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Physical activity related to mastery and vitality in a Swedish adult population with economic difficulties
Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. ADULT. Unit for Research and Development in Primary Care, Futurum - Academy for Health and Care, Region Jönköping County, Jönköping, Sweden; Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5834-7494
Unit for Research and Development in Primary Care, Futurum - Academy for Health and Care, Region Jönköping County, Jönköping, Sweden; Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Nursing Science. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. CHILD. Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Futurum - Academy for Health and Care, Region Jönköping County, Jönköping, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0156-6677
Unit for Health, Medicine and Care, Department of Medicine and Health, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
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2021 (English)In: BMC Public Health, E-ISSN 1471-2458, Vol. 21, no 1, article id 2193Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Sustainable development
Sustainable Development
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: People with low socio-economic status report lower levels of physical activity (PA). There is insufficient knowledge about the availability of psychological resources for those who are physically active despite having a low socio-economic status. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between PA level and mastery and vitality, respectively, within an adult population with self-reported economic difficulties.

METHOD: Data from a cross-sectional, population-based study (n = 817) were used. Linear regression was used to estimate the unstandardised regression coefficient (β) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), describing associations between PA levels (independent variable) and scale scores of psychological resources in terms of mastery and vitality (outcome variables). Three models were constructed: Model I unadjusted; Model II adjusted for sex and age; and Model III adjusted for sex, age, smoking and food quality.

RESULT: After adjusting for sex, age, smoking and food quality and using low-level PA as the reference, high-level PA, but not intermediate-level PA, was related to higher scale scores of mastery (β = 0.72 [95% CI 0.08 to 1.37]). For vitality, both high-level PA and intermediate-level PA were related to higher scale scores (β = 9.30 [95% CI 5.20 to 13.40] and β = 6.70 [95% CI 1.40 to 12.00] respectively).

CONCLUSION: In an adult population with self-reported economic difficulties, higher levels of physical activity were related to higher mastery and vitality. Our results support that the association between physical activity and psychological resources in terms of mastery and vitality should be considered in the context of targeted health dialogues.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
BioMed Central, 2021. Vol. 21, no 1, article id 2193
Keywords [en]
Health promotion and salutogenesis, Mastery, Physical activity, Psychological resources, Vitality
National Category
Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-55222DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12194-6ISI: 000723996700005PubMedID: 34847894Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85120542455Local ID: GOA;;780875OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hj-55222DiVA, id: diva2:1616208
Funder
Futurum - Academy for Health and Care, Jönköping County Council, SwedenSwedish Heart Lung FoundationAvailable from: 2021-12-02 Created: 2021-12-02 Last updated: 2024-03-07Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. To do or not to do? Physical activity in relation to socioeconomic status and health – a salutogenic perspective in the context of targeted health dialogues
Open this publication in new window or tab >>To do or not to do? Physical activity in relation to socioeconomic status and health – a salutogenic perspective in the context of targeted health dialogues
2024 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

It is well known that physical activity (PA) has a major positive impact on health and that the performance of PA is lower in low socioeconomic groups. However, more knowledge about the relationship between PA and health is needed especially between and within socioeconomic groups.

This thesis aimed, from a salutogenic perspective, to increase the understanding of the relationship between physical activity and health in the adult population, with a particular focus on people with economic difficulties. A further aim was to validate questions about physical activity and to explore the people’s experiences of PA from a sense of coherence perspective, all in the context of targeted health dialogues.

The first study in this thesis is a validation study. It validates a PA interview form and questions about sedentary time used in the targeted health dialogues. Studies II and III comprise quantitative analyses of PA, health and psychological factors in the population, especially in groups with low socioeconomic status (SES). Study IV is a qualitative deductive study based on interviews with participants with low SES in the targeted health dialogues. The deductive analysis contains the participants’ experiences of PA from a sense of coherence perspective.

The findings in study I showed that the interview form and the single-item question about sedentary time could be considered as acceptable to use in Swedish targeted health dialogues. In study II, physically active people with low SES were shown to have the same odds of reporting good self-rated health compared to those with low PA and high SES. The findings in study III showed that within the group of people with self-reported economic difficulties, higher levels of PA were related to better mastery and more vitality. Study IV showed that it is essential for the participants to have an awareness of the health benefits of PA and their challenges in performing PA. The participants also constructed a plan to follow while utilising their resources, and their intrinsic motivation to achieve the PA recommendations and the PA benefits.

This thesis brings a deeper knowledge and understanding of the healthperspective of PA. This knowledge can be used to further develop thetargeted health dialogues in a salutogenic way. It will give people,especially those with lower SES, the opportunity to use their resourcesto increase PA and thereby improve their future health.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Jönköping: Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, 2024. p. 93
Series
Hälsohögskolans avhandlingsserie, ISSN 1654-3602 ; 133
Keywords
health, mastery, physical activity, quality of life, salutogenesis, self-rated health, sense of coherence, targeted health dialogues, vitality
National Category
Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-63764 (URN)978-91-88669-41-4 (ISBN)978-91-88669-42-1 (ISBN)
Public defence
2024-04-05, Forum Humanum, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping, 09:00 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2024-03-07 Created: 2024-03-07 Last updated: 2024-03-07Bibliographically approved

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Johansson, LisbethGolsäter, MarieFransson, Eleonor I.

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