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Johansson, Y. A. (2022). Delirium hos äldre patienter som vårdas på sjukhus: identifiering av symtom, tecken och riskfaktorer samt journalförda vårdåtgärder. (Doctoral dissertation). Jönköping: Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Delirium hos äldre patienter som vårdas på sjukhus: identifiering av symtom, tecken och riskfaktorer samt journalförda vårdåtgärder
2022 (Swedish)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

I samband med sjukhusvård kan äldre patienter riskera försämrad hälsa, inklusive delirium. Delirium, som är vanligt hos äldre patienter på sjukhus, är ett akut och allvarligt tillstånd med svåra konsekvenser för såväl patienten som för närstående, vårdpersonal och hälso- och sjukvård. Det är viktigt att delirium förebyggs, identifieras och behandlas. Forskning visar dock på brister i vården, vilket kan påverka patienternas hälsa och välbefinnande negativt. Det övergripande syftet med avhandlingen var att identifiera och beskriva symtom, tecken, riskfaktorer och vårdåtgärder vid delirium hos äldre patienter som vårdas på sjukhus samt att utvärdera tillämpbarheten av ett bedömningsinstrument för att identifiera delirium. Alla deltagande patienter var 65 år och äldre och rekryterades från ett länssjukhus (I-IV) och ett universitetssjukhus (III, IV). Dessutom ingick de bedömare som bedömt delirium med bedömningsinstrumentet 4AT i delarbete IV. Delarbetena bestod av en kvantitativ subgruppsanalys (n=25) av en punktprevalensstudie (n=210), en retrospektiv journalgranskning (n=78) med kvalitativ analys och två tvärsnittsstudier baserade på samma urval (n=200) med kvantitativa (III, IV) och kvalitativa analyser (IV). Data samlades in genom strukturerade intervjuer, validerade instrument, patientjournaler, frågeformulär och en öppen intervjufråga.

Patienterna rapporterade svåra och besvärande symtom vilka hade journalförts i begränsad omfattning (14%). Även kognitiv funktionsnedsättning och patienternas beskrivningar av sitt välbefinnande hade journalförts i liten utsträckning. Patienternas tecken på delirium ledde till nedsatt förmåga att såväl delta i sin egen vård som att undvika skada. Vårdpersonalen svarade delvis på patienternas tecken på delirium då åtgärderna kunde vara både anpassade, bristfälliga och utöver vanlig vård. Skörhet var den starkaste riskfaktorn för delirium. Andelen patienter med delirium ökade med svårighetsgraden av skörhet. Den svenska versionen av bedömningsinstrumentet 4AT för att identifiera delirium hade diagnostisk precision och klinisk användbarhet med hög interbedömarreliabilitet. Bedömningsinstrumentet 4AT tolererades väl av patienterna, var lätt att använda och tog några minuter att genomföra. Detta innebär att det nu finns ett enkelt bedömningsinstrument för delirium på svenska som kan användas för att bedöma delirium hos äldre patienter som vårdas på sjukhus.

Endast en mindre del av den studerade vården kan ses som personcentrerad och patientsäker. Struktur, systematik och ett helhetsperspektiv tycktes saknas, liksom ett personcentrerat förhållnings- och arbetssätt. För att minska incidensen av delirium, lidande och kostnader behöver vården förbättras. Det finns behov av att öka kunskapen om delirium och att se delirium som en vårdskada inom all vård. Vidare finns behov av att utveckla vården genom att tydligt integrera ett personcentrerat och patientsäkert förhållnings- och arbetssätt för att nå en helhetssyn på patienten. Målet är att främja hälsa och välbefinnande genom att förebygga delirium. För att möjliggöra identifiering av individuella vårdbehov är det en förutsättning att etablera en tillitsfull vårdrelation med den äldre patienten, där patientens perspektiv tillvaratas. Individuella vårdbehov behöver identifieras strukturerat och systematiskt genom bedömning med bedömningsinstrument av symtom, tecken, välbefinnande, delirium och riskfaktorer för delirium innefattande skörhet samt kognitiv funktionsnedsättning. Detta möjliggör individuellt anpassade vårdåtgärder.

