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Smart manufacturing support to product platforms in industrialized house building
Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Supply Chain and Operations Management. Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Industrial Product Development, Production and Design.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2492-5393
Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Industrial Product Development, Production and Design, JTH, Product design and development (PDD).ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2239-973X
Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Industrial Product Development, Production and Design.
2019 (English)Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Swedish house building companies currently face many challenges in terms of fluctuating market demand, need for flexible product offering, non-uniform governmental regulations, high costs, and long lead times. These challenges affect both internal and external efficiency of companies. Product platforms have been used for more than a decade in this industry to improve both internal and external efficiency. However, the industry is still criticized for its inefficient and costly process. Smart manufacturing has emerged as means to improve the efficiency of internal processes and the question is if and how smart manufacturing can complement and support product platforms in industrialized house building. The aim of this study is to explore the potential of smart manufacturing to complement and support product platforms in theory and practice in the context of industrialized house building. A literature review and a multiple case study were chosen to fulfill the study objective. In total fourteen semi-structured interviews were conducted in two timber house building companies. The data was analyzed within and across cases using four platform assets for categorization: components, processes, knowledge and relationships. The results show that the smart manufacturing technologies are in both theory and practice mainly supporting the process platform asset through developing vertical and horizontal IT systems integration, definition and digitalization of flexible building systems, and transferring explicit drafting and engineering knowledge into parametric modelling tools.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2019.
Keywords [en]
Industry 4.0, smart production, process platform, off-site manufacturing, timber frame
National Category
Production Engineering, Human Work Science and Ergonomics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-43826OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hj-43826DiVA, id: diva2:1318913
Conference
Modular and Offsite Construction Summit 2019, May 21-24 2019, Banff, Canada
Available from: 2019-05-29 Created: 2019-05-29 Last updated: 2020-08-27
In thesis
1. Smart manufacturing for the wooden single-family house industry
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Smart manufacturing for the wooden single-family house industry
2020 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

To meet the demand of future building requirements, and to improve productivity and competitiveness, there is a need to modernize and revise the current practices in the wooden single-family house industry. In several other sectors, intensive work is being done to adapt to the anticipated fourth industrial revolution. The manufacturing industry has already begun its transformation with concepts such as smart manufacturing and Industry 4.0. So far, smart manufacturing has not been discussed to any significant extent for the wooden single-family house industry, even though it might be a way for this industry to improve productivity and competitiveness.

The research presented in this thesis aims at increased knowledge about what smart manufacturing means for the wooden single-family house industry. This requires investigating what smart wooden house manufacturingis, what challenges that might be associated with it, and how smart wooden house manufacturing can be realized. At the core of this thesis is the conceptualization of smart wooden house manufacturing—when realized, it is expected to contribute to improve the competitiveness of the wooden single family house industry.

The findings presented here are based on three Research Studies. Two studies were case studies within the wooden single-family house industry. The third study was a traditional literature review.

The findings revealed two definitions and 26 components of smart wooden house manufacturing. At large, smart wooden house manufacturing emphasizes digital transformation with a focus on digital information flow, how to add information, information compilation, and information distribution between systems/programs and departments. Some of the challenges associated with smart wooden house manufacturing are, e.g. culture, competence and manual transfer of information between systems.

The findings indicate similarities of smart wooden house manufacturing within certain components of industrialized house building and Industry 4.0, these components could enable the realization of smart wooden house manufacturing.

Abstract [sv]

För att möta efterfrågan på framtida byggkrav och för att förbättra produktiviteten och konkurrenskraften finns det ett behov av att modernisera och revidera nuvarande tillvägagångssätt inom träsmåhusindustrin. I flera andra sektorer arbetas det intensivt med att anpassa sig till den förväntade fjärde industriella revolutionen. Tillverkningsindustrin har redan påbörjat sin omvandling med koncept som smart manufacturing och Industry 4.0. Hittills har smart manufacturing inte diskuterats i någon större utsträckning för träsmåhusindustrin, även om det kan vara ett sätt för denna industri att förbättra produktiviteten och konkurrenskraften.

