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Facit and the displacement of mechanical calculators
Chalmers University of Technology and the Ratio Institute, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8625-8744
2013 (English)In: IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, ISSN 1058-6180, E-ISSN 1934-1547, Vol. 35, no 3, p. 20-31, article id 6517426Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This article explains why Facit, a Swedish manufacturer of mechanical calculators, typewriters, and office furniture, collapsed in the shift from mechanical to electronic calculators in the early 1970s. Facit struggled to develop its own electronic calculators because its competencies were related to mechanics rather than electronics. Because the firm was located in a small company town in Sweden, it was difficult for Facit to access skilled labor related to electronics. Also, a lot of firms entered the industry with the shift to electronics and the increased competitive rivalry further augmented Facit's problems. The rapid development of integrated circuits in 1967-1972 implied that all these structural changes happened in a short period of time, putting firms such as Facit in a problematic situation.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IEEE, 2013. Vol. 35, no 3, p. 20-31, article id 6517426
Keywords [en]
electronic calculators, electronics, Facit, history of computing, integrated circuits, mechanical calculators, office machines, Sharp, technological discontinuity, Technological discontinuities, Electronic equipment, Industrial relations, Mathematical instruments, Electronics industry
National Category
Business Administration
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-48766DOI: 10.1109/MAHC.2013.14ISI: 000325118700003Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84885595479OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hj-48766DiVA, id: diva2:1434684
Available from: 2020-06-03 Created: 2020-06-03 Last updated: 2020-06-03Bibliographically approved

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Sandström, Christian

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