not found in the export of pharmaceutical products. Further, Sweden exports most of the product group that includes medicaments consisting of mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or prophylactic uses.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 15.
    Adolfsson, Per
    et al.
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    Christensson, Jon
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    Equity funds - and the Relationship between Return and Administration Fees2007Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [sv]

    Sammanfattning

    Antalet investeringsfonder och intresset för dessa har under de senaste åren ökat drama-tiskt. 94 % av den svenska befolkningen mellan 18-74 år sparar i någon form av fond. Un-der 2005 uppgick det totala fondkapitalet till ungefär 1,4 miljarder SEK. Det gör detta till ett viktigt ämne att studera vidare.

    Syftet med denna uppsats att analysera om det är något samband mellan förvaltningsavgif-ter, avkastning, riskjusterad avkastning och marknadsanpassad förvaltningsavgift och av-kastning i svenska aktiefonder. Vidare, skiljer sig prestationen mellan fonder beroende på om de är förvaltade av banker, listade som premiepensionsfonder eller förvaltade av andra fondbolag?

    För att analysera dessa frågor användes ’panel least square’ regressioner. Populationen bestod av 63 aktiefonder inom en tidsram av 20 kvartal. Dummy variabler användes för att särskilja bank- och premiepensionsfonder från den totala populationen.

    Observationerna visade liksom tidigare forskningen blandade resultat. Ingen relation hitta-des mellan avkastning, riskjusterad avkastning och förvaltningsavgift. Detta indikerar att fondbolagen inte tar hänsyn till den förväntade avkastningen när de fastställer sin förvaltningsavgift, vilket överensstämmer med tidigare forskning.

    Ett negativt samband hittades emellertid mellan den marknadsanpassade avkastningen och förvaltningsavgiften.

    Generellt presterade banker i genomsnitt bättre än fondbolag som varken var bank- och/eller premiepensionsfonder när det gäller avkastning, riskjusterad avkastning och marknadsanpassad avkastning. Vidare, fonderna med någon avgift utöver förvaltningsavgif-ten var de med den i genomsnitt näst sämsta gällande avkastning.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 16.
    afentaous, somayya
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan.
    Anoud, Sayegh
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan.
    COVID-19 Impact on Bank Profitability in the Nordic Countries: A study on how lockdown affected Sweden compared to the other Nordic countries2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 17.
    Agbakwuru, Blaise
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan.
    Jiang, Ruiyang
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan.
    The Relationship Between Internet Connectivity and Labor Productivity: A study on the correlation between Internet connectivity and labor productivity in the European Union2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    The level of labor productivity differs among the European Union countries, especially when you compare a developing country to a more developed country in the EU. This is an issue because the achievement of high labor productivity is a necessary stipulation for a developing economy to realize economic growth and more economic development. On the other hand, the more individuals in an economy with access to the internet (internet connectivity) depicts how developed the economy is in terms of information and communication technology (ICT). Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to ascertain whether there is a positive relationship between countries having high internet connectivity and labor productivity in the EU. In doing so, Political and entrepreneurial decision-makers can use these findings to decide how much attention or budget to put on the ICT sector to improve labor productivity. To understand the factors that affect labor productivity, Adam Smith and Karl Marx’s theory on labor productivity is used to gain a better understanding. A panel data analysis using a fixed-effect model and pooled OLS regression model is applied in the study to predict the relationship. The result of the study indicates that internet connectivity does not have a significant impact on Labour productivity, or there was not enough evidence showing that they are positively correlated with each other. 

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    Bachelor Thesis_Agbakwuru_Jiang
  • 18. Agné, Jonas
    The Influence of Default Options on the Timing of Retirement: A study of the automatic payout in the Swedish occupational pension system2022Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis examined a change of the automatic payout age of a Swedish occupational pension agreement. The purpose of the study was to see if the default option can nudge the retirement decision. The study was based on previous behavioral economic research, showing that default options can be strongly influential in the accumulation phase of pension wealth. Using a difference-in-difference framework, the estimation shows no significant result of the default option influencing the labor supply of older workers. The result implies that people could be more rational regarding their retirement than their savings. This result should discourage policymakers from intervening too much in people’s retirement decisions, as it could lead to undesired consequences. To my knowledge, this is the first study to investigate if a default option can influence the retirement decision. 