Forskningen som presenteras i denna avhandling syftar till ökad kunskap om vad smart manufacturing innebär för träsmåhusindustrin. Detta kräver undersökning av vad smart trähustillverkning är, vilka utmaningar som kan vara förknippade med det och hur smart trähustillverkning kan realiseras. Kärnan i denna uppsats är begreppsframställningen av smart trähustillverkning—när det realiserats förväntas det bidra till att förbättra konkurrenskraften för träsmåhusindustrin.

Resultaten som presenteras här är baserat på tre forskningsstudier. Två studier var fallstudier inom träsmåhusindustrin. Den tredje studien var en traditionell litteraturstudie.

Resultaten avslöjade två definitioner och 26 komponenter av smart träshustillverkning. Sammanfattningsvis betonar smart trähustillverkning digital transformation med fokus på digitalt informationsflöde, hur man lägger till information, sammanställning av information och informationsfördelning mellan system / program och avdelningar. Några av utmaningarna associerade med smart trähustillverkning är t.ex. kultur, kompetens och manuell överföring av information mellan system.

Resultaten indikerar likheter mellan smart träshustillverkning inom vissa komponenter av industriellt husbyggande och Industry 4.0, dessa komponenter skulle kunna möjliggöra realiseringen av smart trähustillverkning.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Jönköping: Jönköping University, School of Engineering, 2020. p. 97
Series
JTH Dissertation Series ; 052
Keywords
smart wooden house manufacturing, smart manufacturing, Industry 4.0, smart factory, industrialized house building
National Category
Construction Management
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-48249 (URN)978-91-87289-55-2 (ISBN)
Presentation
2020-05-28, da Vinci (E4106) / Via Zoom, Jönköping University, School of Engineering, Jönköping, 15:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2020-05-04 Created: 2020-05-04 Last updated: 2023-09-13Bibliographically approved
2. The development and use of product platforms in single-family industrialized house building
Open this publication in new window or tab >>The development and use of product platforms in single-family industrialized house building
2020 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Single-family industrialized house building is a trade characterized by a complete predefinition of products with off-the-shelf solutions offered to a market niche. Limited customization is included in the offerings in the form of a modular configuration of predefined components. A high level of prefabrication, often including volumetric elements, enables high efficiency in product variant realization processes, specifically, product specification, manufacturing, and on-site assembly. However, as the current markets are dynamic and often volatile, such offerings do not suffice in securing the success of business. Instead, offerings that include flexible product concepts with lower levels of predefinition and the concurrent achievement of high efficiency in processes using volumetric element prefabrication are needed. In this research, realizing this is characterized as the adoption of high-level mass customization.

The main value of the presented research for the practice is support for single-family industrialized house building in adopting high-level mass customization. The main enablers for the adoption of both lower and higher levels of mass customization are product platforms. The research on the development and use of product platforms has, however, been conducted mainly in multi-family industrialized house building. The differences in the types of offerings and customers between single-family and multi-family industrialized house building, reveal a research opportunity to study the development and use of product platforms in single-family industrialized house building. More specifically, the knowledge gaps include a lack of understanding regarding: the development and use of product platforms from a business model perspective, challenges for the development and use of product platforms when adopting high-level mass customization and support in addressing the identified challenges.

Therefore, the research purpose is to add to the knowledge on the development and use of product platforms and support that enables the adoption of high-level mass customization in single-family industrialized house building. The Design Research Methodology framework was used to plan and design the research. The research was conducted iteratively through four stages named: research clarification, descriptive study I, prescriptive study, and descriptive study II. The results provide an increased understanding regarding the development and use of product platforms in single-family industrialized house building through a coherent description of the product platform alignment phenomenon and the identified challenges when high-level mass customization is adopted. The results also increase knowledge regarding support in the development and use of product platforms that address the identified challenges. This part of the results is twofold. Firstly, an information modelling method is proposed, and it demonstrates how product platform use can be modelled in the design process of single-family industrialized house building. Secondly, the results demonstrate how the design module construct can be modelled using the design assets throughout the design process. To exemplify the design module construct, a configuration of the flexible volumetric elements and the panelized elements they are composed of is proposed. Process efficiency during the predefinition and modify-to-order specification of design modules is addressed. The presented research makes knowledge contributions to the theoretical fields of product platforms, building information management and business models.

