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A classical test theory evaluation of the Sleep Condition Indicator accounting for the ordinal nature of item response data
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
The PRO-CARE Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden.
Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ, Dep. of Nursing Science. Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, HHJ. ADULT. Department of clinical neurophysiology, Linköping University hospital, Linköping, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1884-5696
Department of clinical neurophysiology, Linköping University hospital, Linköping, Sweden.
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2019 (English)In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 14, no 3, p. 1-13, article id e0213533Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: Insomnia symptoms are common among young adults and affect about 5% to 26% of 19 to 34-year-olds. In addition, insomnia is associated with poor mental health and may affect daily performance. In research, as well as in clinical practice, sleep questionnaires are used to screen for and diagnose insomnia. However, most questionnaires are not developed according to current DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. An exception is the recently developed Sleep Condition Indicator (SCI), an eight-item scale screening for insomnia.

AIM: The aim of this study was to perform a Classical Test Theory (CTT) based psychometric evaluation of the SCI in a sample of Swedish university students, by taking the ordinal nature of item level data into account.

METHODS: The SCI was translated into Swedish and distributed online to undergraduate students at three Swedish universities, within programs of health, psychology, science or economy. Of 3673 invited students, 634 (mean age 26.9 years; SD = 7.4) completed the questionnaire that, in addition to the SCI, comprised other scales on sleep, stress, lifestyle and students' study environment. Data were analyzed according to CTT investigating data completeness, item homogeneity and unidimensionality.

RESULTS: Polychoric based explorative factor analysis suggested unidimensionality of the SCI, and internal consistency was good (Cronbach's alpha, 0.91; ordinal alpha, 0.94). SCI scores correlated with the Insomnia Severity Index (-0.88) as well as with sleep quality (-0.85) and perceived stress (-0.50), supporting external construct validity.

CONCLUSIONS: These observations support the integrity of the of the SCI. The SCI demonstrates sound CTT-based psychometric properties, supporting its use as an insomnia screening tool.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Public Library of Science , 2019. Vol. 14, no 3, p. 1-13, article id e0213533
National Category
Psychology Neurology
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URN: urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-43397DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213533ISI: 000461166300038PubMedID: 30870454Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85062951355Local ID: GOA HHJ 2019;HHJADULTISOAI: oai:DiVA.org:hj-43397DiVA, id: diva2:1300775
Available from: 2019-03-29 Created: 2019-03-29 Last updated: 2021-06-14Bibliographically approved

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