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Neighborhood conditions in a Swedish context: Two studies of reliability and validity of virtual systematic social observation using Google Street View
Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Social and Behavioral Studies, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden.
Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
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2023 (English)In: Frontiers in Psychology, E-ISSN 1664-1078, Vol. 14, article id 1020742Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Introduction: The goal of these studies was to investigate the reliability and validity of virtual systematic social observation (virtual SSO) using Google Street View in a Swedish neighborhood context.

Methods: This was accomplished in two studies. Study 1 focused on interrater reliability and construct validity, comparing ratings conducted in-person to those done using Google Street View, across 24 study sites within four postal code areas. Study 2 focused on criterion validity of virtual SSO in terms of neighborhoods with low versus high income levels, including 133 study sites within 22 postal code areas in a large Swedish city. In both studies, assessment of the neighborhood context was conducted at each study site, using a protocol adapted to a Swedish context.

Results: Scales for Physical Decay, Neighborhood Dangerousness, and Physical Disorder were found to be reliable, with adequate interrater reliability, high consistency across methods, and high internal consistency. In Study 2, significantly higher levels of observed Physical Decay, Neighborhood Dangerousness, and signs of garbage or litter were observed in postal codes areas (site data was aggregated to postal code level) with lower as compared to higher income levels.

Discussion: We concluded that the scales within the virtual SSO with Google Street View protocol that were developed in this series of studies represents a reliable and valid measure of several key neighborhood contextual features. Implications for understanding the complex person-context interactions central to many theories of positive development among youth were discussed in relation to the study findings.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Frontiers Media S.A., 2023. Vol. 14, article id 1020742
Keywords [en]
contextual resources, neighborhoods, developmental assets, child and youth development, observational method, systematic social observation, Google street view
National Category
Psychology Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-59528DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1020742ISI: 000929112600001PubMedID: 36777218Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85147745035Local ID: GOA;;858700OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hj-59528DiVA, id: diva2:1731678
Available from: 2023-01-27 Created: 2023-01-27 Last updated: 2023-03-09Bibliographically approved

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