Capability thinking characterizes an organizational mindset. It puts capabilities in focus of the business model and information systems development. Capability thinking is expected to help organizations and in particular digital enterprises increase flexibility and agility in adapting to changes in their economic and regulatory environments. Capability management denotes the principles and organizational means of how capability thinking should be implemented in an organization. This book is devoted to capability management in digital enterprises, and the capability-driven development (CDD) methodology in particular. This chapter introduces the basic principles of capability thinking, such as the business needs for context-dependent and adaptable business solutions, key aspects of capability thinking, capability management life cycle, and the principle of method component used to structure the CDD methodology. The chapter is rounded up with a presentation of the rest of chapters in this book.