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 19.
    Agu, Onyekachi
    et al.
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan.
    Hertzberg, Alexander
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan.
    A Theoretical Investigation into the Pricing of Credit Default Swaps: The Role of Reflexivity and the Impact of Asymmetry2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    Mathematical and quantitative sophistication provide financial institutions with scientific methods to price (over the counter) derivative products by the use of historical data and inputs. These inputs attempt to reflect the underlying reality within a company or economy quantitatively. This paper attempts to show how human perceptions based on input metrics that are used to help determine reality do not always offer reliable reflections of the underlying true picture. As a result of these misconceptions within derivative modelling we argue that risk managers must be able to overcome aspects of hidden risk in order to reduce large asymmetric losses within financial institutions.

  • 20.
    Ahl, Helene
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, HLK, Livslångt lärande/Encell.
    Berglund, K.
    Stockholm Business School, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Pettersson, K.
    Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Tillmar, M.
    Linneuniversitet Ekonomihogskolan Växjö, Växjö, Sweden.
    Women's contributions to rural development: implications for entrepreneurship policy2023Inngår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, ISSN 1355-2554, E-ISSN 1758-6534Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: Policy for women's entrepreneurship is designed to promote economic growth, not least in depleted rural areas, but very little is known about the contributions of rural women entrepreneurs, their needs or how the existing policy is received by them. Using a theoretical framework developed by Korsgaard et al. (2015), the authors analyse how rural women entrepreneurs contribute to rural development and discuss the implications for entrepreneurship policy. This paper aims to focus on the aforementioned objectives. Design/methodology/approach: The authors interviewed 32 women entrepreneurs in rural Sweden representing the variety of businesses in which rural Swedish women are engaged. The authors analysed their contributions to rural development by analysing their motives, strategies and outcomes using Korsgaard et al.’s framework of “entrepreneurship in the rural” and “rural entrepreneurship” as a heuristic, interpretative device. Findings: Irrespective of industry, the respondents were deeply embedded in family and local social structures. Their contributions were substantial, multidimensional and indispensable for rural viability, but the policy tended to bypass most women-owned businesses. Support in terms of business training, counselling and financing are important, but programmes especially for women tend to miss the mark, and so does rural development policy. More important for rural women entrepreneurs in Sweden is the provision of good public services, including for example, schools and social care, that make rural life possible. Research limitations/implications: Theoretically, the findings question the individualist and a-contextual focus of much entrepreneurship research, as well as the taken-for-granted work–family divide. How gender and how the public and the private are configured varies greatly between contexts and needs contextual assessment. Moreover, the results call for theorising place as an entrepreneurial actor. Practical implications: Based on the findings, the authors advise future policymakers to gender mainstream entrepreneurship policy and to integrate entrepreneurship and rural development policy with family and welfare state policy. Originality/value: The paper highlights how rural women respond to policy, and the results are contextualised, making it possible to compare them to other contexts. The authors widen the discussion on contributions beyond economic growth, and the authors show that policy for public and commercial services and infrastructure is indeed also policy for entrepreneurship.

  • 21.
    Akinci, Efe
    et al.
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan.
    Li, Jing
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan.
    Bitcoin and Stock Market Indexes Causality2018Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    This paper studies Granger Causality relations between Bitcoin and 5 stock market indexes which are Japan, Russia, South Korea, Sweden and the United States. The time-period examined is from 2013 to 2017 and all the tests are conducted based on daily data.  We analyze this in three different periods, last 5 years (2013-2017), in 2017 and last 3 months of 2017.

    To estimate the relationship, we use unit root test and Augmented Dickey-Fuller, Lagrange Multiplier, Johansen Cointegration Test and finally Granger Causality Test. After the tests, countries have a same integrated order that exhibits a long-run relationship. In causality, except for Russia, each country has affected the Bitcoin prices and being affected in a different period, especially in the last 3 months of 2017, the impact and popularity of Bitcoin affect too much the stock market in the short-run.

