This paper studies the role played by land consolidation for consumption growth in Rwanda. Data on 1 920 farm households, observed in two-time periods, are used to estimate a first-differenced model with matched control groups to account for selection bias and placement effects. Results indicate that an increase in the amount of land in consolidation result in higher consumption growth, results are robust to changes in model specification and estimation method. Results also point to the importance of market linkages and external economies present in urban areas, indicating that locational factors play a key in the consumption growth process.