Abstract [sv]

Villaindustrin är en branch som kännetecknas av fullständigt fördefinierade produkter med standard lösningar som erbjuds till en marknadsnisch. En begränsad anpassning ingår ofta i erbjudandena i form av en modulär konfiguration av fördefinierade komponenter. En hög prefabriceringsnivå, ofta bestående av volymelement, möjliggör hög effektivitet i produktvarianternas realiseringsprocesser, i synnerhet i produktspecifikation, tillverkning och montage på byggplats. Eftersom de nuvarande marknaderna är dynamiska och ofta volatila räcker emellertid inte sådana erbjudanden till för att säkerställa framgångsrika affärer. Istället behövs erbjudanden som inkluderar flexibla produktkoncept med lägre nivåer av fördefinition och som samtidigt uppnår en hög effektivitet i processer med användning av prefabricering av volymelement. I denna forskning kännetecknas denna realisering av användandet av höggradig mass-kundanspassning eller mass customization. Den industriella nyttan av den presenterade forskningen är att skapa stöd för villaindustrin att uppnå en höggradig mass customization.

De viktigaste möjliggörarna för att uppnå mass customization är produktplattformar. Forskning om utveckling och användning av produktplattformar har emellertid huvudsakligen bedrivits inom industriellt husbyggandet av flerfamiljshus. Skillnaderna i olika typer av erbjudanden och kunder mellan industriellt husbyggandet av flerfamiljshus och villaindustrin påvisar en forskningsmöjlighet att studera utvecklingen och användningen av produktplattformar inom villaindustrin. Mer specifikt inkluderar kunskapsgapen en brist för förståelse av: utveckling och användning av produktplattformar ur ett affärsmodellperspektiv, utmaningar för utveckling och användning av produktplattformar vid användning av höggradig mass customization och stöd för att hantera de identifierade utmaningarna.

Denna forskning syftar därför till att öka kunskapen om utveckling och användning av produktplattformar och stöd som möjliggör införandet av höggradig mass customization i villaindustrin. Design Research Methodology ramverket användes för att planera och designa forskningen. Forskningen genomfördes iterativt genom fyra stadier: (1) klargörande av forskningsuppgift, (2) beskrivande studie I, (3) föreskrivande studien och (4) beskrivande studie II. Resultaten ger en ökad förståelse för utveckling och användning av produktplattformar i villaindustrin genom en sammanhängande beskrivning av produktplattformens anpassningsfenomen och de identifierade utmaningarna som uppstår vid höggradig mass customization. Resultaten ger ökad kunskap om stöd vid utveckling och användning av produktplattformar som hanterar de identifierade utmaningarna. Denna del av resultaten omfattar två delar. För det första föreslås en metod för informationsmodellering som visar hur produktplattformanvändning kan modelleras i konstruktionsprocesser inom villaindustrin. För det andra visar resultaten hur design modul kan modelleras med hjälp av designtillgångarna under hela konstruktionsprocessen. För att exemplifiera ett design modul koncept föreslås en konfiguration av de flexibla volymelementen och de planelementen som de är sammansatta av. Processeffektivitet under produktfördefinition och modify-to-order produktspecifikation av designmoduler adresseras. Den presenterade forskningen ger kunskapsbidrag till de teoretiska områdena produktplattformar, BIM och affärsmodeller.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Jönköping: Jönköping University, School of Engineering, 2020. p. 65
Series
JTH Dissertation Series ; 055
Keywords
House-building industry, Modern methods of construction, Production strategy, Platform-based development, Product lifecycle management, PLM, BIM, Engineer-to-order
National Category
Construction Management
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-50422 (URN)978-91-87289-58-3 (ISBN)
Public defence
2020-09-25, Gjuterisalen (E1405), Tekniska Högskolan, Jönköping, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2020-08-27 Created: 2020-08-27 Last updated: 2021-04-06Bibliographically approved

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