    As a result, the causation between Bitcoin and stock market indexes shows impact statistically significant in the 2017 year. The importance of cryptocurrency and popularity not as much as hype like late 2017 in 2018, but we think that cryptocurrencies are one of the major currencies that affect economical world very deeply.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 22.
    Alexandra-Claudia, Minescu
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan.
    The real exchange rate: a factor in the economic growth? -The case of Romania-2012Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 23.
    Alfredsson, Jennifer
    et al.
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    Winther, Alexandra
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    Population Ageing and Average Retirement Age: A cross-sectional analysis on OECD countries2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    The issue of population ageing becomes more prominent, countries will see a change in the population structure where a majority will belong to the cohort aged 65 and over. This shift in the population structure raises challenges which in turn will affect a country’s economic growth. In the future a larger share of people will enter retirement than ever before, and being able to keep individuals to stay in the labour force is one attempt which can increase the economic growth. Today, elderly tend to retire before the withdrawal age which in many countries is set to 65. The purpose of this research is to identify which factors affect individual’s average age at which they tend to retire. This is conducted by the use of a cross-sectional analysis based upon the 36 member countries of OECD where data has been collected from the year 2016. By the use of an Ordinary Least Squares method, results show that factors such as education, old- age dependency ratio, and average salaries are significant factors which all impacts the average retirement age negatively.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 24.
    Al-Hammadany, F. H.
    et al.
    Iraqi Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Seoul National University, South Korea.
    Heshmati, Almas
    Department of Food and Resource Economics, Korea University, South Korea, and Iraqi Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Korea University, South Korea.
    Determinants of internet use in Iraq2011Inngår i: International Journal of Communication, E-ISSN 1932-8036, Vol. 5, nr 1, s. 1967-1989Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The Internet is considered to be today’s most advanced technology and a key to progress in communications and in the exchange of information, goods, services, and technologies. Since its introduction during the late 1960s, the Internet has been instrumental in creating opportunities and conditions for progress in developed and developing nations alike. Not all nations, though, welcome this particular tool of global interconnectivity. One such nation is Iraq, which faces huge challenges in increasing Internet penetration, capacity building, and changing the traditional methods of communications. This study of Iraq’s efforts during this difficult undertaking explores the many factors that define this transition process. It concludes by explaining the determinants of Internet use in Iraq. The results of the study indicate that while Iraqis are eager to adopt this technology in order to reach out to the world, a number of factors are not allowing it to become a public domain. Factors include lack of adequate resources, insufficient incentives and encouragement from the government, and social inhibitions. ©2011 (Firas H. al-Hammadany, Almas Heshmati).

  • 25.
    Al-Hammadany, Firas H.
    et al.
    Ministry of Foreign Affairs Department of Information Technology Baghdad, Iraq.
    Heshmati, Almas
    Department of Food and Resource Economics College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Korea University, East Building Room #217 Anam-dong Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Korea.
    Analysis of the Purpose of Using Internet in Iraq: A Multinomial Logit Model2011Inngår i: Journal of Knowledge Management, Economics and Information Technology, ISSN 2069-5934, Vol. 1, nr 6, s. 1-39Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Internet accessibility is positively correlated with infrastructure development and nature of government policies. Though Iraq has shown considerable increase in Internet connectivity, it constitutes only 10 % of its population. In this study, the significant factors determining the use and non-use of Internet have been identified and analyzed. The results revealed that human development, human capital, institutional and legal environment, existing technologies, government policy making and income levels affect the Internet accessibility. The non-Internet users mainly comprised from 12-25 years age group. Similarly, high school and diploma students constituted significant proportion ofnon-Internet users. Lack of awareness and poor access to Internet facility were quoted as the most significant factors that resulted in the poor Internet accessibility which were supported by the used multinomial logit model. Low income level of the people resulted in non-use of Internet. The use of Internet was found to be highest among those with high level of education. Hence, the measures like provision of ICT based training programs, effective government policy for prioritizing Internet in education sector and allowing most advanced Internet technologies in e-governance and increased efforts for enhancing human development and human capital would enhance the rate of Internet accessibility in Iraq.

