Implementing remanufacturing as a strategy to achieve circularity in manufacturing companies offers significant benefits in terms of both environmental sustainability and financial performance. However, the development of sustainable remanufacturing systems is accompanied by various complexities and challenges. Companies engaged in remanufacturing must consider solutions that address the three dimensions of sustainability: economic, social, and environmental. Moreover, they need to tackle the unique characteristics associated with remanufacturing systems. This paper aims to investigate aspects covered in existing studies related to the development of sustainable remanufacturing systems. The methodology involves a literature review focusing on three aspects: (1) the triple bottom line of sustainability; (2) capabilities required for establishment of a sustainable remanufacturing system; (3) enablers that can support the development of a sustainable remanufacturing system. By classifying the published literature and conducting a thorough analysis, this paper provides valuable insights for practitioners and researchers, facilitating the creation and accumulation of knowledge in the field of sustainable remanufacturing systems. Furthermore, the paper aims to underscore the significance of this area of research and identify potential avenues for future investigation.