Ett individuellt anpassat omhändertagande som överensstämmer med ett integrerat personcentrerat och patientsäkert förhållnings- och arbetssätt skulle kunna bidra till att minska incidensen av delirium vilket kan skapa positiva effekter för såväl patienter som för vårdpersonal och hälso- och sjukvård.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Jönköping: Jönköping University, School of Health and Welfare, 2022. p. 106
Series
Hälsohögskolans avhandlingsserie, ISSN 1654-3602 ; 118
Keywords
Bedömningsinstrument, delirium, demens, kognitiv funktionsnedsättning, patientsäkerhet, personcentrerad vård, riskfaktorer, skörhet, symtom, tecken, välbefinnande
National Category
Gerontology, specialising in Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-56364 (URN)978-91-88669-17-9 (ISBN)
Public defence
2022-06-08, Forum Humanum, School of Health and Welfare, 13:00 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2022-05-03 Created: 2022-05-03 Last updated: 2022-06-21Bibliographically approved
Johansson, Y. A., Tsevis, T., Nasic, S., Gillsjö, C., Johansson, L., Bogdanovic, N. & Kenne Sarenmalm, E. (2021). Diagnostic accuracy and clinical applicability of the Swedish version of the 4AT assessment test for delirium detection, in a mixed patient population and setting. BMC Geriatrics, 21(568)
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Diagnostic accuracy and clinical applicability of the Swedish version of the 4AT assessment test for delirium detection, in a mixed patient population and setting
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2021 (English)In: BMC Geriatrics, E-ISSN 1471-2318, Vol. 21, no 568Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Delirium is common in older hospitalized patients. It has serious consequences e.g., poor health outcomes, mortality and increased costs. Despite that, many cases are undetected. Early detection of delirium is important in improving outcomes and use of assessment tools improves detection rates. The 4AT is a brief screening tool for delirium detection, which has not previously been translated into Swedish. The study aim was to evaluate diagnostic accuracy and clinical applicability of a Swedish version of the screening tool 4AT for delirium detection.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
BioMed Central, 2021
Keywords
Applicability, 4AT, Delirium, Diagnostic accuracy, Qualitative content analysis, Validation study
National Category
Health Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-54912 (URN)10.1186/s12877-021-02493-3 (DOI)000708489300005 ()34663229 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85117515449 (Scopus ID)GOA;intsam;54912 (Local ID)GOA;intsam;54912 (Archive number)GOA;intsam;54912 (OAI)
Available from: 2021-10-21 Created: 2021-10-21 Last updated: 2024-07-04Bibliographically approved
Johansson, Y. A., Gillsjö, C. & Kenne Sarenmalm, E. (2021). Symptoms and Well-Being in Older Hospitalized Patients with Cognitive Impairment, As Self-Reported and Reported in Patient Records: A Quantitative Exploratory Subgroup Analysis. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra, 11(2), 71-77
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Symptoms and Well-Being in Older Hospitalized Patients with Cognitive Impairment, As Self-Reported and Reported in Patient Records: A Quantitative Exploratory Subgroup Analysis
2021 (English)In: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra, E-ISSN 1664-5464, Vol. 11, no 2, p. 71-77Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Introduction: Given the aging population and the high prevalence of cognitive impairment in older hospitalized patients, it is essential to provide good fundamental care to these vulnerable patients, who easily might be affected by poor outcomes as delirium. Risk factors for delirium are, for example, cognitive impairment, old age, pain, and sleep deprivation. Different symptoms are often unidentified in hospitals, and associated with poor well-being, but this is rarely studied in older patients with cognitive impairment. The study aim was to examine symptoms and sense of well-being in older hospitalized patients with cognitive impairment, as self-reported and reported in patient records. Methods: Exploratory quantitative subgroup (n = 25) analysis of a point-prevalence study (n = 210). Inclusion criteria were age ≥65, and cognitive impairment. Data were collected through structured interviews, validated instruments, and patient records. Associations between well-being and symptoms, and concordance between the occurrence of self-reported symptoms and symptoms reported in patient records were analyzed. Results: The patients reported severe and distressing symptoms that were sparsely reported (14%) in their records. As well were cognitive impairment, and the patients' own descriptions of their well-being. Some symptoms and the total symptom burden were associated with poor well-being. Discussion/Conclusion: To our knowledge, this hypothesis-generating study is one of few studies that describe both symptoms and well-being as self-reported and reported in patient records, in vulnerable patients due to old age, cognitive impairment, and hospitalization. Despite the limited sample size, the results indicate that symptoms were more insufficient alleviated in these patients compared to patients with normal cognitive function in other studies. To our knowledge, this has not been shown previously. Additionally, patients' own experiences were sparsely reported in their records. A larger sample size and longitudinal design has the potential to determine if symptom alleviation differs between patients with and without cognitive impairment, and if a total symptom burden increases the risk of poor outcomes as delirium in vulnerable patients.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
S. Karger, 2021
Keywords
Cognitive impairment, Delirium, Older hospitalized patients, Poor outcomes, Risk factors, Self-reported symptoms, Well-being
National Category
Nursing
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-52523 (URN)10.1159/000515822 (DOI)000651798500001 ()2-s2.0-85105716922 (Scopus ID)GOA;;743260 (Local ID)GOA;;743260 (Archive number)GOA;;743260 (OAI)
Funder
Region Västra Götaland
Available from: 2021-05-24 Created: 2021-05-24 Last updated: 2023-03-20Bibliographically approved
Johansson, Y. A., Tsevis, T., Bogdanovic, N. & Kenne Sarenmalm, E. (2018). Assessment of cognitive function and delirium - Lack of clinical routines. In: : . Paper presented at The 13th annual meeting of the European Delirium Association 2018, Utrecht The Netherlands 1-2 nov 2018.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Assessment of cognitive function and delirium - Lack of clinical routines
2018 (English)Conference paper, Poster (with or without abstract) (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Introduction: Cognitive impairment and delirium are often unidentified in hospitalized patients. Despite the fact that 40 % of all cases of delirium might be prevented, national guidelines are missing in Sweden. Study aim was to examine the routines about assessing cognitive function and delirium in a university hospital and a county hospital in Sweden.