  • 26.
    Alhomsi, Moaz
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    Ahmed, Hinda
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    Forecasting of ExchangeRate: Autoregressive modelsvs. XGBoost2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

     In international economics and trading, the exchange rate is important. Forecasting theexchange rate helps in minimizing risks and maximizing profits. The study attempts to test threemodels to forecast EUR/USD exchange rate. Based on previous work by Meese & Rogoff(1983), we replicated the authors work of the Random Walk model of AR(1) on different periodand currency to check if the model was able to forecast the exchange rate. Then we ran ARDLand XGBoost models to find which of the two models performed better than the Random Walkmodel based on different measures. The measures are Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) andDirection Accuracy. First difference was taken to remove unit root from ARDL and XGBoostmodels. Adding lags to the independent variables in addition to the dependent, AR(1), generatedbetter outcome. This is an indication of how variables take different periods to affect thedependent variable. Moreover, choosing leading indicators like economic policy uncertaintyindex and Euro futures helped the model in forecasting. The result showed that ARDL andXGBoost models were able to forecast two periods prior the event took place, while the RandomWalk model was not able to forecast rather it replicated the previous period, i.e., it was lagging. 

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    Forecasting of Exchange rate
  • 27. Alkamisi, M. A.
    et al.
    Khalaf, G.
    Shukur, Ghazi
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    Some Modifications for Choosing Ridge Parameters2006Inngår i: Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods, ISSN 0361-0926, E-ISSN 1532-415X, Vol. 35, nr 11, s. 2005-2020Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 28. Alkamisi, M. A.
    et al.
    Shukur, Ghazi
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    Bayesian Analysis of a Linear Mixed Model with AR(p) errors Via MCMC2005Inngår i: Journal of Applied Statistics, ISSN 0266-4763, E-ISSN 1360-0532, Vol. 32, nr 7, s. 741-755Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 29.
    Alldén, Pontus
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan.
    Joshi, Dev
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan.
    Building a Green Living: Measuring the green bond premium on the Swedish real estate market2021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    Background: With the first green bond being issued in 2008 as a joint venture between World Bank Organization and the Swedish bank SEB the financial instrument has made an impact on the financial markets. With a high demand for sustainable investments in Sweden partly due to policies a premium for the green bonds is to be expected at least according to theory. The real estate market has adapted to the increased demand for green investments by moving more towards green bonds, and rightfully so as it is one of the largest polluters seen by sector. In result, it is also one of the largest issuers of bonds which creates an excellent opportunity to research the industry as there is plenty of data available.

    Purpose: This report will examine the premium of green bonds in the Swedish real estate market. Furthermore, it will also examine the effects of Covid-19 and to what extent this pandemic had an impact on green bonds.

    Method: The thesis examines the Option Adjusted Spread (OAS) of 166 bonds of 9 different companies from the start of 2016 to December 2020 within the Swedish real estate market. Control variables such as Company risk, Market risk and Macroeconomic variables were used in an OLS regression to estimate the premium. The effect of the Covid-19 pandemic was also examined.

    Conclusion: After analyzing 53 green and 113 conventional bonds no significant results were found on how premium differs between green and conventional bonds. However more general findings were found that suggest bonds become more sought during the Covid-19. It was further found that the green bond market is rapidly growing and may in a few years be in a better position to be examined.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    Fulltext
  • 30. Almasri, Abdullah
    et al.
    Shukur, Ghazi
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    Clustering using Wavelet Transformation2008Inngår i: Handbook of research on cluster theory, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar , 2008, s. 169-186Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
  • 31.
    Almlöf, Hanna
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Centre for Family Entrepreneurship and Ownership (CeFEO). Department of Management and Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Bjuggren, Per-Olof
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi. Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Centre for Family Entrepreneurship and Ownership (CeFEO).
    A regulation and transaction cost perspective on the design of corporate law2019Inngår i: European Journal of Law and Economics, ISSN 0929-1261, E-ISSN 1572-9990, Vol. 47, nr 3, s. 407-433Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    For the corporate business model to be successful, it is important to align the interests of those who control and finance the firm. Corporate law has here an important task to fulfill. It offers a legal framework that can facilitate parties to conclude mutually preferable agreements at low transaction costs. The purpose of this paper is to show how to design corporate law to fulfill this task and apply this knowledge to a Swedish case. A two-dimension model that simultaneously considers both the regulation intensity and the level of default of corporate law is presented. The earlier literature treats these dimensions separately. By adding a transaction cost perspective to our model, we assess different regulatory techniques and examine how the Swedish legislation can be amended to help corporations by offering a standard contract that lowers the transaction costs of contracting. This can be achieved if default rules or standards of opt-out character are combined with other regulatory techniques with lower transaction costs such as opt-in alternatives and menus. We also show how our model can be used in other studies as a tool to analyze the design of legal rules. 

