Background: Play and leisure comprise two vital occupations in children’s and adolescents’ life. These occupations are sometimes conflated without clear distinctions between them.  Occupational therapists need to assess them via standardized assessments to determine limitations to occupational engagement. Aims/Objectives: This study aims to identify available assessments for play and leisure and map these in regard to the elements of each occupation; considering distinctions, overlaps and similarities between play and leisure to enhance knowledge of these occupations. Methods: Five databases were searched along with manual searches of relevant references. Included articles provided access to test items, to enable content analysis of items of either play or leisure. Results:Fifteen assessments were identified for play and leisure. Seven common elements were included across assessments. Play also involved spontaneity and non-literality whereas leisure assessments incorporated community participation, relaxation and identity. Conclusion:Two assessments covered all pre-defined elements of play whereas none of the leisure assessments captured all pre-defined elements. Significance: Play and leisure share common characteristics, contributing to a lack of distinction between these two concepts. Further research is required in order to understand and differentiate each occupation as well as more assessment tools that will cover all aspects of each occupation.