Purpose 

The aim was to culturally validate a questionnaire about children's/youth's participation to be used in a Swedish context.

Methods

FUNDES-Child, based on the well-established CASP, was chosen. Questions about engagement and hindering factors were added to the existing questions about frequency and independence in 20 activity areas. Using a qualitative, explorative design, 16 interviews with children/youths/caregivers were made to explore opinions about the questionnaire. Follow-up interviews confirmed the result of the revised questionnaire. Qualitative content analysis was performed.

Results

The interviews provided support for the questionnaire's relevance by being a tool to assess important aspects of participation, to gain insights into one's own/the child's participation, and to promote ideas about what causes the degree of participation. To achieve comprehensiveness, no activity area was found to be missing nor superfluous. However, some examples were needed to be modified where "parades" are unusual in Sweden and therefore removed, while "singing in choir" was added. In search for comprehensibility, opinions about the layout of the first version were raised and a varying degree of understanding of wording and concepts were found and thus taken into account.

Conclusions

The questionnaire can be used for establishing meaningful goals and to potentially increase children's participation.

Implications for rehabilitation

• Participation is of great importance for children's functioning, well-being, and development.
• Cultural validation of well-established participation questionnaires is a priority and questions about important aspects of participation need to be included.
• Interviews with children/youth and caregivers guided revisions to reach relevance, comprehensiveness, and comprehensibility of the Swedish FUNDES-Child (FUNDES II-SE).
• Children/youths, caregivers, and others may increase their awareness concerning the child's/youth's participation by responding to the questionnaire.