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Learning by simulation in prehospital emergency care: an integrative literature review
Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1641-6321
Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper.
Högskolan i Borås.
Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9363-5667
2016 (English)In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 30, no 2, p. 234-240Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: Acquiring knowledge and experience on high-energy trauma is often difficult due to infrequent exposure. This creates a need for training which is specifically tailored for complex prehospital conditions. Simulation provides an opportunity for ambulance nurses to focus on the actual problems in clinical practice and to develop knowledge regarding trauma care. The aim of this study was to describe what ambulance nurses and paramedics in prehospital emergency care perceive as important for learning when participating in simulation exercises.

METHODS: An integrative literature review was carried out. Criteria for inclusion were primary qualitative and quantitative studies, where research participants were ambulance nurses or paramedics, working within prehospital care settings, and where the research interventions involved simulation.

RESULTS: It was perceived important for the ambulance nurses' learning that scenarios were advanced and possible to simulate repeatedly. The repetitions contributed to increase the level of experience, which in turn improved the patients care. Moreover, realism in the simulation and being able to interact and communicate with the patient were perceived as important aspects, as was debriefing, which enabled the enhancement of knowledge and skills. The result is presented in the following categories: To gain experience, To gain practice and To be strengthened by others.

CONCLUSION: Learning through simulation does not require years of exposure to accident scenes. The simulated learning is enhanced by realistic, stressful scenarios where ambulance nurses interact with the patients. In this study, being able to communicate with the patient was highlighted as a positive contribution to learning. However, this has seldom been mentioned in a previous research on simulation. Debriefing is important for learning as it enables scrutiny of one's actions and thereby the possibility to improve and adjust one's caring. The effect of simulation exercises is important on patient outcome.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley & Sons, 2016. Vol. 30, no 2, p. 234-240
Keywords [en]
accident and emergency; acute care; advanced nursing practice; clinical nurse specialist; emergency; paramedical care
National Category
Nursing
Research subject
Nursing Science
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-37692DOI: 10.1111/scs.12252ISI: 000383802300003PubMedID: 26333061OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hj-37692DiVA, id: diva2:1150829
Available from: 2015-12-04 Created: 2017-10-20 Last updated: 2017-10-20Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Simulering som lärande inom prehospital akutsjukvård
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Simulering som lärande inom prehospital akutsjukvård
2017 (Swedish)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Alternative title[en]
Simulation as learning in prehospital emergency care
Abstract [sv]

Den prehospitala akutsjukvården är ett komplext kunskapsfält som innebär att vårdaren skall kunna bemöta patient och närstående, bedöma skada, sjukdom och den aktuella situationen samt avgöra vilka vårdåtgärder som skall prioriteras.

Patientens lidande kan lindras genom att vårdaren tränar färdigheter i ett prehospitalt kontext. Detta främjar en god och säker vård samt stärker patientens möjligheter till överlevnad.

Resultatet visar på behovet av simulering inom prehospital akutsjukvård. Med simulering lär sig vårdaren att hantera realistiska, dynamiska och komplexa vårdsituationer, vilket skapar kunskaper, färdigheter och erfarenheter av omhändertagande av patient drabbad av högenergitrauma. Simuleringens utformning och miljö skapar förutsättningar för lärandet vilket framkommer i interventionsstudien.

Utifrån resultatet i föreliggande forskning utvecklas en modell för lärande med hjälp av simulering.

Abstract [en]

The overall aim of the research was to deepen the understanding of learning through simulation in prehospital emergency care.

Method: In this research, qualitative and quantitative methods are used as well as integrative literature studies (I, II). Qualitative data from the interview studies (III, V) were analyzed by phenomenographic methodology. Quantitative data from the intervention study (IV) were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics.

Results: Research on simulation and learning within the prehospital trauma care context is relatively rare (I). Simulation of realistic scenarios where the caregivers are exposed to stress contributes to strengthen caregiver knowledge, skills and experience (II). Caregivers request simulation opportunities regarding critical and emergency situations (III). They describe that learning through regular simulation provides in-depth knowledge and skills in the care of a patient exposed to high-energy trauma (V). Interventions with repeated simulation opportunities related to the care of the patient exposed to high-energy trauma give some improvement in care provided at the site of the accident (IV).

Conclusion: Through simulation, the caregivers develop knowledge and skills and receive enhanced confidence in the care of an injured and sick patient. The research suggests several areas with potential for improvement with regard to the care of patients exposed to high-energy trauma. A model has been developed for systematic trauma simulation.

 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Karlstad: Karlstads universitet, 2017. p. 123
Keywords
simulation, learning, nurse, high-energy trauma, ambulance, simulering, lärande, sjuksköterska, högenergitrauma, ambulans
National Category
Nursing
Research subject
Nursing Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-37761 (URN)978-91-7063-765-0 (ISBN)978-91-7063-766-7 (ISBN)
Public defence
2017-05-12, 1A305, Lagerlöfsalen, Universitetsgatan 2, 10:00 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2017-10-20 Created: 2017-10-20 Last updated: 2017-10-20Bibliographically approved

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Abelsson, Anna

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