  • 32.
    Al-mutawkkil, A.
    et al.
    Techno-Economics and Policy Program, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shillim-dong, Kwanak-gu, Bldg. # 37, Room # 320, Seoul, 151-744, South Korea.
    Heshmati, Almas
    Techno-Economics and Policy Program, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shillim-dong, Kwanak-gu, Bldg. # 37, Room # 320, Seoul, 151-744, South Korea.
    Hwang, J.
    Techno-Economics and Policy Program, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shillim-dong, Kwanak-gu, Bldg. # 37, Room # 320, Seoul, 151-744, South Korea.
    Development of telecommunication and broadcasting infrastructure indices at the global level2009Inngår i: Telecommunications Policy, ISSN 0308-5961, E-ISSN 1879-3258, Vol. 33, nr 3-4, s. 176-199Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The importance of information and communication technology (ICT) in economic development has been increasing rapidly along with the Internet and mobile telecommunication networks. ICT development is becoming a main growth factor of many countries. As they realize the importance of the ICT industry, developing nations work to catch up with established economies. Therefore, many nations are formulating an ICT-enhanced policy. This paper introduces a number of telecommunication and broadcasting sub-indices, which include the fixed telephone network, the Internet, and mobile networks, which are aggregated into a composite Telecommunication Index (TI). The indices are computed using principal component analysis and human development type index methods. The country rankings, by different ICT-related indices, help identify the strengths and weaknesses of infrastructure development such that each country can foster economic growth. The performance of TI is compared with several other indices, such as the digital access, human development, and ArCo technology indices. The type of indices affects the country ratings. Results suggest that the parametric index approach may be preferred over those methods in which the subjective weighted summation of normalized variables used (non-parametric indices). Crown Copyright © 2009.

  • 33.
    Alpfält, Tina
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    Jobben kommer, jobben går...: Skapade och försvunna jobb 2000-20092011Rapport (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Fulltekst (pdf)
    Fulltext
  • 34.
    Alpfält, Tina
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    Trada Patterns in Eastern Europe: The Impact of Distance and the Customs Union Effect2010Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    In 2004 the EU faced its most extensive enlargement ever when ten new countries joined. One can speculate about the reasons for these countries to join the EU and one suggestion that is often found is the access to a larger market and the trade possibilities that would entail; the customs union effect. Therefore this thesis sets out to investigate whether this is plausible; do countries trade more with the EU-countries than their non-EU neighbours? The investigation is conducted through the use of a gravity model. It investigates not only the traditional GDP and distance variables, but also the effects on trade flows caused by sharing borders, being part of the EU and sharing a language. The results show that not much could be seen in the trade flows in 2004; the year of accession. This could be attributed to the existence of preferential trade agreements, which the Eastern European countries had with the EU prior to their accession. It was also found that both the effect of sharing a language and the effect of increased distance are diminishing over the years. In addition a clear difference could be seen in the export from Eastern Europe to EU 15 and the rest of the world; it seems that some extra variables need to be added to explain the non-EU trade. Thus it can be concluded that the motivation for joining the EU should not have been the increased trade possibilities, but rather other factors such as regional development and the possibility to being part of a larger power at international negotiations.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 35.
    Alpfält, Tina
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    Utvärdering av delområdesprognoser 2000-20092011Rapport (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Fulltekst (pdf)
    Fulltext
  • 36.
    Alpfält, Tina
    et al.
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi. Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE). Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies (CESIS).
    Johansson, Börje
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi. Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE). Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies (CESIS).
    Johansson, Sara
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi. Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE). Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies (CESIS).
    Scope of export varieties and innovation milieu of local economies2012Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Innovation by firms and industries requires that the individual firm can combine internal and external knowledge resources. This paper studies product innovations as they are reflected by product varieties and destination markets, combined into observations of firms’ destination-specific varieties(variety pairs). The number of varieties (identified in this way) measuresthe extensive margin of exportflows from industries in local economies, reflecting past product and market (destination) innovations made by industries in each local economy. The empirical analysis identifies for each industry and local economy (i) the intra-industry knowledge resources, (ii) the local access to the supply knowledge-intensive producer services, and (iii) the access to the supply of knowledge-intensive producer servicesoutside the local economy. Thepapercontributes to existing knowledgein several ways. First, it introduces a knowledge-supply accessibility measure to model the local innovation milieu. Second, it shows the joint contribution to product innovation from internal and external knowledge sources. The estimation results supports the hypothesis that innovations are generated in the conjunction of internal and external knowledge.