Methods: A web based questionnaire was developed and distributed to 58 managers. The questionnaire addressed routines for identifying cognitive impairment and delirium in clinical practice, for instance which assessment tools, and which terms were used.

Results: The response rate was 43 % (25/58) equally distributed for nurses and physicians managers (43 and 44 %). Study findings showed that structured assessment of cognitive function and delirium were missing. Twelve managers (48 %) had established routines for assessment of cognitive function and seven (28 %) for assessment of delirium. It was unclear how the assessments were performed. Most common was free descriptions based on varying questions. Assessment tools and the term delirium were rarely used.  

Conclusion: Established routines of assessing cognitive function and delirium are missing. Validated rapid clinical assessment tools for cognitive function and delirium are needed as well as consensus to use the term “delirium”.

Keywords
Delirium
National Category
Geriatrics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-42263 (URN)
Conference
The 13th annual meeting of the European Delirium Association 2018, Utrecht The Netherlands 1-2 nov 2018
Available from: 2018-12-09 Created: 2018-12-09 Last updated: 2019-01-14Bibliographically approved
Johansson, Y. A., Tsevis, T., Bogdanovic, N. & Kenne Sarenmalm, E. (2018). Delirium bör bedömas enhetligt och strukturerat i vården. Läkartidningen, Article ID 2018;115:E4II.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Delirium bör bedömas enhetligt och strukturerat i vården
2018 (Swedish)In: Läkartidningen, ISSN 0023-7205, E-ISSN 1652-7518, article id 2018;115:E4IIArticle in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.)) Published
Keywords
Delirium, sjukhus
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-38994 (URN)
Available from: 2018-03-15 Created: 2018-03-15 Last updated: 2018-03-15
Johansson, Y. A., Kenne Sarenmalm, E. & Böl, I. (2017). Hospital transition to person-centered care - a culture journey in practice. In: 30th World Congress on Advanced Nursing Practice September 04-06, 2017 | Edinburgh, Scotland: Exploring Latest Innovations and Advances in Nursing Practice. Paper presented at 30th World Congress on Advanced Nursing Practice September 04-06, 2017 | Edinburgh, Scotland (pp. 1). , 2
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Hospital transition to person-centered care - a culture journey in practice
2017 (English)In: 30th World Congress on Advanced Nursing Practice September 04-06, 2017 | Edinburgh, Scotland: Exploring Latest Innovations and Advances in Nursing Practice, 2017, Vol. 2, p. 1-Conference paper, Oral presentation with published abstract (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

This action research project started in 2015 with the aim to achieve an overall sustainable hospital transition to person-centered care. In the first wave of change towards an overall hospital transition to person-centered care, hospital managers were invited to work-shops and discussions. Eight hospital units were nominated as pilot units. Specific acilitators/change leaders were educated in the philosophy of person-centered care. A learning network was created including the project managers, project unit managers and facilitators/change leaders. Based on the theory of person-centered care, and the importance of focusing soft skills and learning skills and not just technical skills, as well as experiences and reflections during this action research project, a general model for transition to person-centered care was developed. Steps included in the model: 1) Introduction; 2) V alues linked to person-centered care; 3) Multidisciplinary teams including/involving patients and/or next of kin; 4) Communication skills, and in-depth knowledge about person-centered care, 5) Practical application of the person-centered approach into clinical practice.

Series
Advanced Practices in Nursing, ISSN 2573-0347 ; 3
Keywords
Person-centered care, Hospital transition, Culture journey
National Category
Other Health Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-38796 (URN)10.4172/2573-0347-C1-005 (DOI)
Conference
30th World Congress on Advanced Nursing Practice September 04-06, 2017 | Edinburgh, Scotland
Available from: 2018-02-10 Created: 2018-02-10 Last updated: 2018-02-16
Johansson, Y. A., Borg, C.-G., Lundmark, R.-M., Nils-Olof, O. & Kenne Sarenmalm, E. (2016). När inträffar undvikbara och icke undvikbara skador?: Journalgranskning med Markörbaserad Journalgranskning. In: : . Paper presented at Nationella patientsäkerhetskonferensen 2016.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>När inträffar undvikbara och icke undvikbara skador?: Journalgranskning med Markörbaserad Journalgranskning
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2016 (Swedish)Conference paper, Poster (with or without abstract) (Other academic)
National Category
Other Medical Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-38817 (URN)
Conference
Nationella patientsäkerhetskonferensen 2016
Available from: 2018-02-12 Created: 2018-02-12 Last updated: 2018-02-12
Johansson, Y. A., Gillsjö, C., Tsevis, T., Nasic, S., Bogdanovic, N., Johansson, L. & Kenne Sarenmalm, E.Risk factors associated with delirium among older hospitalized patients, with focus on frailty and co-morbidity.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Risk factors associated with delirium among older hospitalized patients, with focus on frailty and co-morbidity
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(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Gerontology, specialising in Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-56363 (URN)
Available from: 2022-05-03 Created: 2022-05-03 Last updated: 2022-05-03
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0001-5344-2935

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