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Rolling cargo management using a deep reinforcement learning approach
Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Department of Computing, Jönköping AI Lab (JAIL).ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9996-9759
Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Department of Computing, Jönköping AI Lab (JAIL).ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0274-9026
Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Stena Line, Göteborg, Sweden.
Stena Line, Göteborg, Sweden; Centre for Reliable Machine Learning, University of London, London, UK.
2021 (English)In: Logistics, ISSN 2305-6290, Vol. 5, no 1, article id 10Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Loading and unloading rolling cargo in roll-on/roll-off are important and very recurrent operations in maritime logistics. In this paper, we apply state-of-the-art deep reinforcement learning algorithms to automate these operations in a complex and real environment. The objective is to teach an autonomous tug master to manage rolling cargo and perform loading and unloading operations while avoiding collisions with static and dynamic obstacles along the way. The artificial intelligence agent, representing the tug master, is trained and evaluated in a challenging environment based on the Unity3D learning framework, called the ML-Agents, and using proximal policy optimization. The agent is equipped with sensors for obstacle detection and is provided with real-time feedback from the environment thanks to its own reward function, allowing it to dynamically adapt its policies and navigation strategy. The performance evaluation shows that by choosing appropriate hyperparameters, the agents can successfully learn all required operations including lane-following, obstacle avoidance, and rolling cargo placement. This study also demonstrates the potential of intelligent autonomous systems to improve the performance and service quality of maritime transport.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
MDPI, 2021. Vol. 5, no 1, article id 10
Keywords [en]
deep reinforcement learning, cargo management for roll-on/roll-off ships, autonomous tug master, agent based reinforcement learning, collision avoidance
National Category
Computer Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-51990DOI: 10.3390/logistics5010010ISI: 000645584600001Local ID: GOA;;726130OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hj-51990DiVA, id: diva2:1535143
Funder
Knowledge Foundation, DATAKIND 20190194
Note

Special Issue: Applications of AI and Machine Learning Models for Logistics and Supply Chain Management.

Available from: 2021-03-08 Created: 2021-03-08 Last updated: 2021-05-17Bibliographically approved

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Oucheikh, RachidLöfström, Tuwe

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