  • 37.
    Alpízar, Francisco
    et al.
    Environment for Development (EfD), Center for Central America, CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica.
    Martinsson, Peter
    Department of Economics, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Nordén, Anna
    Department of Economics, University of Gothenburg, Lund University, Sweden.
    Do entrance fees crowd out donations for public goods? Evidence from a protected area in Costa Rica2015Inngår i: Environment and Development Economics, ISSN 1355-770X, E-ISSN 1469-4395, Vol. 20, nr 3, s. 311-326Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, we investigate how different levels of entrance fees affect donations for a public good, a natural park. To explore this issue, we conducted a stated preference study focusing on visitors' preferences for donating money to raise funds for a protected area in Costa Rica given different entrance fee levels. The results reveal that there is incomplete crowding out of donations when establishing an entrance fee.

  • 38.
    Alpízar, Francisco
    et al.
    Environment for Development Center for Central America, CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica.
    Nordén, Anna
    Department of Economics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Pfaff, Alexander
    Duke University, Sanford School of Public Policy, Durham, NC, United States.
    Robalino, Juan
    Environment for Development Center for Central America, CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica.
    Spillovers from targeting of incentives: Exploring responses to being excluded2017Inngår i: Journal of Economic Psychology, ISSN 0167-4870, E-ISSN 1872-7719, Vol. 59, s. 87-98Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    A growing set of policies involve transfers conditioned upon socially desired actions, such as attending school or conserving forest. However, given a desire to maximize the impact of limited funds by avoiding transfers that do not change behavior, typically some potential recipients are excluded on the basis of their characteristics, their actions or at random. This paper uses a laboratory experiment to study the behavior of individuals excluded on different bases from a new incentive that encourages real monetary donations to a public environmental conservation program. We show that the donations from the individuals who were excluded based on prior high contributions fell significantly. Yet the rationale used for exclusion mattered, in that none of the other selection criteria used as the basis for exclusion resulted in negative effects on contributions. 

  • 39.
    Alpízar, Francisco
    et al.
    Research Program in Economics and Environment for Development, CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica.
    Nordén, Anna
    Department of Economics, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Pfaff, Alexander
    Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States.
    Robalino, Juan
    Research Program in Economics and Environment for Development, CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica.
    Unintended effects of targeting an environmental rebate2017Inngår i: Environmental and Resource Economics, ISSN 0924-6460, E-ISSN 1573-1502, Vol. 67, nr 1, s. 181-202Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    When designing schemes such as conditional cash transfers or payments for ecosystem services, the choice of whom to select and whom to exclude is critical. We incentivize and measure actual contributions to an environmental public good to ascertain whether being excludedfrom a rebate can affect contributions and, if so, whether the rationale for exclusion influences such effects. Treatments, i.e., three rules that determine who is selected and excluded, are randomly assigned. Two of the rules base exclusion on subjects’ initial contributions. The third is based upon location and the rationales are always explained. The rule that targets the rebate to low initial contributors, who have more potential to raise contributions, is the only rule that raised contributions by those selected. Yet by design, that same rule excludes the subjects who contributed the most initially. They respond by reducing their contributions even though their income and prices are unchanged.

  • 40.
    Al-Sakri, Faisal
    et al.
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan.
    Smet, Michiel
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan.
    Unconventional Monetary Policy in the United States: A study on Quantitative Easing as a stimulus for consumption in the United States2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 41.
    Altmann, Jörn
    et al.
    Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
    Heshmati, Almas
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi. Department of Economics, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea.
    Al-Athwari, Baseem
    Department of Economics, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea.
    Evaluation of e-infrastructure deployment in OECD and MENA countries2017Inngår i: Catalyzing development through ICT adoption: The developing world experience / [ed] H. Kaur, E. Lechman, & A. Marszk, Cham: Springer, 2017, s. 113-148Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper introduces new indices quantifying country's level of e-infrastructure deployment. These indices comprise six components, which include several indicators, and are based on parametric or nonparametric methods. They improve existing indices. Based on index calculations, variations between countries, regions, and over time are analyzed. The data used covers MENA and OECD countries, 2000-2007. Analysis results identified areas, in which countries need improvements, and showed that some MENA countries outperformed some OECD countries. The rankings based on the indices differ only slightly. Additionally, the parametric method-based index produces equally distributed value ranges and shows an overall e-infrastructure improvement over time. 

