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On the Effectiveness of Rotary Degassing of Recycled Al-Si Alloy Melts: The Effect on Melt Quality and Energy Consumption for Melt Preparation
Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Materials and Manufacturing.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5753-4052
Jacksonville Univ, Sch Engn & Technol, 2800 Univ Blvd N, Jacksonville, FL 32211 USA..
Bryne AB, Abogatan 1, S-34371 Dio, Sweden..
Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Materials and Manufacturing.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0101-0062
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2023 (English)In: Sustainability, E-ISSN 2071-1050, Vol. 15, no 6, article id 5189Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The effectiveness of rotary degassing on the defect formation and mechanical properties of the final casting of aluminium alloy EN AC 46000 was investigated, along with its impact on the energy consumption in the casting furnace. In the melt preparation prior to casting, the molten metal is usually transported from the melting furnace to the casting furnace with rotary degassing as a cleaning procedure. Under the conditions of this specific study, negligible degradation was observed in the mechanical properties of the final cast component in an aluminium EN AC 46000 alloy after removing the rotary degassing step in the process. Furthermore, removing the rotary degassing step led to a reduced temperature drop in the melt, thus minimizing the need for reheating (energy consumption) by up to 75% in the casting furnace. The reduced energy consumption was up to 124,000 kWh in yearly production in a 1500 kg casting furnace. The environmental impact showed a similar to 1500 kg reduction in CO2 for one 1500 kg electrical casting furnace in a year.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
MDPI, 2023. Vol. 15, no 6, article id 5189
Keywords [en]
aluminium, sustainability, energy, casting, carbon footprint
National Category
Materials Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-60220DOI: 10.3390/su15065189ISI: 000960079100001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85186230318Local ID: GOA;intsam;876312OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hj-60220DiVA, id: diva2:1752265
Funder
VinnovaAvailable from: 2023-04-21 Created: 2023-04-21 Last updated: 2024-03-11Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. The effect of microstructural features, defects and surface quality on the fatigue performance in Al-Si-Mg Cast alloys
Open this publication in new window or tab >>The effect of microstructural features, defects and surface quality on the fatigue performance in Al-Si-Mg Cast alloys
2023 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Global warming is driving industry to manufacture lighter components to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Promising candidates for achieving this are aluminium-silicon (Al-Si) cast alloys, which offer a high weight-to-strength ratio, excellent corrosion resistance, and good castability. However, understanding variations in the mechanical properties of these alloys is crucial to producing high-performance parts for critical applications. Defects and oxides are the primary reasons cast components in fatigue applications are rejected, as they negatively impact mechanical properties.

A comprehensive understanding of the correlation between fatigue performance and parameters such as the α-aluminium matrix, Al-Si eutectic, surface roughness, porosities, hydrogen content, oxides, and intermetallic phases in Al-Si castings has not been reached.

The research presented in this thesis used state-of-the-art experimental techniques to investigate the mechanical properties and crack-initiation and propagation behaviour of Al-Si-Mg cast alloy under cyclic loading. In-situ cyclic testing was conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD), digital image correlation (DIC), and focused ion beam (FIB) milling. These techniques enabled a comprehensive study of parameters affecting fatigue performance, including hydrogen content, surface roughness, oxides, and intermetallic phases. More specifically, we investigated the effect of melt quality, copper (Cu) content, oxide bifilms, surface quality, and porosity.

The increased Cu concentration in heat-treated Al-Si alloys increased the amount of intermetallic phases, which affected the cracking behaviour. Furthermore, oxide bifilms were detected at crack-initiation sites, even in regions far away from the highly strained areas. Si- and Iron (Fe)-rich intermetallics were observed to have precipitated on these bifilms. Due to their very small size, these oxides are generally not detected by non-destructive inspections, but affect mechanical properties because they appear to open at relatively low tensile stresses. Finally, Al-Si alloy casting skins showed an interesting effect in terms of improving fatigue performance, highlighting the negative effect of surface polishing for such alloys.

Abstract [sv]

Klimatförändringar runt om i världen driver industrin att tillverka lättare komponenter för att minska utsläppen av koldioxid (CO2). Lovande kandidater för att uppnå detta är aluminium-silikon (Al-Si) gjutna legeringar, som erbjuder hög vikt-till-styrkeförhållande, utmärkt korrosionsbeständighet och god gjutbarhet. Förståelsen av variationer i de mekaniska egenskaperna hos dessa legeringar är dock avgörande för att producera högpresterande komponenter för kritiska tillämpningar. Defekter och oxider är de främsta orsakerna till att gjutna komponenter i utmattningsapplikation avvisas, eftersom de påverkar de mekaniska egenskaperna negativt.

En heltäckande förståelse av sambandet mellan mekaniska egenskaper och parametrar som mikrostrukturella faser, ytfinhet, porositet och oxider i Al-Si-gjutningar har ännu inte blivit fullständigt kartlagd.

Forskningen som presenteras i denna avhandling använde toppmoderna experimentella tekniker för att undersöka de mekaniska egenskaperna samt initiering och propagering av sprickor i Al-Si-Mg-gjutgods under utmattningstester. Dessa tekniker möjliggjorde en omfattande studie av parametrar som påverkar utmattningen, inklusive väteinnehåll, ytfinhet, oxider och intermetalliska faser.

Den ökade Cu-koncentrationen i värmebehandlade Al-Si-legeringar ökade mängden intermetalliska faser, vilket påverkade sprickbeteendet. Vidare upptäcktes oxidfilmer på platser där sprickor initierades, även i områden långt borta från de mest påverkade områdena Kisel och järnfaser observerades ha kärnbildat på dessa oxidfilmer. På grund av deras mycket små storlek upptäcks dessa oxider vanligtvis inte av icke-destruktiva inspektioner, men de påverkar mekaniska egenskaper eftersom de tycks öppna vid relativt låga dragspänningar. Slutligen visade gjutskinnet på Al-Si-komponenter en intressant effekt när det förbättrade utmattningsegenskaperna och belyser den negativa effekten av bearbetning på dessa komponenter.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Jönköping: Jönköping University, School of Engineering, 2023. p. 125
Series
JTH Dissertation Series ; 084
Keywords
Aluminum-Silicon alloys, defects, material characterization, fatigue performance, digital image correlation
National Category
Metallurgy and Metallic Materials
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-62909 (URN)978-91-89785-01-4 (ISBN)978-91-89785-02-1 (ISBN)
Public defence
2023-12-15, E1405 (Gjuterisalen), School of Engineering, Jönköping, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

Included in doctoral thesis in manuscript form.

Available from: 2023-11-21 Created: 2023-11-21 Last updated: 2024-01-08Bibliographically approved

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