Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a prevalent sensory-motor disorder. Symptoms such as an urge to move the arms and legs, often associated with a severe impact on sleep can lead to reduced quality of life. Treatment for RLS contains pharmacological therapy, and/or non-pharmacological treatment. Self-care can both in patients with mild and severe symptoms be a valuable addition, but more evidence is needed to provide accurate recommendations. Studies exploring prerequisites for self-care could fill a significant knowledge gap. Understanding these aspects, as described by patients with RLS, could increase health care personnels' awareness of potential and beneficial self-care activities. The aim was to explore and describe thefundamental factors for patients with RLS to engage in self-care actions based on the COM-B model.