  • 42.
    Altvater, Christoph
    et al.
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    Kottmann, Nils
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    Exchange Rate Volatility and Trade: An Empirical Analysis of Sweden's Bilateral Trade Flows2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this paper is to test empirically how well three alternative model formulations manage to explain the effect of exchange rate volatility on Sweden’s bilateral trade flows with 15 of its important trading partners. We test this through multiple time series analyses using aggregate data from the OECD, SCB, and Riksbank. None of the models is able to describe Sweden’s bilateral trade flows systematically for the period between February 1995 and October 2011. It is found that the volatility measured with the GARCH method has a significant effect in nine out of the thirty investigated cases. In five cases, we find a negative relationship, while four cases display a positive effect of exchange rate volatility on bilateral trade flows. These mixed results are in line with previous research. Swedish exports seem to be more affected by exchange rate volatility than Swedish imports. In addition, we find some evidence that the volatilities of vehicle currencies have an effect on Swedish bilateral trade flows.  

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    Exchange Rate Volatility and Trade - an Empirical Analysis of Sweden's Bilateral Trade Flows
  • 43.
    Alverhed, Elin
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan.
    Kåvik, Frida
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan.
    The decoupling process of CO2 emissions and economic growth: A comparative study between the European Union and middle income countries in South and East Asia2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    This paper compares and analyzes the decoupling processes of carbon emissions to economic growth in the European Union and South and East Asian middle income countries. This is done through econometric methods, testing for a relationship between CO2 and GDP. The study is conducted by first testing for the hypothesis that there is a significant difference of the turning points between the EU and the Asian region, and thereafter if there is a significant difference in the decoupling processes. The findings show that the Asian middle income countries have a lower turning point than the EU. It is also found that the EU experienced absolute decoupling in 2014, whereas the Asian countries only experienced weak relative decoupling. The study is based on four theories; The Environmental Kuznets curve, Tapio’s Decoupling model Theory, Rostow’s Stage of Growth Theory and the Ecological Modernization Theory. The findings, together with the theories, show that improved technology, together with implementations of international policies, can have positive effects on environmental changes.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 44.
    Amato, Stefano
    et al.
    IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca, Italy.
    Backman, Mikaela
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi. Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE).
    Peltonen, Juhana
    Hanken School of Economics, Helsinki, Finland.
    Are family firms more locally embedded than non-family firms?2021Inngår i: Family business and regional development / [ed] R. Basco, R. Stough & L. Suwala, Abingdon: Routledge, 2021, s. 140-156Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Family firms are a keystone in many countries as they provide employment opportunities and help the economy grow and prosper. As a result, family firms have been extensively studied; however, there are important aspects that still need to be better understood. One of these is the relationship between family firms and the socio-spatial context in which they act, that is, their local embeddedness. This study adds to existing research by placing family firms in their regional context and assessing whether and to what extent they are more locally embedded than their non-family counterparts. We measure local embeddedness through place tenure and distance to the local firm for key firm stakeholders. Our findings show that family firms rely greatly on more enduring and spatially proximate stakeholders and therefore show a stronger link with the socio-economic milieu in which they dwell. Relevant contributions to family business and regional studies, together with public policy implications, are discussed.

  • 45.
    Amato, Stefano
    et al.
    IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Lucca, Italy.
    Basco, Rodrigo
    Sheikh Saoud bin Khalid bin Khalid Al-Qassimi Chair in Family Business, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
    Backman, Mikaela
    Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi. Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE).
    Lattanzi, Nicola
    IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Lucca, Italy.
    Family-managed firms and local export spillovers: evidence from Spanish manufacturing firms2021Inngår i: European Planning Studies, ISSN 0965-4313, E-ISSN 1469-5944, Vol. 29, nr 3, s. 468-492Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    By combining arguments from regional economics and family business research, the aim of this article is to test the relationships among local export spillovers, management characteristics, and export propensity on a large sample of Spanish manufacturing firms over the 2003–2015 period. We find that family-managed firms, compared to their non-family counterparts, benefit more from being located in regions with a high density of exporters. Because of their firm-specific social capital and strong embeddedness in local networks, family-managed firms are better positioned to leverage the spatially bounded flow of knowledge and information in these regions, resulting in a higher likelihood to export than non-family firms. Additionally, our results show that the knowledge spillover effect is stronger for small and low-tech family firms’ export propensity. 

