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Ownership and bank efficiency in Africa: True fixed effects stochastic frontier analysis
College of Business and Economics, University of Rwanda, Rwanda.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2662-2479
Long Island University-Post, USA.
Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Economics, Finance and Statistics. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Spatial Economics (CEnSE). Linnaeus University Växjö, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5776-9396
2021 (English)In: Journal of Financial Stability, ISSN 1572-3089, E-ISSN 1878-0962, Vol. 54, article id 100886Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This paper investigates the effects of ownership patterns on bank cost and profit efficiencies taking a sample of 607 commercial banks operating in 53 African countries during the period 2005-2015. Using pooled and modified true fixed effects (TFE) stochastic frontier panel approaches, the following results are obtained: First, foreign-owned banks are more profit and cost efficient than their domestic peers. Second, privately-owned banks outperform state-owned banks. These findings result not only from internal efficiencies but also from differences in other bank-level and country-level factors. Specifically, larger and listed banks with many years of operations in host African countries, and favorable macro-economic conditions improve the cost and profit efficiencies of foreign-owned and private-owned banks (foreign and domestic) compared to state-owned domestic banks. Other findings of this study show that ownership concentration (block-holding) has adverse effects for profit and cost efficiencies of banks.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2021. Vol. 54, article id 100886
Keywords [en]
Ownership, Blockholding, Efficiency, Stochastic frontier analysis, Fixed effects
National Category
Economics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-43217DOI: 10.1016/j.jfs.2021.100886ISI: 000670127500003Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85107819511Local ID: HOA;intsam;1292486OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hj-43217DiVA, id: diva2:1292486
Note

Included in thesis in manuscript form.

Available from: 2019-02-28 Created: 2019-02-28 Last updated: 2021-07-22Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Institutions, regulations, performance and stability of African banks
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Institutions, regulations, performance and stability of African banks
2019 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This thesis consists of four independent papers preceded by the introductory chapter linked through the thesis title. The first two papers focus on determinants of bank stability, while the other two focus on the determinants of bank performance.

Paper one assesses the effects of bank compliance with Basel III liquidity and capital requirements on lending and stability. African banks complying with the liquidity threshold above median lend more but are less stable. However, banks above the median capital requirement are more stable but lend less. Compliance depend on central banks’ supervision, regulatory quality, and legal systems.

Paper two investigates how legal systems and institutions influence central banks’ provision of supervisory guidance on corporate governance, and via this channel, affect governance and stability of banks. The publication of supervisory guidance on corporate governance helps banks to improve internal governance and stability, conditional on countries’ legal traditions and institutional quality.

Paper three investigates why legal traditions matter for law development, institutions for creditors and investors, as well as the development of banking systems. The paper provides strong supports for the law and finance theory that legal traditions strongly matter for legal systems development in common law countries but provide partial support for the influence of institutions on bank systems development.

The fourth paper investigates the role of ownership on bank efficiency. A novel approach is applied which addresses the incidental parameter problem associated with Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). Results show both cost and profit efficiency’ superiority of foreign and privately-owned banks.

Abstract [sv]

Avhandlingen består av fyra oberoende artiklar samt en introduktion som binder samman avhandlingen. De två första artiklarna fokuserar på determinanter av bankstabilitet, medan de andra två fokuserar på determinanterna för bankprestanda.

I den första artikeln utvärderas effekterna av bankernas uppfyllelse av Basel III:s likviditets och kapitalkrav på utlåning och stabilitet. Afrikanska banker som ligger på medianen vad gäller likviditet lånar ut mer, men är mindre stabila. Bankerna som ligger över mediankapitalkravet är stabila men lånar ut mindre. Bankernas benägenhet att efterleva kraven beror på centralbankernas tillsyn, regelverkets kvalitet och rättssystemet.

I artikel två undersöks hur rättssystem och institutioner påverkar centralbankernas tillhandahållande av tillsynsriktlinjer för bolagsstyrning, och hur bankernas styrning och stabilitet påverkas av dessa. Offentliggörandet av tillsynsriktlinjer för bolagsstyrning hjälper bankerna att förbättra den interna styrningen och stabiliteten, avhängigt ländernas rättsliga traditioner och institutionella kvalitet.

I artikel tre undersöks varför juridiska traditioner spelar roll för lagarnas utveckling, för institutioner för borgenärer och investerare samt för utvecklingen av banksystemet. Artikeln ger starkt stöd för de teorier inom juridik och finans som säger att juridiska traditioner spelar stor roll för utvecklingen av rättssystemet i länder med sedvanerättsregler, men ger bara delvis stöd för institutionernas inflytande på banksystemets utveckling.

Det fjärde artikeln studeras hur ägarförhållanden påverkar en banks effektivitet. Ett nytt tillvägagångssätt tillämpas som adresserar det tillfälliga parameterproblemet associerat med Stokastisk gränsanalys (SFA). Resultatet visar på överlägsen kostnads- och vinsteffektivitet hos både utländska och privatägda banker.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Jönköping: Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, 2019. p. 41
Series
JIBS Dissertation Series, ISSN 1403-0470 ; 130
National Category
Business Administration
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-43218 (URN)978-91-86345-92-1 (ISBN)
Public defence
2019-03-22, B1014, Jönköping International Business School, Jönköping, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2019-02-28 Created: 2019-02-28 Last updated: 2021-05-27Bibliographically approved

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Mutarindwa, SamuelStephan, Andreas

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