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The financial ambidexterity of the immigrant entrepreneurs: a conceptualization
Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Business Administration. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Family Entrepreneurship and Ownership (CeFEO).
2022 (English)In: International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, ISSN 1355-2554, E-ISSN 1758-6534, Vol. 28, no 9, p. 242-267Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Purpose Access to financing has long been identified as a stumbling block for the economic endeavors of immigrant entrepreneurs (IEs) in host countries. Yet, little is known about the internal enablers for the IEs success to overcome their financing barriers in host countries. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to introduce the theoretical concept of the financial ambidexterity of IEs as a potential behavioral ability some IEs develop over time to access financing in both host and coethnic contexts. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses sociopsychological lenses to introduce and discuss the term "financial ambidexterity of IEs" by synthesizing empirical evidence drawn from the different literature on immigrant entrepreneurship, biculturalism, financial literacy and cultural intelligence. This discussion is carefully embedded within the framework of the immigrant entrepreneurship literature. Findings The study proposes and discusses the role of bicultural identity integration, cultural intelligence and financial literacy in enabling the "financial ambidexterity of IEs." It further defines the "financial ambidexterity of IEs" as their ability to explore and exploit financing opportunities, either simultaneously across the contexts within which they are embedded, e.g. coethnic and mainstream, or alternately in one context when barriers occur in the other. Originality/value The paper mainly contributes to the literature on immigrant entrepreneurship by suggesting an explanation for how IEs overcome financing barriers in their host countries, and why some IEs are more successful in that than other peers. Moreover, the paper attempts to advance the understanding of immigrants' entrepreneurial endeavors using a sociopsychological lens that considers cultural, cognitive and knowledge-related factors.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2022. Vol. 28, no 9, p. 242-267
Keywords [en]
Immigrant entrepreneurship, Financial ambidexterity, Financial literacy, Bicultural identity integration, Cultural intelligence, J15, M13, L26, G20
National Category
Business Administration
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-58402DOI: 10.1108/IJEBR-12-2021-1003ISI: 000842064000001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85136979040Local ID: HOA;;828918OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hj-58402DiVA, id: diva2:1692503
Available from: 2022-09-02 Created: 2022-09-02 Last updated: 2023-10-16Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. The entrepreneurial financing of the immigrant entrepreneurs: An ambidexterity perspective
Open this publication in new window or tab >>The entrepreneurial financing of the immigrant entrepreneurs: An ambidexterity perspective
2023 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The idea of this dissertation originates from the intriguing conflict in practical, political, and academic discourses surrounding immigrant entrepreneurship. This conflict comprises two simultaneously opposing narratives: one acknowledging the substantial barriers impeding immigrant entrepreneurs’ (IEs’) efforts to access finance, and another lauding their remarkable contributions to the economies of host countries. Inspired by this conflict, with a focus on financing, the interest of this dissertation centers on understanding the mechanisms IEs develop to access financing effectively amidst barriers and uncertainty. Accordingly, the dissertation’s primary purpose is to explore the underlying mechanisms shaping the IEs’ financing decisions and behavioral patterns when faced with barriers in host countries.

To this end, the dissertation compiles three research papers, each addressing a pertinent question and offering distinct contributions. The first paper undertakes a systematic literature review of the field at the intersection between immigrant entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial finance. By means of SWOT analysis, the paper sharply defines and delimits the boundaries of the field of entrepreneurial financing for IEs. This definition facilitates the identification of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats within the field and offers prospects for future development. The second paper introduces the concept of the ‘financial ambidexterity of IEs’ as their behavioral response to overcoming financing barriers and uncertainty. In this introduction, the paper proposes a theoretical mechanism underpinned by factors such as bicultural identity integration (BII), cultural intelligence (CQ), and financial literacy (FL) for achieving financially ambidextrous behavior. Lastly, drawing on interviews with Arabic-speaking IEs in Sweden, the third paper presents a refined mechanism of three stages. This mechanism is driven by the interplay between situational and dispositional factors, shaping the financing choices of IEs in response to uncertainty.

In essence, the dissertation contributes to the literature on immigrant entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial finance, and resource dependence theory. In particular, it enriches immigrant entrepreneurship literature by resetting the field of entrepreneurial financing of IEs. Moreover, it introduces the ‘financial ambidexterity of IEs’ as a mechanism to tackle financing barriers. Furthermore, it offers comprehensive insights into IEsʼ financing from situational and dispositional perspectives. Lastly, it shifts the examination of the IEsʼ financing pursuits from a static to a dynamic and interactive landscape. Second, the dissertation adds to the entrepreneurial finance literature by exploring the particular and complex case of IEs’ financing. Third, it advances the resource dependence theory by introducing financial ambidexterity as a novel strategy to mitigate uncertainty and power dynamics at the individual level. Finally, the dissertation offers several practical implications for practice and policy, acknowledges its limitations, and suggests trajectories for future research.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Jönköping: Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, 2023. p. 91
Series
JIBS Dissertation Series, ISSN 1403-0470 ; 157
National Category
Business Administration
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-62673 (URN)978-91-7914-029-8 (ISBN)978-91-7914-030-4 (ISBN)
Public defence
2023-10-27, B1014, Jönköping International Business School, Jönköping, 13:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Henry and Sylvia Toft Foundation
Available from: 2023-10-16 Created: 2023-10-16 Last updated: 2023-10-16Bibliographically approved

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