  • 46. Amrar, Fatima Zohra
    The response of the conventional and Islamic stock markets to the Covid-19 pandemic: evidence fron Malaysia.2022Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 47.
    Amundson, Elias
    et al.
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan.
    Möller, Pontus
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan.
    Differences in higher education and relative gender unemployment: An investigation of the periods before and after the Great Recession2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    In the past decade, there has been a shift from a higher female unemployment in 2007 to a higher male unemployment in 2016 on a national level in Sweden. However, from the regional point of view, there are indications of a lower relative unemployment in favor of women in both years. That gap widened over time, and this was likely impacted by several structural, social, and economic changes like the Great Recession and its effects on the labor market. Just like relative gender unemployment, the number of women with a higher education relative to men increased. Hence, the purpose of this study is to find if this relative higher education had a significant effect on relative gender unemployment in all municipalities of Sweden, and if this effect differed in 2007 and 2016. Theories surrounding human capital, gender differences in unemployment, and regional differences are used to lay the foundation for and support the empirical method. The regressions are run using cross-sectional data for the years 2007 and 2016. The results show that relative higher education has a significant effect on relative gender unemployment in both years. Additionally, the effect of that variable does differ between those two years.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 48.
    Andersson, A. E.
    et al.
    Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Johansson, Börje
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi. Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE).
    Anderson, W. P.
    Boston University, Center for Transportation Studies, Boston, United States.
    Preface2019Inngår i: The Economics of Disappearing Distance / [ed] Andersson, Åke E., Johansson, Börje, Anderson, William P, Taylor & Francis, 2019, s. xiii-Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 49.
    Andersson, Anette
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    The Effect of Increased Gender Equality on Economic Growth in Developing Countries2010Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this thesis is to investigate whether an increase in the level of human capital and reduction of gender inequality in the labor market affect developing nation’s growth rate and welfare. The data used in this thesis cover 74 emerging and developing countries for the years of 2001 and 2007. Solow’s augmented growth model has been used to estimate how increased rates of females and males completing primary school effects economic growth in order to see what effect the Millennium Development Goal’s (MDG) target of universal primary education has on the economy. The rates of female and male participation rates in the labor force are also tested for to see if one can determine how reduced gender inequality affects economic growth. The main findings are that increased female and male completion rates in primary school do affect economic growth positively as expected. However, what was not expected was that an increased participation rate of female and male in the labor force affect economic growth negatively. The conclusion is that increased levels of primary education among males and females will increase economic growth. Hence the MDGs of achieving universal primary education and homogenous education between females and males in 2015 are important for economic growth and increase of welfare.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 50.
    Andersson, Anette
    et al.
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    Styf, Sofia
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi.
    How Does a Depreciation in the Exchange Rate Affect Trade Over Time?2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this thesis is to examine how a depreciation in the exchange rate affects the trade balance in an economy over time. The outcomes of a depreciation are possible to analyze through the J-curve phenomenon that shows the relation between the exchange rate and the trade balance both in the short-run and the long-run. The data used in this thesis cover 39 countries and their quarterly changes in exchange rate between 1982 and 2005. The largest depreciation for each country during these years was detected and is the base for this research. In this thesis, focus is on the trade ratio rather than the trade balance for empirical purposes. The relation between the largest depreciations and its effect on the trade ratio are examined in two sets of regressions. The results show no evidence of a J-curve in neither one of the sets of regressions, even though the trade ratio is positively affected by the depreciation. When testing only for significantly large depreciations in the exchange rate the affect on the trade ratio is stronger, all else equal. According to the findings in this thesis, a depreciation in the real effective exchange rate causes the trade ratio to increase immediately and then decrease over time. The conclusion is that the findings are not in line with the J-curve phenomenon tested for; however, they support standard trade theory with the Marshall-Lerner condition being met i.e. a depreciation in the exchange rate will affect the trade balance positively.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT02
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