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Handheld Navigation System Implementation on FPGA Board
Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Computer and Electrical Engineering.
2011 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [en]

The widespread use of navigation devices is increasing rapidly. This all becomes possible mainly due to increased development of hardware, for instance increased computing power (e.g. microcontroller, GPS, Compass) and software.

The Handheld Navigation (HNS) is one of the navigation techniques. It is used in different fields. Just like any-other means of navigation, it is used to determine the position and direction of the user accurately and find the shortest track with precision.

Global Positioning System (GPS) is a technology that can be used to determine position coordinates, time, speed and course over ground. The electronic compass is a traditional device that is used to determine the current directional angle of the user.

The goal of the thesis is to compare the results of directions angle and distance from two designs (direction’s angle and distance are calculated based upon information from GPS receiver and the other direction’s angle and distance are calculated based upon information from GPS receiver and Compass). In the thesis, we have developed dual designs to achieve the goal of the thesis.

The first design uses the GPS receiver coordinates to calculate the direction angle and distance, the second design integrates the GPS positioning and the digital compass, to calculate the direction and distance of Handheld Navigation user. Each device communicates with the microcontroller through the interfaces. As there are two designs. Directional results are obtained from each design. Then these results are compared with each other. After comparison, the more accurate result is chosen for the user.

A Handheld Navigation PCB board design has been made. In addition SD card and LCD display are used. Both designs have been carried out on Altera Cyclone II FPGAs.

The result of the prototyping shows, that the best design for Handheld Navigation System is the design that consists of GPS and Compass because the compass sensing is stable depending on the magnetic north while the previous design depends on calculated direction on movement and then also on the speed of movement.

Abstract [sv]

Handhållna navigationssystem för satellitnavigering, GPS, har blivit allt vanligare. Vid navigation måste man känna till riktningen till målet men också i vilken riktning navigationsutrustningen pekar eftersom detta utgör referens för att beräkna korrigeringar.

Om navigationsutrustningen rör sig med en viss hastighet så kan rörelseriktningen beräknas från ett antal på varandra följande positions- koordinater. Denna metod fungerar bra i t.ex. ett fordon som rör sig med en rimlig hastighet. Om systemet skall användas av en person som går så uppstår problem. Personen kan stanna upp och vrida runt i olika riktningar. Då finns då inga bra tidigare koordinater för att beräkna rörelseriktningen dvs. hur navigationssystemet pekar. När personen sedan rör sig i en viss riktning så måste systemet förflyttas en viss sträcka innan riktningen kan beräknas. Längden på den sträcka som krävs påverkas också av noggrannheten hos koordinatbestämningen. GPS- systemet har en icke försumbar osäkerhet på ett antal meter.

Om en elektronisk kompass används för att bestämma hur navigationssystemet pekar så försvinner kravet på att systemet måste förflyttas för att kunna bestämma sin riktning.

I detta examensarbete har ett GPS baserat navigationssystem utvecklats för att kunna jämföra system baserade på enbart GPS med sådana som har också en elektronisk kompass.

Ett utvecklingskort för programmerbar logik har använts som plattform. Kortets FPGA-krets innehåller både processor, Nios-II soft core, och interface mot givare och minnen.

Resultaten från testerna visar, inte helt oväntat, att ett system med kompass ger en säkrare navigation och en kortare väg mellan start och mål. Detta gäller främst när det finns hinder i vägen.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2011. , p. 78
Keywords [en]
GPS, Compass, FPGA, DE2 Board, Quartus-II, Nios-II
National Category
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-22076OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hj-22076DiVA, id: diva2:651747
Subject / course
JTH, Electrical Engineering; JTH, Electrical Engineering
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2013-09-30 Created: 2013-09-27 Last updated: 2013-09-30Bibliographically approved

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