Business communities are networked organisations with members from different industries aiming at coordinating their activities for production of the final product/service. Forming a network of companies requires “understanding” of the different companies’ organisational competences. Competence management can help solving this task. This paper starts with presenting our earlier work in competence management projects aimed at supporting creation of business networks. Three cases are introduced: formation of business relationships with developing countries, competence supply in flexible supply networks, and collaborative product innovation. Based on experiences from these projects, competence management requirements for business community creation are identified and a conceptual framework for supporting the identified requirements is proposed. This framework considers competence management as an essential part of participation in business communities and conceptually integrates organisational and individual competence development. Enterprise models can be employed for supporting competence management and competence development in business community within the framework.